Development of KCC2 therapeutics to treat neurological disorders.

KCC2 is CNS neuron-specific chloride extruder, essential for the establishment and maintenance of the transmembrane chloride gradient, thereby enabling synaptic inhibition within the CNS. Herein, we highlight KCC2 hypofunction as a fundamental and conserved pathology contributing to neuronal circuit excitation/inhibition (E/I) imbalances that underly epilepsies, chronic pain, neuro-developmental/-traumatic/-degenerative/-psychiatric disorders. Indeed, downstream of both acquired and genetic factors, multiple pathologies (e.

Percolative phase transition in few-layered MoSe field-effect transistors using Co and Cr contacts.

The metal-to-insulator phase transition (MIT) in two-dimensional (2D) materials under the influence of a gating electric field has revealed interesting electronic behavior and the need for a deeper fundamental understanding of electron transport processes, while attracting much interest in the development of next-generation electronic and optoelectronic devices. Although the mechanism of the MIT in 2D semiconductors is a topic under debate in condensed matter physics, our work demonstrates the tunable percolative phase transition in few-layered MoSe field-effect transistors (FETs) using different metallic contact materials. Here, we attempted to understand the MIT through temperature-dependent electronic transport measurements by tuning the carrier density in a MoSe channel under the influence of an applied gate voltage.

Evaluation of Prescription Pattern of Antihypertensives and Its Compliance with Joint National Committee 8 Guidelines in Hospital Setting.

Globally, hypertension is a major noncommunicable disease that contributes to significant fatalities and morbidity. Evaluation of trends in the prescription of antihypertensives and their adherence to the Joint National Commission 8 (JNC 8) recommendations can provide perspective on the dissemination of local and international guidelines in real-world clinical practice. An ambispective observational study was conducted over a duration of 6 months.

COI1-mediated jasmonic acid signalling regulates mycorrhizal colonisation intensity and is an indispensable component of mycorrhiza-induced resistance.

Hormonal signalling plays an elementary role in the regulation of plant-microbe interactions. Jasmonic acid (JA) signalling is one of the major regulators that decides the fate of these interactions in plants. However, the role of JA is not unanimous and varies from neutral to positive or negative regulation.

Molecular phylogenetic and biogeographic evidence of Willd. (Acanthaceae, Barlerieae) focusing on Indian endemics.

Willd., a genus belonging to the Acanthaceae family, is primarily distributed in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, encompassing approximately 153 species. While considerable morphological research has been conducted on , it has not completely dispelled taxonomic ambiguities and conflicting interpretations.

High-Density Capacitive Energy Storage in Low-Dielectric-Constant Polymer PMMA/2D Mica Nanofillers Heterostructure Composite.

The ubiquitous, rising demand for energy storage devices with ultra-high storage capacity and efficiency has drawn tremendous research interest in developing energy storage devices. Dielectric polymers are one of the most suitable materials used to fabricate electrostatic capacitive energy storage devices with thin-film geometry with high power density. In this work, we studied the dielectric properties, electric polarization, and energy density of PMMA/2D Mica nanocomposite capacitors where stratified 2D nanofillers are interfaced between the multiple layers of PMMA thin films using two heterostructure designs of the capacitors, PMMA/2D Mica/PMMA (PMP) and PMMA/2D Mica/PMMA/2D Mica/PMMA (PMPMP).

Emphasizing the need for preconceptional, prenatal genetic counseling and comprehensive genetic testing in consanguinity: challenges and experience.

Preconception and prenatal genetic counseling is a well-established means of risk assessment in many parts of the world, and in recent years, an emerging concept in India. Likelihood of an offspring having autosomal recessive disorder increases based on the degree of consanguinity. Hence, genetic testing of the couple for the identification of carrier status for disease-causing variants is crucial.

Complete chloroplast genome sequence of Artemisia littoricola (Asteraceae) from Dokdo Island Korea: genome structure, phylogenetic analysis, and biogeography study.

The Asteraceae family, particularly the Artemisia genus, presents taxonomic challenges due to limited morphological characteristics and frequent natural hybridization. Molecular tools, such as chloroplast genome analysis, offer solutions for accurate species identification. In this study, we sequenced and annotated the chloroplast genome of Artemisia littoricola sourced from Dokdo Island, employing comparative analyses across six diverse Artemisia species.

The Effect of Ionizing Irradiation on the Autotaxin-Lysophasphatidic Acid Axis and Interleukin-6/8 Secretion in Different Breast Cancer Cell Lines.

Background: The Autotaxin (ATX)-lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) axis is involved in decreasing radiation sensitivity of breast tumor cells. This study aims to further elucidate the effect of irradiation on the ATX-LPA axis and cytokine secretion in different breast cancer cell lines to identify suitable breast cancer subtypes for targeted therapies.

Methods: Different breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 (luminal A), BT-474 (luminal B), SKBR-3 (HER2-positive), MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 (triple-negative)) and the breast epithelial cell line MCF-10A were irradiated.

From computational prediction to experimental validation: Hesperidin's anti-Urolithiatic activity in sodium oxalate-induced urolithiasis models in fruit flies and mice.

Kidney stones have been a long-standing health issue, contributing to renal failure, especially in co-morbid patients. There is an increasing interest in exploring natural compounds with anti-urolithiatic properties. Our study utilized in-silico techniques followed by in vivo experiments to evaluate the anti-urolithiatic potential of selected phytoconstituents.

Osteoinductive potential of graphene and graphene oxide for bone tissue engineering: a comparative study.

Background: Bone defects, especially critical-size bone defects, and their repair pose a treatment challenge. Osteoinductive scaffolds have gained importance given their potential in bone tissue engineering applications.

Methods: Polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds are used for their morphological, physical, cell-compatible and osteoinductive properties.

Enhanced T cell activation and cytotoxicity against AML via targeted anti-CD99 nanoparticle treatment.

CD99 is a transmembrane protein overexpressed in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), presenting a potential novel therapeutic target. Our group has previously developed anti-CD99-A192 (α-CD99-A192), comprising of single chain variable fragment (scFv) and elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs), and reported promising anti-leukemic activity in AML preclinical models. Treatment with α-CD99-A192 induced apoptosis in AML cell lines and prolonged survival in AML xenograft models.

Comparative microstructural analysis of VOnanoparticles via x-ray diffraction (XRD) technique.

Vanadium pentoxide (VO) nanoparticles exhibit diverse properties and have been studied for a wide range of applications, including energy storage, catalysis, environmental remediation, and material enhancement. In this work, we have reported the synthesis of vanadium pentaoxide (VO) nanoparticles using hydrothermal method. Ammonium metavanadate (NHVO) was used as a source of vanadium.

Interrogating erectile dysfunction and evaluating novel therapeutic frontiers, with emphasis on stem cell strategies.

Male infertility arises from a complex interplay of factors affecting reproductive organs and various physiological pathways. Among these, erectile dysfunction (ED), a widespread global issue, plays a key role. While existing ED treatments address some aspects, achieving complete reversibility and avoiding side effects remains a challenge.

From stem cells to extracellular vesicles: a new horizon in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

In the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have become viable therapeutic tools. EVs produced from stem cells promote tissue healing by regulating the immune system, enhancing cell proliferation and aiding remodeling processes. Recently, EV has gained significant attention from researchers due to its ability to treat various diseases.

NPCC4: New York City climate risk information 2022-observations and projections.

New York City (NYC) faces many challenges in the coming decades due to climate change and its interactions with social vulnerabilities and uneven urban development patterns and processes. This New York City Panel on Climate Change (NPCC) report contributes to the Panel's mandate to advise the city on climate change and provide timely climate risk information that can inform flexible and equitable adaptation pathways that enhance resilience to climate change. This report presents up-to-date scientific information as well as updated sea level rise projections of record.

Nonequilibrium switching of segmental states can influence compaction of chromatin.

Knowledge about the dynamic nature of chromatin organization is essential to understand the regulation of processes like DNA transcription and repair. The existing models of chromatin assume that protein organization and chemical states along chromatin are static and the 3D organization is purely a result of protein-mediated intra-chromatin interactions. Here we present a new hypothesis that certain nonequilibrium processes, such as switching of chemical and physical states due to nucleosome assembly/disassembly or gene repression/activation, can also simultaneously influence chromatin configurations.

Evaluation of Eye Safety Protocol in the Dental Office.

Background: Ocular health is significant as undetected and untreated eye conditions can lead to vision loss and blindness. Usually, dentists, dental assisting staff, and patients undergoing frequent dental corrections are likely affected by eye injuries.

Methods: This survey aimed to evaluate eye safety protocols in the dental fraternity.