Anticancer Potential of Pyridoxine-Based Doxorubicin Derivatives: An In Vitro Study.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a prevalent anticancer agent; however, it is unfortunately characterized by high cardiotoxicity, myelosuppression, and multiple other side effects. To overcome DOX limitations, two novel pyridoxine-derived doxorubicin derivatives were synthesized (DOX-1 and DOX-2). In the present study, their antitumor activity and mechanism of action were investigated.

Ethnicity-specific BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, and ATM pathogenic alleles in breast and ovarian cancer patients from the North Caucasus.

Background: Mountain areas of the North Caucasus host several large ethnic communities that have preserved their national identity over the centuries.

Methods: This study involved high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and breast cancer (BC) patients from Dagestan (HGSOC: 37; BC: 198), Kabardino-Balkaria (HGSOC: 68; BC: 155), North Ossetia (HGSOC: 51; BC: 104), Chechnya (HGSOC: 68; BC: 79), Ingushetia (HGSOC: 19; BC: 103), Karachay-Cherkessia (HGSOC: 13; BC: 47), and several Armenian settlements (HGSOC: 16; BC: 101). The group of BC patients was enriched by young-onset and/or family history-positive and/or bilateral and/or receptor triple-negative cases.

What Elevation Makes 2.5D Prints Perceptually Natural?

Elevation plays a considerable role in naturalness perception of 2.5D prints. The necessary level of elevation to make 2.

Effect of Elevation and Surface Roughness on Naturalness Perception of 2.5D Decor Prints.

Naturalness is a complex concept. It can involve a variety of attributes. In this work, we considered the effect of elevation and surface roughness on naturalness perception of 2.

A very rare case of splenosis and acquired chronic non-cirrhotic portal vein thrombosis with cavernous transformation.

We present a clinical case of a young woman who underwent splenectomy for thrombocytopenic splenomegaly at the age of 7 years. An acute diagnostic picture of splenosis of the left epigastric region and chronic non-cirrhotic portal vein thrombosis with cavernous transformation was found 20 years later.

Microfluidic Organ-on-a-Chip Devices for Liver Disease Modeling In Vitro.

Mortality from liver disease conditions continues to be very high. As liver diseases manifest and progress silently, prompt measures after diagnosis are essential in the treatment of these conditions. Microfluidic organs-on-chip platforms have significant potential for the study of the pathophysiology of liver diseases in vitro.

Use of B-complex vitamins and olfactory training for treating COVID-19-related anosmia.

A 42-year-old male patient was diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019. His symptoms improved 2 weeks after lopinavir therapy (800 mg/day). However, he was subsequently diagnosed with complete anosmia.

CT patterns and differential criteria for acute eosinophilic pneumonia and COVID-19 pneumonia.

Difficulties encountered in diagnosing and treating COVID-19 pneumonia and acute eosinophilic pneumonia during the pandemic from 2019 to 2021 led to the identification and study of the differential features of the two conditions.

Mirror writing in a patient with frontal lobe epilepsy.

During the postictal period, the left cerebral hemisphere was affected by the seizures, and consecutive epileptiform discharges and disinhibition of the right cerebral hemisphere could have occurred, which may explain the observed behavior.

[Immune status in hiv-infected patients with candidosis].

In order to identify changes in immune status in patients with HIV infection in combination with candidosis, 52 adult patients were investigated who were divided into three groups: HIV-positives with candidosis (n=22), HIV positives without concomitant disease (n=10) and control group (n=20). Immunological investigations included immunophenotyping of lymphocytes, assessment of activity of phagocytosis by NBT test, measuring levels of immunoglobulins and circulating immune complexes in the serum. It was shown that the reduction of the absolute numbers of CD3 + and CD4 + lymphocytes is accompanied by the disturbances in humoral immunity, which are expressed by the hyperproduction of IgG, IgM, IgA antibodies.

Comparative analysis of interferon and antiviral protein messenger RNAs.

A comparative analysis of interferon and antiviral protein messenger RNAs was carried out. Differences in their biological activities and sedimentation coefficients were found. In RNA preparations from superinduced cells (cells treated with poly(I).

[Increase in the antiviral resistance of cells after treating them with messenger RNA for antiviral protein].

The authors studied antiviral resistance of murine cells L-929 following single introduction into them of homologous and heterologous informative RNA preparations for antiviral protein (i-RNA-AVP). As shown, in using homologous i-RVA-AVP preparations suppression of the virus production constituted 90--93%, and was stably traced in cell passage in the course of 1 1/2 months (observation period). Following cell contact with heterologous i-RNA-AVP preparations suppression the first 6 passages of the virus production constituted about 90%, rising by the 16th passage to 99.

[Interferonogenic and antiviral activity of the double-stranded replicative form of phage f2 RNA in tissue culture and on animals].

Biological activity of a new natural interferon inductor, the replicative RNA form of phage f2 (RFf2) was studied. A possibility of using RFf2 for production of highly active interferon under conditions of superinduction providing an increase in the interferon yield by to 256--512 times as compared to the control samples was shown. The protective interferonogenic and antiviral effect of RFf2 in mice infected with Semliki forest virus (SFV) and tickborne encephalitis virus (TBEV) was studied on administration of the inductor by various routes.

[Superinduction of interferon and and a study of its messenger RNA].

Combined use of interferon inductor poly-IC and antibiotics (cycloheximide and actinomycin D) provided a significant increase (up to 1000 times) in interferon production by chick, mouse, monkey and human cells. Messenger RNA with matrix activity for interferon (mRNA-IF) was isolated from superinduced cells. On translation of mRNA-IF in homogenous and heterogenous cells the specificity of interferons produced was determined by the type of the cells from which mRNA-IF was isolated.

[Isolation of the mRNA for interferon and its integration into the genome of a foreign host].

The study of superinduction and translation of interferon mRNA (mRNA-IF) in four cell systems was the experimental basis for tests on the establishment in mouse and monkey cells (L-1210 and BSC) of the capacity for long-term production of biologically active chicken interferon after their inoculation with chicken mRNA-IF. The interferon was tested and identified by the species-specificity, thermostability and antigenic specificity. During 3 months (the observation period) after a single inoculation of chicken mRNA-IF the L-1210 and BSC cells in response to induction with poly: C produced the homologous (mouse or monkey) and heterologous (chicken) interferons without any signs of decline of the latter's production.

[Antiviral activity of a poly A-poly U complex administered by various routes].

Interferon-inducing and antiviral activity of a synthetic polyribonucleotide, polyaenylic and polyuridylic acid complex (poly A--poly U) was studied comparatively on a model of experimental infection of albino mice caused by Venezuela Horse Encephalomyeliti Viruos (VHEV) using oral and intraperitoneal administration of the complex. It was shown that dm-interferon induction and antiviral effect comparatively high doses of poly A--poly U (Reanal) were required (1 mg/mouse). The highest antiviral effect was observed after a two-fold administration of the drug (24 hours and immediately before infection).