The content of the transverse foramen of the seventh cervical vertebra.

In human anatomy, the vertebral artery, in its passage from the subclavian artery to the foramen magnum of the skull, enters the transverse foramina of the vertebral column generally at the level of the 6th cervical vertebra. Nevertheless, even though avoided by the vertebral artery, also the 7th cervical vertebra (C7) contains a transverse foramen. The content of this transverse foramen in C7 has been unclear, with different descriptions found in textbooks and in original literature.

In-ice light measurements during the MOSAiC expedition.

We present light measurements in Arctic sea ice obtained during the year-long MOSAiC drift through the central Arctic Ocean in 2019-2020. Such measurements are important as sea ice plays a fundamental role in the Arctic climate and ecosystem. The partitioning of solar irradiance determines the availability of radiation energy for thermodynamic processes and primary productivity.

Transbronchial biopsy guided by low-dose MDCT: a new approach for assessment of solitary pulmonary nodules.

Objective: The objective of our study was to determine whether transbronchial bronchoscopic biopsy of solitary pulmonary nodules under CT guidance using a low-dose protocol can increase diagnostic yield in patients who had undergone unsuccessful conventional bronchoscopic biopsy.

Subjects And Methods: We included 33 consecutive patients (25 men; mean age +/- SD, 64 +/- 9.6 years) with solitary pulmonary nodules at different sites and with a lesion-to-pleura distance of at least 2 cm who previously underwent conventional bronchoscopy that did not result in histologic diagnosis.

[Mediastinal metastasis of a tubal choriocarcinoma following ectopic pregnancy as a rare cause of thoracic pain].

We report on a 26-year old female patient with thoracic pain and dyspnea, in whom a large tumorous mass in the anterior mediastinum with a pleural effusion was diagnosed by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. After rapid progression of tumor growth and detection of malignant cells within the pleural effusion operative intervention including resection of the tumor was performed. Histologic examination of the tumor revealed the typical morphology of a large mediastinal choriocarcinoma.

[Non-passable tumor-associated stenosis of trachea and stent-implantation -- an indication for Virtual CT-bronchoscopy].

We report about a male 50-year-old patient with known non-small cell lung cancer and tumor-associated stenosis of the right main bronchus already treated with Neodym-YAG-laser coagulation. Eight months later the patient was readmitted to hospital and revealed complete occlusion of the right main bronchus and subtotal stenosis of the distal trachea and the left main bronchus. Conventional tracheobronchoscopy failed to visualize the post-stenotic parts of the left main bronchus due to the length and degree of stenosis.

[Pigmented villonodular synovitis of the knee joint].

Pigmented villonodular synovitis is a rare proliferative disorder of the synovial membrane most frequently found in the knee. The etiopathology of the disease is still not understood. Present terminology differentiates between a localized (LPVNS) and a diffuse (DPVNS) form.

Evaluation of chronic infectious interstitial pulmonary disease in children by low-dose CT-guided transthoracic lung biopsy.

Background: Children with chronic infectious interstitial lung disease often have to undergo open lung biopsy to establish a final diagnosis. Open lung biopsy is an invasive procedure with major potential complications. Transthoracic lung biopsy (TLB) guided by computed tomography (CT) is a less-invasive well-established procedure in adults.

[Prospective randomized trial of a modified standard multislice CT protocol for the evaluation of multiple trauma patients].

Purpose: To evaluate whether modification of a standard multislice CT (MSCT) protocol might improve the diagnostic work flow in patients with multiple trauma without relevant loss of image quality.

Materials And Methods: Between September 2002 and September 2003, 80 multiple trauma patients underwent 4-slice CT encompassing head, thorax, abdomen/pelvis and spine. All patients were randomly assigned to either protocol A or B: Protocol A included serial scanning of the head (collimation 1 mm, 350/380 mAs/120 kV) and spiral scans of thorax, abdomen/pelvis and spine (collimation 2.

Evaluation of tracheobronchial anomalies in children using low-dose multidetector CT: report of a 13-year-old boy with a tracheal bronchus and recurrent pulmonary infections.

Tracheobronchial anomalies in children may be associated with recurrent episodes of pulmonary infections and symptoms of recurrent or persistent airway obstruction. Diagnosis by conventional imaging may be difficult. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) offers the possibility to generate a virtual three-dimensional bronchoscopy, thus enabling detailed overview of the tracheobronchial system.

[Neurological complications and loss of efficacy with intrathecal pain therapy].

In a new guideline issued by the German Association for the Study of Pain, intrathecal opioid therapy is described as proven to be effective with relatively few side effects. We reviewed this statement by analysis of the available literature and critical evaluation of the clinical course in a few of our own patients (n=3). In these cases (as well as in a further eight patients), explantation and a switch to oral opioids led to distinctly better alleviation of pain and abatement of the unwanted effects.

[Misdiagnosis of a Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava as a renal cell carcinoma].

Leiomyosarcoma of the vena cava inferior (VCI) is a rare mesenchymal malignant tumor of the retroperitoneum. About 200 cases have been described in the literature so far. Leiomyosarcomas may resemble other tumors including renal cell carcinoma, adrenal carcinoma, and hepatic adenoma.

Lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum: a prospective study of incidence, imaging findings, and clinical symptoms.

Background: Lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum (LHIS) is a benign disorder characterized by fat accumulation in the interatrial septum. It typically occurs in elderly, obese patients and may cause arrhythmia.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the imaging features of this cardiac pathology using multislice CT (MSCT), and its relationship with clinical findings.