Substance Use During Pregnancy.

Pregnancy is a period of transition with physical changes in the maternal body but also mental and psychological ones. This phase may be accompanied by symptoms of anxiety, depression or irritability, which are part of non-pathological adaptation mechanisms. These symptoms can, however, be intense and constitute real psychiatric syndromes, particularly when the woman presents vulnerability factors.

A simulation study to assess the potential benefits of MRI-based fetal weight estimation as a second-line test for suspected macrosomia.

Objective: To simulate the outcomes of Boulvain's trial by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for estimated fetal weight (EFW) as a second-line confirmatory imaging.

Study Design: Data derived from the Boulvain's trial and the study PREMACRO (PREdict MACROsomia) were used to simulate a 1000-patient trial. Boulvain's trial compared induction of labor (IOL) to expectant management in suspected macrosomia, whereas PREMACRO study compared the performance of ultrasound-EFW (US-EFW) and MRI-EFW in the prediction of birthweight.

Performance of fetal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in predicting birthweight according to the test-to-delivery interval: A cohort study.

Objective: To assess the influence of the test-to-delivery interval (TDI) on the performance of ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for predicting birthweight (BW).

Study Design: This is a secondary analysis of a prospective, single center, blinded cohort study that compared MRI and US for the prediction of BW ≥ 95th percentile in singleton pregnancies. Patients that were included in the initial study underwent US and MRI for estimation of fetal weight between 36 + 0/7 and 36 + 6/7 weeks of gestation (WG).

Reducing macrosomia-related birth complications in primigravid women: ultrasound- and magnetic resonance imaging-based models.

Background: Many complications increase with macrosomia, which is defined as birthweight of ≥4000 g. The ability to estimate when the fetus would exceed 4000 g could help to guide decisions surrounding the optimal timing of delivery. To the best of our knowledge, there is no available tool to perform this estimation independent of the currently available growth charts.

Prediction of large-for-gestational age at 36 weeks' gestation: two-dimensional ultrasound vs three-dimensional ultrasound vs magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: To compare the performance of two-dimensional ultrasound (2D-US), three-dimensional ultrasound (3D-US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 36 weeks' gestation in predicting the delivery of a large-for-gestational-age (LGA) neonate, defined as birth weight ≥ 95 percentile, in patients at high and low risk for macrosomia.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a prospective observational study conducted between January 2017 and February 2019. Women with a singleton pregnancy at 36 weeks' gestation underwent 2D-US, 3D-US and MRI within 15 min for estimation of fetal weight.

The impact of different growth charts on birthweight prediction: obstetrical ultrasound vs magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: The estimation of fetal weight by fetal magnetic resonance imaging is a simple and rapid method with a high sensitivity in predicting birthweight in comparison with ultrasound. Several national and international growth charts are currently in use, but there is substantial heterogeneity among these charts due to variations in the selected populations from which they were derived, in methodologies, and in statistical analysis of data.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the performance of magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound for the prediction of birthweight using 3 commonly used fetal growth charts: the INTERGROWTH-21 Project, World Health Organization, and Fetal Medicine Foundation charts.

Prevalence of and risk factors for failure of fetal magnetic resonance imaging due to maternal claustrophobia or malaise.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of and risk factors for failure of fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to maternal claustrophobia or malaise.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included pregnant women who underwent fetal MRI for clinical indications or research purposes between January 2012 and December 2019 at a single center. One group included patients who completed the entire examination and the other group inlcuded patients who interrupted their MRI examination due to claustrophobia/malaise.

Fetal magnetic resonance imaging at 36 weeks predicts neonatal macrosomia: the PREMACRO study.

Background: Large-for-gestational-age fetuses are at increased risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Magnetic resonance imaging seems to be more accurate than ultrasound in the prediction of macrosomia; however, there is no well-powered study comparing magnetic resonance imaging with ultrasound in routine pregnancies.

Objective: This study aimed to prospectively compare estimates of fetal weight based on 2-dimensional ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging with actual birthweights in routine pregnancies.

Risk factors associated with adverse fetal outcomes in pregnancies affected by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a secondary analysis of the WAPM study on COVID-19.

Objectives To evaluate the strength of association between maternal and pregnancy characteristics and the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnancies with laboratory confirmed COVID-19. Methods Secondary analysis of a multinational, cohort study on all consecutive pregnant women with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from February 1, 2020 to April 30, 2020 from 73 centers from 22 different countries. A confirmed case of COVID-19 was defined as a positive result on real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assay of nasal and pharyngeal swab specimens.

Management of sickle cell disease during pregnancy: experience in a third-level hospital and future recommendations.

Objective: To describe the outcomes of sickle-cell disease in pregnancy according to the different treatments adopted before and during pregnancy and to propose a systematic approach to treat sickle-cell disease (SCD) during pregnancy.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive study compared pregnancy outcomes among women with SCD who stopped hydroxyurea (HU) once pregnant (Group 1), were never treated before and during pregnancy (Group 2) or were treated by HU before conception who received prophylactic transfusion during pregnancy (Group 3). For each group we recorded the population's characteristics and the transfusion-related, obstetrical, perinatal and SCD complications.

Teenage pregnancy in Belgium: protective factors in a migrant population.

Background: Teenage pregnancies occur frequently in developing countries and are associated with social issues, including poverty, lower levels of health and educational attainment. Although frequent in European countries in the 20th century today, teenage pregnancies account for only 4% of first children. These pregnancies are usually unplanned and they are considered a vulnerability factor during the pregnancy and the postnatal period, both for the mother and the child.

The use of magnetic resonance imaging in the prediction of birthweight.

Extremes of fetal growth can increase adverse pregnancy outcomes, and this is equally applicable to single and multiple gestations. Traditionally, these cases have been identified using simple two-dimensional ultrasound which is quite limited by its low precision. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has now been used for many years in obstetrics, mainly as an adjunct to ultrasound for congenital abnormalities and increasingly as part of the post-mortem examination.

Protocol for the prospective observational clinical study: estimation of fetal weight by MRI to PREdict neonatal MACROsomia (PREMACRO study) and small-for-gestational age neonates.

Introduction: Macrosomia refers to growth beyond a specific threshold, regardless of gestational age. These fetuses are also frequently referred to as large for gestational age (LGA). Various cut-offs have been used but for research purposes, a cut-off above the 95th centile for birth weight is often preferred because it defines 90% of the population as normal weight.

Magnetic resonance imaging for prenatal estimation of birthweight in pregnancy: review of available data, techniques, and future perspectives.

Fetuses at the extremes of growth abnormalities carry a risk of perinatal morbidity and death. Their identification traditionally is done by 2-dimensional ultrasound imaging, the performance of which is not always optimal. Magnetic resonance imaging superbly depicts fetal anatomy and anomalies and has contributed largely to the evaluation of high-risk pregnancies.

Prenatal prediction of small-for-gestational age neonates using MR imaging: comparison with conventional 2D ultrasound.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of estimating fetal weight (EFW) using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging as compared with two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound (US) in the prediction of small-for-gestational age neonates (SGA).

Materials And Methods: Written informed consent was obtained for this Ethical Committee approved study. Between March 2011 and May 2016, women with singleton pregnancies underwent US-EFW and MR-EFW within 48 h before delivery.

Comparison of conventional 2D ultrasound to magnetic resonance imaging for prenatal estimation of birthweight in twin pregnancy.

Background: During prenatal follow-up of twin pregnancies, accurate identification of birthweight and birthweight discordance is important to identify the high-risk group and plan perinatal care. Unfortunately, prenatal evaluation of birthweight discordance by 2-dimensional ultrasound has been far from optimal.

Objective: The objective of the study was to prospectively compare estimates of fetal weight based on 2-dimensional ultrasound (ultrasound-estimated fetal weight) and magnetic resonance imaging (magnetic resonance-estimated fetal weight) with actual birthweight in women carrying twin pregnancies.

Admitting or Discharging Patients with Opiate or Alcohol Related Problems? Psychiatrist Uncertainty and Welfare Losses.

Background: Much attention has focused on variations in therapeutic strategies across catchment areas and the related question of whether the differences in attitudes are due to socio-economic variables in the studied population or to physician uncertainty about making a specific therapeutic recommendation.

Subjects And Method: We monitored the emergency admission rate for patients with alcohol or opiate related problems of 9 resident psychiatrists for a year. To rule out differences in population characteristics, the study took place in only one hospital: Brugmann University Hospital, whose catchment area is the north of Brussels.

Repeatability of estimated fetal weight: Comparison between MR imaging versus 2D ultrasound in at- and near-term patients.

Introduction: Our aim was to evaluate the intra- and inter-observer variability and the impact of operator experience on the estimation of fetal weight (EFW) as measured by 2-dimensional ultrasound (2D-US) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Material And Methods: We estimated fetal weight in 46 singleton pregnancies at 35.6-41.

Prenatal prediction of postnatal large-for-dates neonates using a simplified MRI method: comparison with conventional 2D ultrasound estimates.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of a simple semi-automated method for estimation of fetal weight (EFW) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as compared with two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound (US) for the prediction of large-for-dates neonates.

Methods: Data of two groups of women with singleton pregnancy between March 2011 and May 2016 were retrieved from our database and evaluated retrospectively: the first group included women who underwent US-EFW and MRI-EFW within 48 h before delivery and the second group included women who had these evaluations between 35 + 0 weeks and 37 + 6 weeks of gestation, more than 48 h before delivery. US-EFW was based on Hadlock et al.

A Longitudinal Study on Fetal Weight Estimation at Third Trimester of Pregnancy: Comparison of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and 2-D Ultrasound Predictions.

Objective: To prospectively compare magnetic resonance (MR) estimation of fetal weight (MR-EFW) performed at third trimester with ultrasound (US) estimation of fetal weight (US-EFW) and actual birth weight, and to evaluate factors influencing fetal growth rate near term.

Methods: US-EFW and MR-EFW were calculated at a median of 33.0 and 37.

The Use of a Software-Assisted Method to Estimate Fetal Weight at and Near Term Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Objective: The aim of this study was to apply a semi-automated calculation method of fetal body volume and, thus, of magnetic resonance-estimated fetal weight (MR-EFW) prior to planned delivery and to evaluate whether the technique of measurement could be simplified while remaining accurate.

Methods: MR-EFW was calculated using a semi-automated method at 38.6 weeks of gestation in 36 patients and compared to the picture archiving and communication system (PACS).

Teenage pregnancy: a psychopathological risk for mothers and babies?

Introduction: Teen pregnancy remains a public health problem of varying importance in developing and developed countries. There are risks and consequences for teen parents and the child on the medical and socioeconomic level.

Method: We conducted a literature search on multiple databases, focusing on the risk and the consequences of teen pregnancy and childbearing.

Determination of fetal body volume measurement at term with magnetic resonance imaging: effect of various factors.

Purpose: To evaluate various factors that potentially influence the fetal body volume (FBV) measurement using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to analyze whether the technique of measurement could be simplified.

Materials And Methods: In 20 singleton pregnancies scheduled for a planned delivery, FBV measurements were performed by two independent operators on sagittal, axial and coronal planes and with various slice thickness and intersection gap, totalizing 100 examinations. MR estimation of fetal weight (MR-EFW) was calculated based on the equation developed by Baker.

Fetal weight estimation: comparison of two-dimensional US and MR imaging assessments.

Purpose: To prospectively define fetal density in the second half of pregnancy by using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and to compare estimates of fetal weight based on ultrasonography (US) and MR imaging with actual birth weight.

Materials And Methods: Written informed consent was obtained for this ethics committee-approved study. In this cross-sectional study between March 2011 and May 2012, fetal density was calculated as actual birth weight at delivery divided by fetal body volume at MR imaging in 188 fetuses between 20 weeks and 2 days and 42 weeks and 1 day of gestational age.