Hand-foot syndrome in cancer patients on capecitabine: examining prevalence, impacts, and associated risk factors at a cancer centre in Malaysia.

Introduction: Hand-foot syndrome (HFS) significantly impacts quality of life in cancer patients undergoing capecitabine treatment. This study assessed capecitabine-associated HFS prevalence, its impacts on chemotherapy treatment, and identified risk factors in multiracial Malaysian patients.

Methods: We included adult cancer patients receiving capecitabine at Sarawak General Hospital for at least two cycles from April 1, 2021 to June 30, 2022.

In Vivo Evaluation of Thiamine Hydrochloride with Gastro-Retentive Drug Delivery in Healthy Human Volunteers Using Gamma Scintigraphy.

A floating tablet system containing thiamine hydrochloride, a model drug with a narrow absorption window, was evaluated. The tablet was found to have a floating lag time of less than 30 s with a sustained drug release over 12 h during in vitro dissolution studies. The gastro-retentive property of the tablet in relation to the bioavailability of thiamine was determined in healthy human volunteers using gamma scintigraphy under fasted and fed conditions.

Assessment of the nlmixr R package for population pharmacokinetic modeling: A metformin case study.

Aim: nlmixr offers first-order conditional estimation (FOCE), FOCE with interaction (FOCEi) and stochastic approximation estimation-maximisation (SAEM) to fit nonlinear mixed-effect models (NLMEM). We modelled metformin's pharmacokinetic data using nlmixr and investigated SAEM and FOCEi's performance with respect to bias and precision of parameter estimates, and robustness to initial estimates.

Method: Compartmental models were fitted.

Formulation and In Vivo Evaluation of a Solid Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System Using Oily Liquid Tocotrienols as Model Active Substance.

Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) can improve the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Solid self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (s-SEDDS) offer several advantages including improved drug stability, ease of administration, and production. Most compounds employed in developing s-SEDDS are solid in nature, with a high amount of surfactants added.

Effects of vitamin E on stroke: a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

There are several previous studies on the association of vitamin E with prevention of stroke but the findings remain controversial. We have conducted a systematic review, meta-analysis together with trial sequential analysis of randomised controlled trials to evaluate the effect of vitamin E supplementation versus placebo/no vitamin E on the risk reduction of total, fatal, non-fatal, haemorrhagic and ischaemic stroke. Relevant studies were identified by searching online databases through Medline, PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials.

A randomized single-dose, two-period crossover bioequivalence study of two fixed-dose Paracetamol/Orphenadrine combination preparations in healthy volunteers under fasted condition.

Background: Paracetamol/Orphenadrine is a fixed dose combination containing 35 mg orphenadrine and 450 mg paracetamol. It has analgesic and muscle relaxant properties and is widely available as generics. This study is conducted to investigate the relative bioavailability and bioequivalence between one fixed dose paracetamol/orphenadrine combination test preparation and one fixed dose paracetamol/orphenadrine combination reference preparation in healthy volunteers under fasted condition for marketing authorization in Malaysia.

The Minimum Clinically Important Difference of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaires (ICIQ-UI SF and ICIQ-LUTSqol).

Objective: To estimate the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF) and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Quality of Life (ICIQ-LUTSqol) using both anchor-based and distribution-based methods for women with stress urinary incontinence undergoing nonsurgical treatment.

Materials And Methods: Data from a randomized clinical trial evaluating efficacy of a nonsurgical intervention in women with stress urinary incontinence were used for analyses. The overall score of ICIQ-UI SF ranges from 0 to 21, with greater values indicating increased severity.

Metabolomics profiling and pathway analysis of human plasma and urine reveal further insights into the multifactorial nature of coronary artery disease.

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) claims lives yearly. Nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR) metabolomics analysis is efficient in identifying metabolic biomarkers which lend credence to diagnosis. We aimed to identify CAD metabotypes and its implicated pathways using H NMR analysis.

Curcumin and a hemi-analogue with improved blood-brain barrier permeability protect against amyloid-beta toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans via SKN-1/Nrf activation.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of curcumin analogues with shortened linkers and their ability to protect against amyloid-beta toxicity in a whole organism model.

Method: Four curcumin analogues were synthesized. These analogues and curcumin were evaluated for their BBB permeability in the parallel artificial membrane permeability assay.

Pharmacokinetic and anti-colon cancer properties of curcumin-containing chitosan-pectinate composite nanoparticles.

Curcumin, the active ingredient of the rhizome curcuma longa has been extensively studied as an anticancer agent for various types of tumours. However, its efficacy as an anticancer agent is restricted due to poor absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, rapid metabolism and degradation in acidic medium. In the present study, we encapsulated curcumin in chitosan-pectinate nanoparticulate system (CUR-CS-PEC-NPs) for deployment of curcumin to the colon, whereby curcumin is protected against degradative effects in the upper digestive tract, and hence, maintaining its anticancer properties until colon arrival.

Pharmacometabolomics analysis of plasma to phenotype clopidogrel high on treatment platelets reactivity in coronary artery disease patients.

Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) of clopidogrel and aspirin is crucial for coronary artery disease (CAD) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, some patients may endure clopidogrel high on treatment platelets reactivity (HTPR) which may cause thromboembolic events. Clopidogrel HTPR is multifactorial with some genetic and non-genetic factors contributing to it.

Responsiveness of the Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction in couples with incontinent partners.

Objective: In order for a measure to reliably evaluate treatment efficacy, it is important that the measure used has adequate responsiveness. However, the responsiveness of the Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS) questionnaire, a highly recommended questionnaire by the International Consultation of Incontinence to assess sexual function in patients with incontinence, has not been established. To enable the use of GRISS to measure change in sexual function following incontinence treatment, we evaluated the short- and long-term responsiveness of the GRISS in couples with female stress urinary incontinence partners.

Efficacy of Oral Mixed Tocotrienols in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Management of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy remains challenging. Most therapies provide symptomatic relief with varying degrees of efficacy. Tocotrienols have modulatory effects on the neuropathy pathway and may reduce neuropathic symptoms with their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities.

Which outcome measures should be used in stress urinary incontinence trials?

Objective: To review measures used in recent randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating stress urinary incontinence (SUI) treatments and to propose the most relevant outcome measure that should be included in future trials.

Materials And Methods: We identified RCTs for SUI interventions published between January 2015 and July 2017. We listed the objective and subjective outcome measures used in eligible trials in the literature search.

Sexual Function in Couples With or Without Female Incontinent Partners: Correlates and Predictors.

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between sexual function of couples with and without stress urinary incontinence (SUI) partners, and to identify predictors of poor sexual function.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted involving sexually active women with or without SUI aged at least 21 years old, and their respective partners. Both partners completed the Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS), a 28-item multidimensional measure with separate forms for male and female designed to assess sexual satisfaction of both partners.

The Impact of Stress Urinary Incontinence on Individual Components of Quality of Life in Malaysian Women.

Objective: To assess the impact of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) on individual components of quality of life (QoL) using both condition-specific and generic questionnaires, and to compare the results of the 2 instruments with a control group.

Methods: Women with or without SUI aged ≥21 years old were recruited. Subjects completed the International Consultation of Incontinence-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI-SF), International Consultation of Incontinence-Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Quality of Life (ICIQ-LUTSqol), and EQ-5D questionnaires.

Effect of palm-based tocotrienols and tocopherol mixture supplementation on platelet aggregation in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a randomised controlled trial.

Tocotrienols, the unsaturated form of vitamin E, were reported to modulate platelet aggregation and thrombotic mechanisms in pre-clinical studies. Using a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved cartridge-based measurement system, a randomised, double-blind, crossover and placebo-controlled trial involving 32 metabolic syndrome adults was conducted to investigate the effect of palm-based tocotrienols and tocopherol (PTT) mixture supplementation on platelet aggregation reactivity. The participants were supplemented with 200 mg (69% tocotrienols and 31% α-tocopherol) twice daily of PTT mixture or placebo capsules for 14 days in a random order.

H NMR based pharmacometabolomics analysis of urine identifies metabolic phenotype of clopidogrel high on treatment platelets reactivity in coronary artery disease patients.

Clopidogrel high on treatment platelets reactivity (HTPR) has burdened achieving optimum therapeutic outcome. Although there are known genetic and non-genetic factors associated with clopidogrel HTPR, which explain in part clopidogrel HTPR, yet, great portion remains unknown, often hindering personalizing antiplatelet therapy. Nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR) pharmacometabolomics analysis is useful technique to phenotype drug response.

Effect of pulsed magnetic stimulation on quality of life of female patients with stress urinary incontinence: an IDEAL-D stage 2b study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: We evaluated the effects of pulsed magnetic stimulation (PMS) on overall and different aspects of quality of life (QoL) in female patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI).

Methods: This study involved 120 female SUI subjects aged ≥21 years old randomized to either active or sham PMS. Treatment involved two PMS sessions per week for 2 months (16 sessions).

Patients' perception and satisfaction with pulsed magnetic stimulation for treatment of female stress urinary incontinence.

Introduction And Hypothesis: We evaluated patients' perception and satisfaction with nonsurgical pulsed magnetic stimulation (PMS) for treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial.

Methods: Women with SUI (n = 120) were randomized to either active or sham PMS for 8 weeks (twice/week). Patients answered seven questions on their perception and acceptability, each measured on a 5-point Likert scale.

Effect of Pulsed Magnetic Stimulation on Sexual Function in Couples With Female Stress Urinary Incontinence Partners.

We prospectively evaluated the effects of pulsed magnetic stimulation (PMS) on sexual function of couples with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) partners. Female SUI subjects received 16 or 32 biweekly PMS sessions, depending on treatment response. Prior to, immediately after, and at 6-months posttreatment, couples completed the Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS) questionnaire.

Correction: Chitosan-propolis nanoparticle formulation demonstrates anti-bacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis biofilms.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

The Personalization of Clopidogrel Antiplatelet Therapy: The Role of Integrative Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacometabolomics.

Dual antiplatelet therapy of aspirin and clopidogrel is pivotal for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. However, the variable platelets reactivity response to clopidogrel may lead to outcome failure and recurrence of cardiovascular events. Although many genetic and nongenetic factors are known, great portion of clopidogrel variable platelets reactivity remain unexplained which challenges the personalization of clopidogrel therapy.