The Combined Delivery of the , , and Genes Stimulates Angiogenesis and Improves Post-Ischemic Innervation and Regeneration in Skeletal Muscle.

In this study, the effects of different combinations of the genes , , and injected both using direct virus-mediated injection (adenovirus, Ad5) and umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UCBCs) on the processes of stimulation of post-ischemic innervation, angiogenesis, and regeneration in skeletal muscle were investigated in a rat hindlimb chronic ischemia model. It was shown that more pronounced stimulation of angiogenesis and restoration of post-ischemic innervation were achieved both in the early (28 days post-ischemia, dpi) and late (42 dpi) terms of the experiment in the calf muscle when UCBCs delivered the combination of Ad5- and Ad5- compared to the direct injection of the same vector combination into the area of ischemia. At the same time, the inclusion of Ad5- in the combination of Ad5- and Ad5- directly injected or administered by UCBCs provided a significant increase in the number of centronuclear muscle fibers, indicating stimulation of post-ischemic reparative myogenesis.

Quality of Electronic TB Register Data Compared with Paper-Based Records in the Kyrgyz Republic.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of an electronic system for managing individuals with drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis in the Kyrgyz Republic. This cohort study used programmatic data. The study included people registered on the paper-based system in 2019 and 302 people registered on both the electronic and the paper-based systems between June 2021 and May 2022.

Discharge Outcomes of Severely Sick Patients Hospitalized with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Comorbidities, and Serious Adverse Events in Kyrgyz Republic, 2020-2022.

Patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) who have comorbidities, complications, and experience serious adverse events (SAEs) are at substantial risk of having unfavorable hospital outcomes. We assessed characteristics and discharge outcomes of 138 MDR-TB patients hospitalized in the National Referral Center of Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, from January 2020 to August 2022. The main clinical characteristics included pulmonary complications (23%), malnutrition (33%), severe anemia (17%), diabetes mellitus (13%), viral hepatitis B and C (5%), and HIV infection (3%).

Contact Tracing and Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy for Household Child Contacts of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in the Kyrgyz Republic: How Well Are We Doing?

Early identification, screening and investigation for tuberculosis (TB), and provision of TB preventive therapy (TPT), reduces risk of TB among child household contacts of pulmonary TB patients (index patients). A cohort study was conducted to describe the care cascade and timeliness of contact tracing and TPT initiation among child household contacts (aged < 15 years) of index patients initiated on TB treatment in Bishkek, the Kyrgyz Republic during October 2021-September 2022. In the register, information on the number of child household contacts was available for 153 (18%) of 873 index patients.

Associations of the Lipidome with Ageing, Cognitive Decline and Exercise Behaviours.

One of the most recognisable features of ageing is a decline in brain health and cognitive dysfunction, which is associated with perturbations to regular lipid homeostasis. Although ageing is the largest risk factor for several neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia, a loss in cognitive function is commonly observed in adults over the age of 65. Despite the prevalence of normal age-related cognitive decline, there is a lack of effective methods to improve the health of the ageing brain.

New experimental model of hind limb ischemia in pot-bellied pigs.

Background: The simulation of limb ischemia in large laboratory animals is a complex and currently topical task in experimental medicine. Meanwhile, there is a demand for a reliable and effective model of limb ischemia for further testing of medicines to stimulate circulation and induce angiogenesis, gene medicines in particular. Aim of this study was to develop and experimentally test an effective method of simulation of hind limb ischemia.

The effects of Nrf2 deletion on placental morphology and exchange capacity in the mouse.

Objectives: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is defined as a pathological decreased fetal growth. Oxidative stress has been connected to the restriction in the fetal growth. The transcription factor nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a potent activator of the cellular antioxidant response.

Impaired Fracture Healing after Hemorrhagic Shock.

Impaired fracture healing can occur in severely injured patients with hemorrhagic shock due to decreased soft tissue perfusion after trauma. We investigated the effects of fracture healing in a standardized pressure controlled hemorrhagic shock model in mice, to test the hypothesis that bleeding is relevant in the bone healing response. Male C57/BL6 mice were subjected to a closed femoral shaft fracture stabilized by intramedullary nailing.

[The intensity of expression of matrix metalloproteinases type 2 and type 9 by invasive trophoblast cells in uncomplicated pregnancy and preeclampsia].

Objective: To estimate the intensity of immunoexpression of matrix metalloproteinases type 2 and type 9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9) during cytotrophoblast invasion (CTI) in the uteroplacental region.

Materials And Methods: There were 6 groups: 1) medical abortions at 7 to 8 weeks' gestation; 2) amputated uteri at 9 to 12 weeks; 3) late medical abortions at 18 to 24 weeks' gestation and amputated uteri at 25 weeks; 4) amputated uteri and biopsies of the placental bed, performed during cesarean section at 38-40 weeks. Two more groups included biopsies from women with preeclampsia: biopsy at 28-33 weeks (Group 5) and 34-38 weeks (Group 6).

Enoxaparin prevents steroid-related avascular necrosis of the femoral head.

Nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head is still a challenging problem in orthopedic surgery. It is responsible for 10% of the 500,000 hip replacement surgeries in the USA and affects relatively young, active patients in particular. Main reasons for nontraumatic osteonecrosis are glucocorticoid use, alcoholism, thrombophilia, and hypofibrinolysis (Glueck et al.

A possible protective role of Nrf2 in preeclampsia.

Excess release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a major cause of oxidative stress. This disturbance has been implicated as a cause of preeclampsia, a pregnancy-related disorder characterized by hypertension and proteinuria. Increased oxidative stress leads to trophoblast apoptosis/necrosis and alters the balance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors, resulting in generalized maternal endothelial dysfunction.

[Maternal-placental interactions and fetal programming].

Pregnancy-related complications not only represent a risk for maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, but are also a risk for several diseases later in life. Many epidemiological studies have shown clear associations between an adverse intrauterine environment and an increased risk of diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, depression, obesity, and other chronic diseases in the adult. Some of these syndromes could be prevented by avoiding adverse stimuli or insults including psychological stress during pregnancy, intake of drugs, insufficient diet and substandard working conditions.

PP019. A new player in preeclampsia: The NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2).

Introduction: Preeclampsia PE is characterized by diminished antioxidant capacity. These enzymes are mainly regulated via the transcription factor Nrf2.

Objectives: PE is associated with an increase in Nrf2 activity.

[Morphofunctional analysis of the efficiency of keratoplasty in the treatment of keratomycosis].

Background: Keratoplastic surgery is an efficient treatment for serious keratomycosis, therefore these should be applied more often. The keratomycosis (mycotical keratitis) is a rare, but severe illness of the eye, since it is discovered often in a late stage and is challenging to cure. In these cases the accurately timed keratoplasty is very helpful.

A role for Nrf2 in redox signalling of the invasive extravillous trophoblast in severe early onset IUGR associated with preeclampsia.

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized by increased lipid oxidation and diminished antioxidant capacity, while intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is characterized by impaired invasion of the extravillous trophoblast. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been reported to be altered in preeclampsia. A relationship between VEGF and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) has been shown in vitro, where VEGF prevents oxidative damage via activation of the Nrf2 pathway.

PP119. The role of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in preeclampsia.

Introduction: Preeclampsia is a multi-organ syndrome characterized by maternal endothelial damage, is an independent long-term risk factor for hypertension and cardiovascular disease.

Objectives: In animal models the administration of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) could reverse the hypertensive signs accompanying this disease. In addition VEGF is implicated in placental oxidative stress during preeclampsia.

PP015. Differential expression of Nrf2 and VEGF in human placental beds from normal and pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia and IUGR.

Introduction: Impaired trophoblast invasion into the uteroplacental arteries is accompanied with an evidence of oxidative stress in the extravillous trophoblast in preeclampsia complicated with IUGR.

Objectives: Preeclampsia is characterised by increased lipid oxidation and diminished antioxidant capacity; recently, we have shown that PE is associated with an increased expression of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in villous cytotrophoblast. A possible relationship between the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Nrf2 was established in vitro and the activation of Nrf2 pathway could lead to upregulation of VEGF synthesis through the induction of Nrf2-dependent Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1).

Lipopolysaccharide-induced chorioamnionitis is confined to one amniotic compartment in twin pregnant sheep.

Background: Chorioamnionitis is a major risk factor for preterm birth in multifetal pregnancies. However, there is little clinical data whether chorioamnionitis is restricted to one amniotic compartment in multifetal pregnancies.

Objective: To explore whether chorioamnionitis is confined to the exposed compartment and does not cross to the unaffected fetus in twin pregnancy.

Impact of Nrf2 on esophagus epithelium cornification.

Background: Nrf2 is a transcription factor that is known to maintain cellular defense against the toxicity of electrophiles and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Methods: We show an effect of Nrf2 deficiency on the histology of the esophagus of Nrf2 knockout mice.

Results: Quantitative analysis of esophageal cornification via hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining revealed significantly (P=0.

Nitrate patch prevents steroid-related bone necrosis.

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head is a common complication with disabling effect for young patients after high-dose corticosteroid treatment. We could show that steroids have a vasoconstrictive effect on lateral epiphyseal arteries of the femoral head which could lead to ischemia and subsequent necrosis. In this study we investigated the preventive effect of a nitrate patch on steroid-related bone necrosis in a rabbit model.

Forskolin-induced differentiation of BeWo cells stimulates increased tumor growth in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of the turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) egg.

Invasiveness of BeWo cells has been assessed in a variety of assay systems including matrigel and mouse. At the same time BeWo cells are mostly used as model system for trophoblast fusion. Here we aimed to test the properties of BeWo cells in a combined approach.

Role of a fetal defence mechanism against oxidative stress in the aetiology of preeclampsia.

Aims: Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress may play a key role in the aetiology of preeclampsia (PE). The aim of this study was to elucidate the placental defence mechanisms employed against oxidative stress and, in particular, the specific role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2).

Methods And Results: Expression of Nrf2 in third-trimester placental tissue was compared in preeclamptic and normal gestation-matched controls.

Proliferative responses in the placenta after endotoxin exposure in preterm fetal sheep.

Objectives: Antenatal infections are associated with an increased risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Systemic application of endotoxins to the fetus results in an increase in placental vascular resistance and chronic reduction in umbilical blood flow. We studied morphological alterations of the placenta in response to fetal inflammation in the preterm sheep.

Caviomorph placentation as a model for trophoblast invasion.

The guinea pig and its relatives are promising candidates as animal models for studying trophoblast invasion. The origin, migration routes and kinetics of invasive trophoblast cells were examined in two caviomorph species. Histology and immunohistochemistry were done on placentas from 38 guinea pigs of days 20-47 and 13 degus of days 25-51 of gestation.