Behavioral Symptoms of Reported Abuse in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Inpatient Settings.

The objective of this study was to examine how behavioral manifestations of trauma due to abuse are expressed in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) compared outcomes between patients with a caregiver reported history of abuse and those without. Findings indicate that patients with ASD and reported abuse (i.

Biomarkers p16, Human Papillomavirus and p53 Predict Recurrence and Survival in Early Stage Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Vulva.

Objective: Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) develops through 2 distinct molecular pathways, one involving high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the other through early p53 suppressor gene mutation. We sought to evaluate the influence of p53 mutation, HPV status, and p16 expression on local recurrence and disease-specific mortality in early stage VSCC.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of all patients with stage I VSCC at the Maine Medical Center from 1998 to 2007 (n = 92).

Current Orthopaedic Surgeon Practices for Nonarthroplasty Treatment of Osteoarthritis of Adult Hip and Knee.

Evidence-based guidelines have recently been published for the nonarthroplasty treatment of osteoarthritis of the hip and knee and are becoming an expected part of comprehensive patient care. To understand how current treatment practices correlate with these guidelines, a survey was administered to 50 consecutive hip replacement and 50 consecutive knee replacement patients immediately before arthroplasty for osteoarthritis in one group practice. This article is a compilation of patients' usage of the modalities suggested in two such exemplary guidelines and demonstrates that patient and surgeon preferences, as well as factors such as preoperative Oxford score, body mass index, age, and joint involved, affect usage of one or more of the commonly employed preoperative modalities.

The autism inpatient collection: methods and preliminary sample description.

Background: Individuals severely affected by autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including those with intellectual disability, expressive language impairment, and/or self-injurious behavior (SIB), are underrepresented in the ASD literature and extant collections of phenotypic and biological data. An understanding of ASD's etiology and subtypes can only be as complete as the studied samples are representative.

Methods: The Autism Inpatient Collection (AIC) is a multi-site study enrolling children and adolescents with ASD aged 4-20 years admitted to six specialized inpatient psychiatry units.

Pediatric Professional Medical Associations and Industry Guideline Compliance.

Background And Objectives: There has been an increasing focus on the relationship between pediatric prescribers and the biomedical industry. There is a lack of research, however, on the biomedical industry's relationship with the professional medical associations (PMAs) of pediatric prescribers. We developed a systematic method to assess this relationship by evaluating PMA transparency and compliance with a set of 2009 best practice guidelines (BPGs).

Effects of personalized colorectal cancer risk information on laypersons' interest in colorectal cancer screening: The importance of individual differences.

Objective: To evaluate how personalized quantitative colorectal cancer (CRC) risk information affects laypersons' interest in CRC screening, and to explore factors influencing these effects.

Methods: An online pre-post experiment was conducted in which a convenience sample (N=578) of laypersons, aged >50, were provided quantitative personalized estimates of lifetime CRC risk, calculated by the National Cancer Institute Colorectal Cancer Risk Assessment Tool (CCRAT). Self-reported interest in CRC screening was measured immediately before and after CCRAT use; sociodemographic characteristics and prior CRC screening history were also assessed.

Evaluation of anesthetic technique on surgical site infections (SSIs) at a single institution.

Study Objective: To determine whether the previously published relationship between anesthetic technique and rate of surgical site infections (SSIs) was influenced by institution specific effects.

Design: Retrospective Review of Quality Assurance and Hospital Epidemiology databases.

Setting: Metropolitan medical center.

Developing, evaluating and validating a scoring rubric for written case reports.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate Family Medicine Clerkship students' writing skills using an anchored scoring rubric. In this study, we report on the assessment of a current scoring rubric (SR) used to grade written case description papers (CDP) for medical students, describe the development of a revised SR with examination of scoring consistency among faculty raters, and report on feedback from students regarding SR revisions and written CDP.

Methods: Five faculty members scored a total of eighty-three written CDP using both the Original SR (OSR) and the Revised SR1 (RSR1) during the 2009-2010 academic years.

Preliminary investigation of lithium for mood disorder symptoms in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder.

Objective: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have higher rates of comorbid psychiatric disorders, including mood disorders, than the general child population. Although children with ASD may experience irritability (aggression, self-injury, and tantrums), a portion also experience symptoms that are typical of a mood disorder, such as euphoria/elevated mood, mania, hypersexuality, paranoia, or decreased need for sleep. Despite lithium's established efficacy in controlling mood disorder symptoms in the neurotypical population, lithium has been rarely studied in children with ASD.

Specialized inpatient psychiatry for serious behavioral disturbance in autism and intellectual disability.

Psychiatric hospitalization of children with autism spectrum disorder and/or intellectual disability is common, however, the effectiveness of this intervention is largely unknown. Thirty-eight clinically-referred children 8-19 years old admitted to a specialized inpatient psychiatry unit were assessed by a consistent caregiver on the Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Irritability (ABC-I) subscale at admission, discharge and 2 months post discharge. There was a decrease in the mean ABC-I score from admission (27.

Feasibility of bispectral index monitoring to guide early post-resuscitation cardiac arrest triage.

Introduction: Triage after resuscitation from cardiac arrest is hindered by reliable early estimation of brain injury. We evaluated the performance of a triage model based on early bispectral index (BIS) findings and cardiac risk classes.

Methods: Retrospective evaluation of serial patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest, unable to follow commands, and undergoing hypothermia.

Telephone administration of the aberrant behavior checklist: a pilot study of feasibility in children with intellectual disability and autism.

To advance clinical care and research in children with intellectual disability and autism there is a growing need for efficient means to measure behavioral severity and response to treatment. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of telephone administration of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Irritability Subscale (ABC-I). The ABC-I was administered by telephone to the primary caregivers of 39 subjects with intellectual disability and/or autism.

Mobilization of ventilated older adults.

Background: Recent studies of ventilated, critically ill patients have shown early mobilization to be safe and resulting in better functional outcomes at discharge but have not focused on older adults.

Objectives: The objectives of this pilot study were to examine the feasibility of and to describe functional outcomes associated with providing early mobilization to critically ill, older adult patients.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study that took place in the medical and surgical intensive care units of a tertiary, academic medical center.