Association of bisphenol A with 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)D levels and 1,25(OH)2D/25(OH)D ratio in cord blood.

The aim was to investigate the association between bisphenol A (BPA), 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D], and 1α,25 dihydroxy vitamin D [1,25(OH)D] levels in the cord blood of newborn babies. BPA was measured by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and vitamin D levels by commercial ELISA or ECLIA kits. BPA and Vitamin D levels were grouped according to tertile values.

Environmental risk perception of mothers and presence of risk factors in rural and urban areas in Adana, Turkey.

This cross-sectional study with an open-ended manner aimed (1) to evaluate the environmental risk perception levels of mothers having at least one child and living in Adana and (2) to determine their awareness of the risk factors in their environment. Of mothers, 30.2% did not know the concept of environmental risk factor.

Video game playing among preschoolers: prevalence and home environment in three provinces from Turkey.

We aimed to investigate the video game habits and their relationship with home environment in children 2-5 years in Turkey. A structured questionnaire about the child's demographic, screen, and video gaming characteristics was completed by parents in five health centers from three provinces. One-quarter of 1245 preschoolers were found to play video games.

Urinary bisphenol A levels in prepubertal children with exogenous obesity according to presence of metabolic syndrome.

Objectives: Recent studies have shown a potential link between chronic exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) and exogenous obesity, the prevalence of which has been increasing dramatically in all age groups and particularly among children in the last decades. In this study, we aimed at comparing BPA exposure levels between controls and otherwise healthy, drug-naive, pre-pubertal children having exogenous obesity with/without metabolic syndrome.

Methods: A total of 63 pre-pubertal children with exogenous obesity whom 27 of them having metabolic syndrome attending Hacettepe University Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital were included in this study.

Validity Analysis on the Findings of Dehydration in 2 to 24-Month-Old Children With Acute Diarrhea.

Objective: The most common cause of diarrheal mortality in children is dehydration. In this study, we aimed to assess the validity (sensitivity and specificity) of history and the clinical and laboratory findings in in the diagnosis of dehydration in children younger than 2 years with acute diarrhea.

Methods: One hundred twenty-six 2 to 24-month-old children with acute diarrhea, who were admitted to Hacettepe University Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital's Diarrheal Diseases Treatment and Training Unit, were included.

Prenatal bisphenol a and phthalate exposure are risk factors for male reproductive system development and cord blood sex hormone levels.

Bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates can adversely affect the fetal development. However, observational studies on the effects of these chemicals on fetal male reproductive system are still limited. A hundred of umbilical cord blood samples were analyzed for the levels of BPA, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), and sex hormones.

A comparison between the feeding practices of parents and grandparents.

The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare mothers' and grandparents' feeding behaviours, the differences between the behaviours, the relationship between children's feeding problems and grandparents' feeding behaviours, as well as the relationship between grandparents' feeding behaviour and children's body mass index (BMI). This study prompts physicians to pay attention to the on feeding behaviours of grandmothers when evaluating the feeding problems and behaviours of children. This study is a controlled case study.

Urinary bisphenol-A levels in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Bisphenol-A (BPA) is one of the most abundantly produced chemicals globally. Concerns have been raised about BPA's possible role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The main aim of the current study was to evaluate the possible association between BPA exposure and T1DM.

Low zinc levels may contribute to gynecomastia in puberty.

This study aimed to determine whether there were any differences in trace element levels between adolescent boys with gynecomastia and control boys and to determine the correlations between the levels of trace elements and body mass index (BMI) and sex hormones. The pubertal gynecomastia group comprised of 41 patients (mean age=13.2 ±0.

Parents' Attitudes and Adherence to Unintentional Injury Prevention Measures in Ankara, Turkey.

Background: Childhood unintentional injuries are perceived as a leading public health issue since they are one of the preventable causes of paediatric mortality and morbidity. Whether and how parental factors are related to childhood injury has been researched insufficiently.

Aims: To investigate parents' attitudes to preventive measures of unintentional childhood injury, and the parental adherence to these measures.

Plasma phthalate and bisphenol a levels and oxidant-antioxidant status in autistic children.

Phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA) are endocrine disruting chemicals (EDCs) that are suggested to exert neurotoxic effects. This study aimed to determine plasma phthalates and BPA levels along with oxidant/antioxidant status in autistic children [n=51; including 12 children were diagnosed with "Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS)]. Plasma levels of BPA, di (2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) and its main metabolite mono (2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (MEHP); thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and carbonyl groups; erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GPx1), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities and glutathione (GSH) and selenium levels were measured.

Maternal risk factors associated with lead, mercury and cadmium levels in umbilical cord blood, breast milk and newborn hair.

Objective: Lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd) are environmental pollutants that are wide spread throughout the world. The present study aimed to investigate the level of exposure to Pb, Hg and Cd during the prenatal period, and the possible routes of maternal exposure to these toxic heavy metals.

Participants: The study included 123 mothers and their newborns.

Munchausen syndrome by proxy presented as recurrent respiratory arrest and thigh abscess: a case study and overview.

While many physicians are familiar with the sexual or physical abuse of children, there is little awareness about Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSBP). As case reports of MSBP increase, awareness among physicians is thought to increase as well. We thus present herein a 16-month-old girl who admitted to Hacettepe University İhsan Doğramacı Children's Hospital with the complaint of seizure, recurrent apnea and thigh abscess, who was later diagnosed as MSBP.

A community-based iron supplementation program, "Iron-Like Turkey", and the following prevalence of anemia among infants aged 12-23 months.

During the second year of the "Iron-like Turkey" Project, in which all children aged 4-6 months in Turkey receive iron supplementation for 5 months, we aimed to assess the utilization of iron supplementation in the field, as well as the prevalence of anemia in healthy infants aged 12-23 months, while determining a variety of sociodemographic and nutritional factors for anemia in three of the 12 NUTS (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) regions (regions with the highest, lowest and middle under-5 malnutrition levels). In a community-based, cross-sectional survey using a multi-staged, weighted, cluster-selected sample, children aged 12-23 months with birthweight ≥2500 g, no chronic illness, no history of blood disease, and from term and singleton pregnancy were enrolled; 1589 children met the criteria. The mean±SD age of children surveyed was 17.

The analysis of child abuse and neglect cases assessed by a multidisciplinary study group between 2005-2008.

This study aimed to evaluate the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of child abuse and neglect (CAN) cases. Subjects were 102 cases that were clinically assessed by the multidisciplinary hospital team. Early and late childhood cases (according to the age at first abuse) were compared by means of characteristics of abuse.

Salmonella gastroenteritis in children (clinical characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility): comparison of the years 1995-2001 and 2002-2008.

We document herein the prevalence and serotype distribution among Salmonella enterica strains isolated from children treated for diarrhea over two seven-year periods spanning 14 years. Four hundred and eight (1.38%) S.

Family and infant characteristics in relation to age at walking in Turkey.

The purpose of this study was to assess the onset of independent ambulation relative to possible relationships with maternal and infant characteristics. In a cross-sectional study, the health files of 1,553 Turkish children aged 12-23 months were selected by the multistage sampling method in the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) regions coded as low, medium and high malnutrition levels in Turkey. Children were selected from health centers by systematic sampling technique in each region.

Mercury exposure via breast-milk in infants from a suburban area of Ankara, Turkey.

The objective of this study was to evaluate mercury (Hg) levels in breast-milk in the postpartum 2nd month and to determine the relationship between Hg levels and sociodemographic parameters, maternal nutritional habits, presence of dental amalgam, maternal depression, maternal anemia, and growth status of infants. One hundred forty-four mothers residing in a suburban area in Ankara were invited at the 2nd month postpartum. A questionnaire concerning sociodemographic characteristics, vitamin intake during pregnancy and in the 2nd month postpartum, consumption of fish and viscera, smoking habits, and presence of dental fillings was applied.

Clinical characteristics and antibiotic resistance of Shigella gastroenteritis in Ankara, Turkey between 2003 and 2009, and comparison with previous reports.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to define the epidemiological, clinical, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Shigella gastroenteritis cases occurring during the years 2003-2009 and to compare results with those of the years 1987-2002.

Methods: A hospital-based study was conducted over a 22-year period. All 238 Shigella strains isolated between 2003 and 2009 were compared to 618 isolates from the period 1987-1994 and 218 Shigella strains isolated during 1995-2002 with regard to antimicrobial resistance patterns and patient clinical characteristics.

Hepatitis A seroprevalence among infants aged 12 months in Ankara.

Seroprevalence studies in various age groups contribute to a better understanding of hepatitis A infection and response to hepatitis A immunization. Hepatitis A seroprevalence in 12-month-old infants from Ankara was studied. Among 601 healthy infants, overall hepatitis A seropositivity was found to be 23.

Zinc supplementation and TNF-α levels in vaccinated cardiac patients.

Objective: To investigate whether zinc supplementation could affect serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in congenital and acquired cardiac patients attending for an influenza vaccine.

Methods: 9-18 years old, voluntary children with cardiac disease were weighed, measured height and blood samples for hemoglobin level, zinc level, IgA and IgG titers of influenza A and B serotypes and TNF-α levels were obtained. The children were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: ZV group received both zinc supplementation and influenza vaccine; V group received influenza vaccine.

Breast milk lead and cadmium levels from suburban areas of Ankara.

The objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate levels of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in the breast milk at 2 months postpartum, (2) to investigate the relationship between Pb and Cd levels in breast milk and some sociodemographic parameters and (3) to detect whether these levels have any influence on the infant's physical status or on postpartum depression in the mothers. Pb and Cd levels in breast milk were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS). The median breast milk concentrations of Pb and Cd were 20.

Sensitivity and specificity of bloody diarrhea in shigella gastroenteritis.

The sensitivity and specificity of bloody diarrhea in the diagnosis of shigella gastroenteritis in a Shigella sonnei prevalent center was investigated. The shigella-proven gastroenteritis cases who were admitted to Hacettepe University Ihsan Doğramaci Children's Hospital Diarrheal Diseases Unit (Jan 2003 - Oct 2006) constituted the study group (n=65). Age- and sex-matched children admitting to the same center with non-shigella diarrhea constituted the control group (n=65).

Effect of activity and television viewing on BMI z-score in early adolescents in Turkey.

Background: television, computer and other causes of increased inactivity are reported to be among the major causes of obesity. This cross-sectional study was aimed to evaluate the effect of television viewing and other daily activities on body mass index (BMI) z-score of early adolescents.

Methods: a total of 860 students and their parents (581) from different socioeconomic level schools were included.

Why are they having infant colic? A nested case-control study.

We aimed to analyse infant (birth characteristics, feeding type, faecal enzyme activities) and environmental (maternal smoking, nutrition and psychological status, mother-child bonding, family structure, support for the mother, familial atopy) risk factors for infant colic and to follow infants with respect to physical growth, sleeping status up to 8 months of age in a nested case-control study. 660 mothers who delivered at Dr Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Hospital, were enrolled within 3-72 h post delivery. Each infant with inconsolable persistent crying and four matched infants with no crying episodes were invited by phone to Hacettepe University Ihsan Doğramacı Children's Hospital at 30-45 days post partum.