[A Comparative Study of the Compressed SENSE Accelerated Fat-suppressed 3D-turbo Spin Echo Sequence Method and Conventional Fat-suppressed 3D-TSE Method for Lingual Neurovascular Bundle Visualization].

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the compressed SENSE (C-SENSE) accelerated fat-suppressed 3D-turbo spin echo (TSE) method and the conventional SENSE accelerated fat-suppressed 3D-TSE method to examine the usefulness of C-SENSE technology in reducing imaging time.

Methods: Fat-suppressed 3D-TSE using either C-SENSE or SENSE technology was utilized to capture consecutive preoperative images of 34 patients with tongue cancer. SNR, CNR, and visual evaluation were then used to compare both types of technology.

Cyclic-AMP response element binding protein (CREB) and microRNA miR-29b regulate renalase gene expression under catecholamine excess conditions.

Aims: Renalase, a key mediator of cross-talk between kidneys and sympathetic nervous system, exerts protective roles in various cardiovascular/renal disease states. However, molecular mechanisms underpinning renalase gene expression remain incompletely understood. Here, we sought to identify the key molecular regulators of renalase under basal/catecholamine-excess conditions.

Improvement of low-intensity long-time running performance in rats by intake of glucosyl hesperidin.

Recently, the use of ergogenic aids in sports by both athletes and fans has increased. Moreover, the overall demand for new ergogenic aids has increased. Hesperidin is a polyphenol that is useful for improving exercise performance by activating energy generation through β-oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation in skeletal muscles.

Female athlete triad affects rat intestinal morphology and sucrase-isomaltase expression.

Female athletes follow a strict diet and perform rigorous exercise to boost their performance, which induces health issues called the female athlete triad (FAT), defined as the combination of disordered eating, amenorrhoea and low bone mineral density. It is known to have a significant effect on bones. However, its effects on the small intestine, which is responsible for nutrient uptake into the body, remain unclear.

The Oral Administration of Honey Recovers the Function of the Small Intestine for Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients in a Rat Model of Total Parenteral Nutrition.

The oral administration of pure monosaccharides is effective for improving intestinal function such as nutrient digestion and absorption. However, day-to-day diets tend not to include high purity monosaccharides for intestinal health. Honey possesses large amounts of monosaccharides including glucose and fructose in the same ratio.

Acute cold stress induces transient MuRF1 upregulation in the skeletal muscle of zebrafish.

Cryotherapy is one of the most common treatments for trauma or fatigue in the field of sports medicine. However, the molecular biological effects of acute cold exposure on skeletal muscle remain unclear. Therefore, we used zebrafish, which have recently been utilized as an animal model for skeletal muscle, to comprehensively investigate and selectively clarify the time-course changes induced by cryotherapy.

Age-related morphological and functional changes in the small intestine of senescence-accelerated mouse.

The ability of the small intestine to perform various functions, such as digestion/absorption of nutrients, gradually declines with age. However, the mechanism that causes intestinal senescence remains unclear. Therefore, age-related changes in the jejunum and ileum were evaluated using senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM) strains that possess characteristic phenotypes of aging.

Long-Term Habitual Exercise and Combination of β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate plus Black Ginger Alter the Autophagy and Mitochondria Related Genes in SAMP8 Mice.

Muscle mass and strength decrease with aging; however, habitual exercise can maintain muscle health. β-Hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate calcium (HMB) and black ginger (BG) improve muscle protein metabolism and energy production. Combining these two molecules, which have similar effects, may have a synergistic effect.

Development of a gene doping detection method to detect overexpressed human follistatin using an adenovirus vector in mice.

Background: Gene doping is the misuse of genome editing and gene therapy technologies for the purpose of manipulating specific genes or gene functions in order to improve athletic performance. However, a non-invasive detection method for gene doping using recombinant adenoviral (rAdV) vectors containing human follistatin () genes (rAdV<>) has not yet been developed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a method to detect gene doping using rAdV<>.

Proof of Gene Doping in a Mouse Model with a Human Erythropoietin Gene Transferred Using an Adenoviral Vector.

Despite the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) ban on gene doping in the context of advancements in gene therapy, the risk of gene-based doping among athletes is still present. To address this and similar risks, gene-doping tests are being developed in doping control laboratories worldwide. In this regard, the present study was performed with two objectives: to develop a robust gene-doping mouse model with the human gene (h) transferred using recombinant adenovirus (rAdV) as a vector and to develop a detection method to identify gene doping by using this model.

Gene expression level of renalase in the skeletal muscles is increased with high-intensity exercise training in mice on a high-fat diet.

Introduction: Exercise training is beneficial for reducing obesity. In particular, exercise training can lower the catecholamine concentration in circulation. Renalase, whose expression was first confirmed in the kidneys, is a physiologically active substance that decomposes circulating catecholamines; additionally, it has been reported to be present in the skeletal muscles.

One Week of CDAHFD Induces Steatohepatitis and Mitochondrial Dysfunction with Oxidative Stress in Liver.

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been rapidly increasing worldwide. A choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD) has been used to create a mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). There are some reports on the effects on mice of being fed a CDAHFD for long periods of 1 to 3 months.

Acute Low-Intensity Treadmill Running Upregulates the Expression of Intestinal Glucose Transporters via GLP-2 in Mice.

The effects of exercise on nutrient digestion and absorption in the intestinal tract are not well understood. A few studies have reported that exercise training increases the expression of molecules involved in carbohydrate digestion and absorption. Exercise was also shown to increase the blood concentration of glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), which regulates carbohydrate digestion and absorption in the small intestine.

Effects of renalase deficiency on liver fibrosis markers in a nonalcoholic steatohepatitis mouse model.

Progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is attributed to several factors, including inflammation and oxidative stress. In recent years, renalase has been reported to suppress oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation. A number of studies have suggested that renalase may be associated with protecting the liver from injury.

Renalase is localized to the small intestine crypt and expressed upon the activation of NF-κB p65 in mice model of fasting-induced oxidative stress.

Aims: Renalase expression is regulated by Nuclear Factor (NF)-κB and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α, and antioxidative stress function in renal cells were reported. However, dynamics of renalase and localizes in intestine were remain unknown. We evaluated the effects of oxidative stress on renalase expression and localization using model of fasting induced oxidative stress and Caco-2 cell, and examined the its physiological effects.

Ultraviolet and Deep-Ultraviolet Excitation Photothermal Heterodyne Interferometer Combined with Semi-Micro HPLC.

A detection system consisting of a photothermal heterodyne interferometer (PHI) combined with semi-micro HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) has been designed and investigated. An ultraviolet (UV) or deep-UV laser emitting at 375 or 213 nm, respectively, was used for the excitation of nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) and amino acids. A photothermally induced change in the refractive index of the solvent causes an optical phase difference between two arms of the interferometer, one beam passing through the photoexcited region and another used as a reference, which was sensitively detected with the PHI.

High Salt Diet Impacts the Risk of Sarcopenia Associated with Reduction of Skeletal Muscle Performance in the Japanese Population.

The World Health Organization has recommended 5 g/day as dietary reference intakes for salt. In Japan, the averages for men and women were 11.0 g/day and 9.

Habitual Aerobic Exercise Diminishes the Effects of Sarcopenia in Senescence-Accelerated Mice Prone8 Model.

Loss of muscle mass and strength are progressing with aging. Exercise is a beneficial method to prevent physical dysfunction, and habitual exercise can improve the muscle quality. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of long-term habitual exercise's impact on sarcopenia utilizing the senescence-accelerated mice prone8 (SAMP8) model.

Detection of Multiple Transgene Fragments in a Mouse Model of Gene Doping Based on Plasmid Vector Using TaqMan-qPCR Assay.

The World Anti-Doping Agency has prohibited gene doping in the context of progress in gene therapy. There is a risk that the augmentation of genes using plasmids could be applied for gene doping. However, no gold standard method to detect this has been established.

Characterization of Osteoarthritis in a Medial Meniscectomy-Induced Animal Model Using Contrast-Enhanced X-ray Microtomography.

The aim of this study was to clarify degradation characteristics in each tissue of the knee complex of a medial meniscectomy (MMx)-induced knee osteoarthritis (KOA) animal model using classical methods and an alternative comprehensive evaluation method called contrast-enhanced X-ray micro-computed tomography (CEX-μCT), which was developed in the study. Surgical MMx was performed in the right knee joints of five male Wistar rats to induce KOA. At four weeks post-surgery, the synovitis was evaluated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

The detection of trans gene fragments of hEPO in gene doping model mice by Taqman qPCR assay.

Background: With the rapid progress of genetic engineering and gene therapy methods, the World Anti-Doping Agency has raised concerns regarding gene doping, which is prohibited in sports. However, there is no standard method available for detecting transgenes delivered by injection of naked plasmids. Here, we developed a detection method for detecting transgenes delivered by injection of naked plasmids in a mouse model that mimics gene doping.

Detection of Transgenes in Gene Delivery Model Mice by Adenoviral Vector Using ddPCR.

With the rapid progress of genetic engineering and gene therapy, the World Anti-Doping Agency has been alerted to gene doping and prohibited its use in sports. However, there is no standard method available yet for the detection of transgenes delivered by recombinant adenoviral (rAdV) vectors. Here, we aim to develop a detection method for transgenes delivered by rAdV vectors in a mouse model that mimics gene doping.

Influence of acute exercise on renalase and its regulatory mechanism.

Aims: Renalase expression in the kidneys and liver is regulated by nuclear factor (NF)-κB, Sp1, and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α. The dynamics of renalase expression in acute exercise, and its mechanism and physiological effects are unclear. We evaluated the effect of different exercise intensities on renalase expression and examined its mechanism and physiological effects.