Novel muscular anomaly along the iliac crest: Innervation from the superior cluneal nerves and topographical relationship to the thoracolumbar fascia.

Aberrant muscle bundles of approximately 10 cm in length, running subcutaneously from the posterior surface of sacrum to the iliac crest, were found on both sides of three males among 93 cadavers of anatomical courses for medical students. Since no precedent of this anomaly has been described in the literature, we present its morphology and discuss the significance of this muscle. This muscle originated from the tendinous fibers of the superficial-most layer of the sacral part of thoracolumbar fascia, became muscularized near the posterior superior iliac spine, passed over the origins of the gluteus maximus and medius, and inserted on the iliac crest.

Nuclear Receptors and Stress Response Pathways Associated with the Development of Oral Mucositis Induced by Antineoplastic Agents.

Oral mucositis (OM) is one of the common adverse events associated with cancer treatment that decreases the quality of life and affects treatment outcomes. However, the medications used to manage OM are generally only palliative, and our knowledge of the syndrome is limited. The etiology of the syndrome is thought to be complex and multifactorial.

SOX11-induced decrease in vimentin and an increase in prostate cancer cell migration attributed to cofilin activity.

SOX11 is a transcription factor in the SOX family of genes that regulate multiple cellular events by influencing the expression of key genes in developmental, physiological, and tumorigenic cells. To elucidate the role of SOX11 in prostate cancer cells, PC-3 prostate cancer cells were cloned (S6 and S9 cells) to highly express SOX11. We demonstrated that both S6 and S9 lose vimentin expression, acquiring epithelial marker proteins, which indicates the Epithelial state phenotype.

Topographical relationship between the accessory hepatic duct and the hepatic artery system.

Hepatic biliary injury is one of the most common complications in cholecystectomy and is frequently accompanied by arterial injuries. Because there are several anatomical variations of the hepatic ducts, including the accessory hepatic ducts (AHDs), it is important to consider not only the anatomical position of the hepatic ducts but also those of the AHDs in cholecystectomy. However, the topographical relationships between the AHDs and the hepatic arteries are still poorly understood.

Ascending speed and nocturnal activity of adult masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou Brevoort) during upstream migration.

We released five adult masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) tagged with external transmitters to track their ascending behaviour. The signals of all specimens were recorded in the upper area of the river system. Two patterns of ascending behaviour were recognized: ascending upward immediately after release and ascending during increased river discharge.

Visualization of Low-Level Gamma Radiation Sources Using a Low-Cost, High-Sensitivity, Omnidirectional Compton Camera.

We present experimental protocols for visualizing various low-level gamma radiation sources in the ambient environment. Experiments were conducted by using a low-cost, high-sensitivity, omnidirectional, gamma-ray imaging Compton camera. In the laboratory, the position of a sub-MeV gamma radiation source such as Cs can easily be monitored via omnidirectional gamma-ray imaging obtained by the Compton camera.

Atypical protein kinase C isoforms differentially regulate directional keratinocyte migration during wound healing.

Background: The epidermis possesses regenerative properties that become apparent only after wounding. Atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) isoforms aPKCζ and aPKCλ form a ternary complex with Par3 and Par6, and play crucial roles in establishing and maintaining epithelial cell polarity. The epidermal loss of aPKCλ results in progressive depletion of hair follicle stem cells.

Topical 3-bromopyruvate is a novel targeted therapy for melanoma in a preclinical model.

Background: Targeting cancer metabolism is a promising strategy in improving cancer treatment.

Objective: To introduce a targeted therapy with topical 3-bromopyruvate (3BP), aglycolytic inhibitor, into the clinic in the near future.

Method: We investigated the anti-tumor efficacy of 3BP on melanoma cells in vitro and in a preclinical model.

Carpal bones of Nacholapithecus kerioi, a Middle Miocene Hominoid From Northern Kenya.

Objectives: The carpal bones of the middle Miocene hominoid Nacholapithecus kerioi are described based on new materials.

Materials And Methods: The materials comprise a trapezoid, three capitates, two hamates, a centrale, a lunate, a triquetrum, and a pisiform, collected during the 2001 and 2002 field seasons from Nachola, Kenya. We also describe a pisiform recently assigned to the type specimen of N.

Inflammatory suppressive effect of prostate cancer cells with prolonged exposure to transforming growth factor β on macrophage-differentiated cells via downregulation of prostaglandin E.

Transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) regulates a variety of cellular functions, including cell growth, apoptosis and differentiation. The aim of the current study was to investigate the alterations of phenotypic events in the long-term exposure of prostate cancer (PCa) cells to TGFβ1 and its effect on macrophage-differentiated cells. The PCa cell line, PC-3, and the subclone, M1, were exposed to TGFβ1 for short- or long-term periods.

Rapid immunohistochemistry based on alternating current electric field for intraoperative diagnosis of brain tumors.

Rapid immunohistochemistry (R-IHC) can contribute to the intraoperative diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. We have recently developed a new IHC method based on an alternating current electric field to facilitate the antigen-antibody reaction. To ensure the requirement of R-IHC for intraoperative diagnosis, 183 cases of CNS tumors were reviewed regarding the accuracy rate of diagnosis without R-IHC.

Simultaneous ingestion of fructose and fat exacerbates postprandial exogenous lipidemia in young healthy Japanese women.

Aim: To investigate the acute effects of the simultaneous ingestion of fructose and fat on postprandial lipoprotein metabolism in healthy young women.

Methods: Nine young healthy Japanese women with a normal weight (body mass index: 18.5≤-< 25 kg/m(2)), a normal ovarian cycle and an apolipoprotein E 3/3 phenotype were enrolled as participants and studied on four occasions.

A novel immunohistochemical staining method allows ultrarapid detection of lymph node micrometastases while conserving antibody.

We developed a novel ultrarapid immunohistochemical staining method in which an AC electric field is used to facilitate detection of tumor cells. Frozen sections of non-small cell lung cancer in lymph nodes were fixed in acetone for 2 min, after which they were incubated for 2 min with an anti-pancytokeratin antibody cocktail and then with EnVision(TM) complex under an alternating current (AC) electric field. The sections were then incubated with a chromogen (3,3'diaminobenzidine) for 3 min and counterstained with hematoxylin.

Video painting with space-time-varying style parameters.

Artists use different means of stylization to control the focus on different objects in the scene. This allows them to portray complex meaning and achieve certain artistic effects. Most prior work on painterly rendering of videos, however, uses only a single painting style, with fixed global parameters, irrespective of objects and their layout in the images.

Variation in flowering size and age of a facultative biennial, Aster kantoensis (Compositae), in response to nutrient availability.

Although the flowering of facultative biennials is size-dependent, flowering size varies markedly within a single population as well as among populations. In this study, 15 half-sib families of the facultative biennial Aster kantoensis were grown from seeds at three nutrient levels (low, medium, and high). A significant nutrient × family interaction effect was found for bolting size, and among-family variation in bolting size increased with decreasing nutrient level.

Rib orientation and implications for orthograde positional behavior in nonhuman anthropoids.

Strong caudal obliquity of the lower ribs is one of the assumed characteristics of the thoracic region in hominoids and Ateles. Strong caudal obliquity keeps the scapula of the weight-bearing forelimb on the dorsal surface of the trunk via the serratus anterior muscles during propulsion (Stern et al. 1980).

Arabidopsis NF-YB subunits LEC1 and LEC1-LIKE activate transcription by interacting with seed-specific ABRE-binding factors.

LEAFY COTYLEDON 1 (LEC1) plays vital roles in the regulation of seed maturation in Arabidopsis. LEC1 encodes a homolog of yeast HAP3 or mammalian NF-YB/CBF-A subunit of trimeric CCAAT binding factor (CBF). Among the nine paralogs of NF-YB in Arabidopsis, LEC1-LIKE (L1L) is most closely related to LEC1, and can complement the lec1 mutation when expressed under the control of the LEC1 promoter.

Single-mode fiber with a plano-convex silicon microlens for an integrated butt-coupling scheme.

A single-mode fiber with plano-convex silicon microlens is proposed for butt-coupling between single-mode fibers and high-index-contrast waveguides with fine mode-field diameter. The lensed fiber has two specific features, high focusing power, and null working distance. The theoretical focus-spot diameter at the endface of the lensed fiber is calculated to be as small as 0.

[Multiple pulmonary arteriovenous malformations associated with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia].

A 61-year old asymptomatic woman was admitted to our hospital for the examination of an abnormal shadow in the left lower lung lobe in 1978. Enhanced chest computed tomograms and pulmonary arteriograms revealed a pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) composed of feeding artery and draining vein. The patient had suffered brain abscesses 3 times because of paradoxical emboli from PAVMs.

Morphological study of the anthropoid thoracic cage: scaling of thoracic width and an analysis of rib curvature.

While a relatively broad thorax and strongly curved ribs are widely regarded as common features of living hominoids, few studies have quantitatively examined these traits by methods other than calculating the chest index. The present study aims to quantify variations in thoracic cage morphology for living anthropoids. The odd-numbered ribs (first to eleventh) were articulated with the corresponding vertebrae and the cranial and lateral views subsequently photographed.

CD30+ large cell transformation of mycosis fungoides after psoralen plus ultraviolet A photochemotherapy.

Psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) photochemotherapy is widely used for the therapy of mycosis fungoides (MF). Clinical progression of MF is often associated with an increase in the size of tumour cells known as transformation. We report two patients with CD30+ large cell transformation that appeared after low-dose PUVA therapy for MF.