Ruthenibacterium lactatiformans gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic, lactate-producing member of the family Ruminococcaceae isolated from human faeces.

Two novel strains of Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, obligately anaerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile bacteria were isolated from the faeces of healthy human subjects. The strains, designated as 585-1T and 668, were characterized by mesophilic fermentative metabolism, production of d-lactic acid, succinic acid and acetic acid as end products of d-glucose fermentation, prevalence of C18 : 1ω9, C18 : 1ω9 aldehyde, C16 : 0 and C16 : 1ω7c fatty acids, presence of glycine, glutamic acid, lysine, alanine and aspartic acid in the petidoglycan peptide moiety and lack of respiratory quinones. Whole genome sequencing revealed the DNA G+C content was 56.

[Species Diversity of Bifidobacteria in the Intestinal Microbiota Studied Using MALDI-TOF Mass-Spectrometry].

Background: The members of genus Bifidobacterium represent a significant part of intestinal microbiota in adults and predominate in infants. Species repertoire of the intestinal bifidobacteria is known to be subjected to major changes with age; however, many details of this process are still to be elucidated.

Objective: Our aim was to study the diversity of intestinal bifidobacteria and changes of their qualitative and quantitative composition characteristics during the process of growing up using MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometric analysis ofpure bacterial cultures.

Alistipes inops sp. nov. and Coprobacter secundus sp. nov., isolated from human faeces.

Culture-based study of the faecal microbiome in two adult female subjects revealed the presence of two obligately anaerobic, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, non-motile, Gram-negative bacterial strains that represent novel species. The first strain, designated 627T, was a fastidious, slow-growing, indole-positive bacterium with a non-fermentative type of metabolism.The strain was characterized by the production of acetic and succinic acids as metabolic end products, the prevalence of iso-C15 : 0 fatty acid and the presence of menaquinones MK-10 and MK-11.

Intraspecies Genomic Diversity and Long-Term Persistence of Bifidobacterium longum.

Members of genus Bifidobacterium are Gram-positive bacteria, representing a large part of the human infant microbiota and moderately common in adults. However, our knowledge about their diversity, intraspecific phylogeny and long-term persistence in humans is still limited. Bifidobacterium longum is generally considered to be the most common and prevalent species in the intestinal microbiota.

Draft Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus fermentum NB-22.

We announce here a draft genome sequence of Lactobacillus fermentum NB-22, a strain isolated from human vaginal microbiota. The assembled sequence consists of 190 contigs, joined into 137 scaffolds, and the total size is 2.01 Mb.

Production of biologically active scFv and VHH antibody fragments in Bifidobacterium longum.

Bifidobacteria constitute a significant part of healthy intestinal microbiota in adults and infants and present a promising platform for construction of genetically modified probiotic agents for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. In this study, three strains of Bifidobacterium longum were constructed that express and secrete biologically active single-chain antibodies against human TNF-α and Clostridium difficile exotoxin A. Anti-TNF-α scFv antibody D2E7 was produced at the level of 25 μg L(-1) in broth culture and was mostly retained in the cytoplasm, while VHH-type antibodies A20.

[Sensitivity of corynebacterium diphtheriae strains to antibacterial preparations].

Aim: Study the prevalence and mechanisms of resistance in circulating C. diphtheriae strains.

Materials And Methods: 664 C.

Draft Genome Sequence of Coprobacter fastidiosus NSB1T.

Coprobacter fastidiosus is a Gram-negative obligate anaerobic bacterium belonging to the phylum Bacteroidetes. In this work, we report the draft genome sequence of C. fastidiosus strain NSB1(T) isolated from human infant feces.

Coprobacter fastidiosus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Porphyromonadaceae isolated from infant faeces.

A novel obligately anaerobic, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, non-motile Gram-reaction-negative bacterium was isolated from infant faeces. The strain, designated NSB1(T), was able to grow on rich media at 30-37 °C, in the presence of up to 2 % (w/v) Oxgall and 2 % (w/v) NaCl. Cells of strain NSB1(T) produced catalase, but not urease and indole.

Bifidobacterium longum modified recombinant HU protein as a vector for nonviral delivery of DNA to HEK293 human cell culture.

Creation of effective nontoxic highly specific systems for nonviral transportation of DNA is one of the priority problems in the development of genotherapeutic methods. Chimerical recombinant proteins consisting of Antp and Tat protein cell-penetrating domains and Bifidobacterium longum DNA-binding histone-like protein HU were obtained. The resultant recombinant proteins bind to plasmid DNA in vitro and provide intracellular delivery and expression of the reporter genetic construction with GFP gene in cultured HEK293 human cells.

Species composition of Bacteroidales order bacteria in the feces of healthy people of various ages.

A study of species distribution of numerically predominant Bacteroidales order isolates in feces of healthy people aged 1-33 years was accomplished using a combination of amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) and 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequencing. It was found that the majority of isolates in all age groups belonged to species B. xylanisolvens, B.

Anti-inflammatory properties of intestinal Bifidobacterium strains isolated from healthy infants.

Certain Bifidobacterium strains have been shown to inhibit inflammatory responses in intestinal epithelial cells. However, the precise mechanisms of these effects, including the chemical nature of the active compounds, remain to be elucidated. Here partial characterization of the anti-inflammatory properties of Bifidobacterium strains isolated from feces of healthy infants is reported.

Molecular genetic study of species and strain variability in bifidobacteria population in intestinal microflora of breast-fed infants and their mothers.

Qualitative and quantitative composition of enteric bifidoflora was studied in a group of 13 mother-infant pairs. Pure cultures of Bifidobacterium strains were isolated from feces and their species were identified by PCR with species-specific primers or by partial sequencing of 16S rDNA. The strains were compared by REP-PCR.

Relationship between suppression of E6 and E7 virus oncogenes and expression of apoptosis and cell cycle genes in cervical cancer culture.

The effects of short interfering RNA suppressing the expression of E6 and E7 human papilloma virus (type 18) on the expression of apoptosis and cell cycle genes were studied in HeLa cells. Changes in the transcription profiles were evaluated using DNA microarray and real-time reverse-transcription PCR. Cell transfection with anti-E6 and anti-E7 short interfering RNA moderately reduced the expression of mRNA for CDC25C, GRB2, GTSE1, and PLK1 genes and induced expression of CDKN1A (p21(CIP)) gene mRNA.

Heterologous expression of secreted biologically active human interleukin-10 in Bifidobacterium breve.

Construction of Bifidobacterium breve capable of production of secreted biologically active human interleukin-10 (hIL-10) is described. ORF coding for full-length mature human interleukin-10 was cloned into a series of expression vectors. This resulted in generation of translational fusions between hIL-10 and signal peptides sequences derived from Bifidobacterium breve genes sec2, apuB and B.

[Molecular mechanisms of induction of innate immunity].

Cellular and molecular mechanisms of congenital immunity at different levels are discussed including single cell expression patterns and intracellular localization of individual TLR, the use of adapter molecules for generation of activation signals in response to microbial and non-microbial pathogens, soluble trap receptors, and intracellular negative regulators.

Search for protein adhesin gene in Bifidobacterium longum genome using surface phage display technology.

A fragment of the nucleotide sequence encoding polypeptide binding to HT-29 epithelial cells was cloned from VMKB44 Bifidobacterium longum genome library using surface phage display technology. Sequencing of this polypeptide consisting of 26 amino acid residues showed that it is an extracellular fragment of a large BL0155 transmembrane protein belonging to the ABC transport protein superfamily. The genes encoding homologues of this protein were detected in genomes of not only bifidobacteria of different species, but also in many other enteric commencals and pathogens.

[Expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene of Aequorea victoria [correction of Aequoria victoria] in Lactobacillus plantarum bacterium ].

Results of development of shuttle expressing plasmid vector Escherichia coli-Lactobacillus which allowed high level expression of heterologous genes in lactobacilli are represented. Vector pTRKH2 which is able to replicate in E. coli and in wide range of Gram-positive bacteria was used as the base.

Characterization of plasmids from human infant Bifidobacterium strains: sequence analysis and construction of E. coli-Bifidobacterium shuttle vectors.

A survey of infant fecal Bifidobacterium isolates for plasmid DNA revealed that a significant portion of the strains, 17.6%, carry small plasmids. The majority of plasmid-harboring strains belonged to the Bifidobacterium longum/infantis group.

Production of human basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) in Bifidobacterium breve using a series of novel expression/secretion vectors.

Four E. coli-Bifidobacterium shuttle vectors were constructed using Bifidobacterium plasmids, pB44 and pB80. The vectors carry two bifidobacterial promoters, a signal peptide-encoding sequence, sec2, of Bifidobacterium breve, and a transcriptional terminator from hup gene of Bifidobacterium longum.

[Bifidobacterial plasmids and their application to genetic engineering].

Representatives of Bifidobacterium genus are considered to play many important roles in intestinal homeostasis. On the other hand, their molecular biology and genetics have been poorly studied. In order to broaden our understanding of their health-promoting mechanisms, it is extremely important to possess tools to manipulate them genetically.

Application of several molecular techniques to study numerically predominant Bifidobacterium spp. and Bacteroidales order strains in the feces of healthy children.

Bifidobacteria and Bacteroides-like bacteria are strictly anaerobic nonpathogenic members of human intestinal microflora. Here we describe an analysis of the species and subspecies composition of these bacterial populations in healthy children using a combination of culture and molecular methods at two different time points. It was found that B.

[The role and biological significance of toll-like receptors in the anti-infectious resistance of the organism].

Modem conceptions of the role of toll-like receptors (TLR) in the innante immunity mechanisms realization and data on the interaction between TLR and pattern-associated molecular proteins of microbial or endogenic origin are presented in the review.

[Chronic heart failure: structural and microbiological changes in the colon].

Aim: To study microbiocenosis of the parietal layer of the colon and feces, concentrations of endotoxin and proinflammatory cytokines in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) of different functional classes vs. healthy subjects of the same age.

Material And Methods: The trial includes 37 patients with ischemic CHF and 13 healthy volunteers.