Effect of Ice Massage to Abdomen on Blood Glucose Level and Cardiovascular Function in Healthy Individuals: A Single-group Pre-test and Post-test Experimental Study.

Background: Ice massage is commonly employed in the management of non-communicable diseases like hypertension and diabetes. However, there is a paucity of evidence regarding abdominal ice massage on blood glucose level (BGL) and cardiovascular function either in healthy or pathological conditions. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the effects of ice massage to the abdomen on BGL and cardiovascular functions in healthy individuals.