Study Objectives: The effect of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) on sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in Malaysian children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is under-investigated. We determined (1) the short- and long-term effects of rhGH and (2) factors associated with worsening SDB in children with PWS receiving rhGH.
Methods: This retrospective study included children with PWS (with and without rhGH) who had undergone at least 1 polysomnography.
Introduction: : Asian children with cystic fibrosis (CF) managed in Malaysia have significant morbidity with limited access to life-sustaining treatments. We determined the morbidity and treatment cost of CF in a resource-limited country.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included all children diagnosed with CF in our centre.
Background: Few studies have examined the impact of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection on children with chronic lung disease (CLD).
Objective: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the prevalence, risk factors for contracting COVID-19, and complications of COVID-19, in children with CLD.
Methods: This systematic review was based on articles published between January 1, 2020 and July 25, 2022.
Background: Sleep disturbance in children with atopic dermatitis (AD) frequently goes unnoticed and can be associated with behavioral challenges. The aims of this study were to determine (a) the prevalence and factors associated with sleep disturbance and behavioral problems and (b) the correlation between sleep disturbance and behavioral problems in children with AD.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involved children aged 4-12 years old with moderate to severe AD.
Objectives: We aimed to determine the association between newborn bacterial colonization and infant respiratory morbidity in the first 6 months of life.
Methods: This prospective study included healthy newborn infants. Nasopharyngeal swabs performed within 72 hours of delivery were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction.
Background: Most studies examining survival of neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) are in high-income countries. We aimed to describe the management, survival to hospital discharge rate, and factors associated with survival of neonates with unilateral CDH in a middle-income country.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical notes of neonates with unilateral CDH admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in a tertiary referral center over a 15-year period, from 2003-2017.
There is a scarcity of population-level data of pediatric COVID-19 infection from Southeast Asia. This study aims to describe and compare epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and outcome data among pediatric COVID-19 cases versus controls in two neighboring countries, Singapore and Malaysia. We used a test-negative case-control study design recruiting all suspected COVID-19 cases (defined by either clinical or epidemiological criteria) from January 2020 to March 2021 admitted to two main pediatric centers in Singapore and Malaysia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: Maternal diet during pregnancy may impact infant respiratory morbidity. The aim was to determine the association between antenatal maternal diet and respiratory morbidity of their infants during their first 6 months of life.
Methods And Study Design: This prospective cohort study included healthy motherinfant pairs.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol
December 2021
Introduction: Overnight pulse oximetry is an alternative to polysomnography (PSG) in diagnosing obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, but its sensitivity is reported to be low.
Aims: To determine the (a) diagnostic accuracy, interobserver reliability and reliable oxygen desaturation index of 4% (ODI) score at diagnosing obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome in children and (b) correlation between the apnoea hypopnoea index (AHI) with ODI and oxygen nadir between both PSG and oximetry.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included children aged 1-18 years old, undergoing a fully attended overnight PSG for suspected obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.
Background: Provision of home mechanical ventilation (HMV) to children with chronic respiratory insufficiency enhances growth and quality of life. The hypothesis was that health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the development of these children were poorer than in healthy children.
Objectives: To determine the HRQoL and developmental outcome of children on HMV.
Introduction/aim: A validated tool for scoring bronchitis during flexible bronchoscopy (FB) is potentially useful for clinical practice and research. We aimed to develop a bronchoscopically defined bronchitis scoring system in children (BScore) based on our pilot study.
Methods: Children undergoing FB were prospectively enrolled.
Objective: The sole prospective longitudinal study of children with either chronic suppurative lung disease (CSLD) or bronchiectasis published in the current era was limited to a single center. We sought to extend this study by evaluating the longer-term clinical and lung function outcomes and their associated risk factors in Indigenous children of adolescents from Australia, Alaska, and New Zealand who participated in our previous CSLD or bronchiectasis studies during 2004-2010.
Methods: Between 2015 and 2018, we evaluated 131 out of 180 (72.
Introduction: Pneumonia in children is a common disease yet determining its aetiology remains elusive.
Objectives: To determine the a) aetiology, b) factors associated with bacterial pneumonia and c) association between co-infections (bacteria + virus) and severity of disease, in children admitted with severe pneumonia.
Methods: A prospective cohort study involving children aged 1-month to 5-years admitted with very severe pneumonia, as per the WHO definition, over 2 years.
Introduction: Respiratory tract infections in children can result in respiratory sequelae. We aimed to determine the prevalence of, and factors associated with persistent respiratory sequelae 1 year after admission for a lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI).
Methodology: This prospective cohort study involved children 1 month to 5-years-old admitted with an LRTI.
Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung disease associated with structurally abnormal bronchi, clinically manifested by a persistent wet/productive cough, airway infections and recurrent exacerbations. Early identification and treatment of acute exacerbations is an integral part of monitoring and annual review, in both adults and children, to minimize further damage due to infection and inflammation. Common modalities used to monitor disease progression include clinical signs and symptoms, frequency of exacerbations and/or number of hospital admissions, lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV )% predicted), imaging (radiological severity of disease) and sputum microbiology (chronic infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To describe the severity, human adenovirus (HAdV) type and respiratory morbidity following adenovirus pneumonia in children.
Methodology: Retrospective review of children under 12 years of age, admitted with HAdV pneumonia, between January 2011 and July 2013, in a single centre in Malaysia. HAdV isolated from nasopharyngeal secretions were typed by sequencing hypervariable regions 1-6 of the hexon gene.
J Paediatr Child Health
April 2019
Aim: To investigate baseline characteristics associated with complicated community-acquired pneumonia (CAPc) in Malaysian children. CAPc, such as pleural effusion and/or empyema, is on the rise, especially in Southeast Asian children, and the reasons for this are unknown.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on all children aged 2-16 years who were admitted to the University Malaya Medical Centre with community-acquired pneumonia between 2012 and 2014.
Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) has gained renewed interest, due to its increasing health-care burden. Annual mortality statistics in England and Wales showed that under 1,000 people die from bronchiectasis each year, and this number is increasing by 3% yearly. Unfortunately, there is a severe lack of well-powered, randomized controlled trials to guide clinicians how to manage NCFB effectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Home ventilation (HV) for children is growing rapidly worldwide. The aim was to describe (1) the sociodemographic characteristics of children on HV and (2) the indications for, means and outcome of initiating HV in children from a developing country.
Methodology: This retrospective study included patients sent home on noninvasive or invasive ventilation, over 13 years, by the pediatric respiratory unit in a single center.
Background: Noisy breathing is a common presenting symptom in children. The purpose of this study is to (a) assess parental ability to label wheeze, (b) compare the ability of parents of children with and without asthma to label wheeze and (c) determine factors affecting parental ability to label wheeze correctly.
Methods: This cross-sectional study in a tertiary hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia involved parents of children with asthma.