A carnitine transporter at the blood-brain barrier modulates sleep via glial lipid metabolism in .

To regulate brain function, peripheral compounds must traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB), an interface between the brain and the circulatory system. To determine whether specific transport mechanisms are relevant for sleep, we conducted a BBB-specific inducible RNAi knockdown (iKD) screen for genes affecting sleep in . We observed reduced sleep with knockdown of solute carrier , a carnitine transporter, as determined by isotope flux.

Outcomes Research in Vulnerable Pediatric Populations.

The Pediatric Anesthesia and Neurodevelopment Assessment (PANDA) study team held its biennial symposium in April 2018 to discuss issues on anesthetic neurotoxicity in the developing brain. One of the sessions invited speakers with different areas of expertise to discuss "Outcomes Research in Vulnerable Pediatric Populations." The vulnerable populations included neonates, children with congenital heart disease, children from low socioeconomic status, and children with incarcerated parents.

Identification of perioperative pulmonary aspiration in children using quality assurance and hospital administrative billing data.

Background: Perioperative aspiration is a rare but potentially devastating complication, occurring in 1-10 per 10 000 anesthetics based on studies of quality assurance databases. Quality assurance reporting is known to underestimate the incidence of adverse outcomes, but few large studies use supplementary data sources. This study aims to identify the incidence of and risk factors for perioperative aspiration in children using quality assurance data supplemented by administrative billing records, and to examine the utility of billing data as a supplementary data source.

Development of a pH indicator composed of high moisture-absorbing materials for real-time monitoring of chicken breast freshness.

A colorimetric bromocresol purple dye-based pH-responsive indicator was developed to monitor the quality of chicken breast meat by direct surface contact. To prevent direct contact of the dye with the chicken breast and to improve its color change sensitivity, it was immobilized with polyvinyl alcohol and a high-absorbance material. The color of the pH indicator changes from yellow to blue and finally purple to indicate spoilage, which can be easily detected by the naked eye.