Development of obesity from childhood to adolescents.

Introduction: Obesity is a major health problem in Poland and around the world. Excessive gain in early childhood is an important risk factor for the development of obesity. The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence of obesity in 2-, 4- and 6-year-old obese children.

Evaluation of glucose metabolism in children with growth hormone deficiency during long-term growth hormone treatment.

Growth hormone (GH) affects carbohydrate metabolism through direct negative effect on insulin sensitivity and indirectly, via insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which exerts positive insulin-mimetic action. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the influence of long-term GH treatment on glucose homeostasis in 118 children with isolated idiopathic GH deficiency (GHD). Based on this analysis we wanted to determine the usefulness of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and parameters derived from the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in the monitoring of disturbed glucose metabolism during GH treatment and to assess the value of IGF-1 in prediction of those changes.

Serum protease inhibitor concentrations and total antitrypsin activity in diabetic and non-diabetic children during adolescence.

The aim of the study was the assessment of the concentrations and establishment of mutual relationships between three main protease inhibitors: alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), alpha-2-macroglobulin (alpha-2-M) and antithrombin-III (AT-III), and of the total trypsin inhibitory capacity (TIC) in the serum of diabetic and non-diabetic children during adolescence. Forty-nine children (24 girls and 25 boys) with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 24 non-diabetic children (13 girls and 11 boys) were divided according to the Tanner scale into three groups: pre-, peri- and post-pubertal. The concentrations of AAT, alpha-2-M and AT-III were determined by the radial immunodiffusion method on NOR-Partigen plates (Dade-Behring), while TIC was determined by the method using BAPNA as substrate.

[Assesment of the selected T and B lymphocyte subsets in children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus].

The study was performed in 39 children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The %age number of CD19+, CD5+/CD20+ B lymphocytes and CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/DR+, CD8+/DR+ T lymphocytes subpopulations were investigated in the peripheral blood. Marked, statistically significant increase (p<0.

Changes in lymphocyte subsets in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to assess changes in selected peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in children and adolescents with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) and determine the correlation between these changes and other immunological markers. The study involved a group of 39 patients aged 2-14 years and a control group. The number of T- and B-lymphocytes and the number of CD4, CD8, CD4/HLA-DR, CD8/HLA-DR, CD5/CD20 subsets were measured by flow-cytometry using monoclonal antibodies.