Challenges and Long-Term Outcomes of Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients Under 30: A 24-Year Follow-Up Study with a Minimum 8-Year Follow-Up, Focused on Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip.

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a well-established and effective treatment for advanced osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip joint. While commonly performed in older patients, THA is increasingly used in younger individuals, especially in cases of secondary coxarthrosis. Technological advances have led to the development of specialized implants, which allow surgeons to address severe post-inflammatory or dysplastic deformities.

Lateral femoral impaction fractures during an ACL tear extend posteriorly on the weight-bearing area of the tibiofemoral joint.

Purpose: Posterior elongation of the physiological terminal sulcus (TS) due to lateral femoral condyle impaction fracture (LFC-IF) after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear could potentially decrease the weight-bearing area of the tibiofemoral joint, decrease the tension on lateral meniscus and cause flattening of the LFC which would influence rotational knee motion and cause anisometry of the lateral and anterolateral stabilizers. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to assess if the LFC-IF elongates the physiological TS posteriorly.

Methods: One hundred patients magnetic resonance images (MRIs) (75 males, 25 females, mean age 32.

A previously unknown variant of the calcaneofibular ligament.

The lateral ankle joint is composed of three ligaments: the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL), posterior talofibular ligament (PTFL) and calcaneofibular ligament (CFL). The ATFL and CFL demonstrate morphological variation, especially regarding their shape and number of bands. During standard anatomical dissection, an unusual type of triple CFL was observed: the CFL was composed of two bands originating on the lateral malleolus, and the presence of a lateral talocalcaneal ligament (LTC) originating on the talus bone.

The quadratus femoris muscle anatomy: Do we know everything?

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to characterize the morphological variations in the quadratus femoris muscle (QF) and to create an anatomical classification that could be used in the planning of surgical procedures in this area, radiological imaging, and rehabilitation.

Materials And Methods: Ninety-two lower limbs from 46 cadavers, fixed in 10 % formalin solution, were examined.

Results: The QF muscle was present in all specimens.

Identifying iliotibial band graft length and incision site may minimise the potential risk of harming adjacent structures: A novel approach for surgeon guidance.

Purpose: The Iliotibial band (ITB) is a fibrous thickening of the fascia lata originating at the iliac crest and inserting at Gerdy's tubercle on the lateral tibia. The ITB significantly contributes to lateral knee stabilisation. Due to its size, tensile strength and easy access, it is widely used in orthopaedic surgery as an autograft during reconstruction procedures.

The morphological variability of the piriformis muscle.

Background: The aim of the study is to create several classifications of the piriformis muscle (PM): proximal and distal attachments, potential fusions, and the relationship with the sciatic nerve. It is the first comprehensive anatomical examination of this subject.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and twenty-four lower limbs from 62 cadavers, fixed in 10% formalin, were examined.

Morphological variability of the leg muscles: potential traps on ultrasound that await clinicians.

Background: Although muscles and their tendons are not considered the most morphologically variable structures, they still manifest a substantial diversity of variants. The aim of this study is to increase awareness of some of the many possible variants found during ultrasound imaging of one lower limb compartment, the leg, that could potentially mislead clinicians and lead to misdiagnosis.

Materials And Methods: PubMed was used for a comprehensive literature search for morphological variations.

The accessory heads of the quadriceps femoris muscle may affect the layering of the quadriceps tendon and potential graft harvest lengths.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the quadriceps femoris system for the presence of additional layers.

Methods: One hundred and twenty-eight lower limbs fixed in 10% formalin were examined.

Results: Five types of quadriceps tendon layering were found based on the accessory heads of the quadriceps muscle.

Impaction Fractures of the Lateral Femoral Condyle Related to Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Scoping Review Concerning Diagnosis, Prevalence, Clinical Importance, and Management.

Background: During pivot-shift anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, bone bruises or impaction fractures of the lateral femoral condyle (LFC-IF) may occur due to impaction between the posterior part of the lateral tibial plateau and anterocentral part of the LFC. The purpose of the study was to systematically review the literature concerning the diagnosis, prevalence, clinical importance, and management of LFC-IF occurring during ACL injuries.

Methods: Included were studies concerning impaction fractures of the anterocentral part of the LFC occurring during ACL injuries.

Morphological variability of the fibularis brevis tendon in human fetuses.

Introduction: The morphological variability of the fibularis brevis tendon in adults is well known. However, studies on its classification in the human fetus do not exist. The aim of this study was to provide the first comprehensive classification of the fibularis brevis tendon based on its insertion in human fetuses.

Morphological variations of the brachial artery and their clinical significance: a systematic review.

Purpose: Morphological variations of the brachial artery are quite commonly discovered in routine dissection and have been the subject of many studies. However, there is a need for a clear classification. This work presents morphological variations of the brachial artery, based on numerous case reports and studies created for the appropriate classification and interpretation among surgeons and radiologists.

Morphological variability of the pectoralis major muscle in human fetuses.

Background: The pectoralis major muscle is located in the anterior chest wall. In most cases, it is divided into clavicular, sternal (sternocostal) and abdominal heads. The aim of this study is to demonstrate and classify the morphological variability of the pectoralis major muscles in human fetuses.

Accessory part of the deltoid muscle.

The shoulder and arm region has numerous morphological variations. The deltoid muscle usually consists of three parts: anterior, middle and posterior. This case report describes a very rare deltoid muscle variant, an addition to the spinal part that is attached proximally at the infraspinatus fascia and the spine of the scapula.

A new look at quadriceps tendon - Is it really composed of three layers?

Background: The aim of this study was to qualitatively and quantitatively describe the anatomy of the QT including its size, its layers and relationship between layers.

Methods: Sixty lower limbs (15 females and 15 males fixed in 10% formalin were examined. A retrospective analysis of 20 thigh MRI examinations was performed (10 males, and 10 females).

How to Differentiate Pronator Syndrome from Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Comprehensive Clinical Comparison.

The diagnostic process that allows pronator syndrome to be differentiated reliably from carpal tunnel syndrome remains a challenge for clinicians, as evidenced by the most common cause of pronator syndrome misdiagnosis: carpal tunnel syndrome. Pronator syndrome can be caused by compression of the median nerve as it passes through the anatomical structures of the forearm, while carpal tunnel syndrome refers to one particular topographic area within which compression occurs, the carpal tunnel. The present narrative review is a complex clinical comparison of the two syndromes with their anatomical backgrounds involving topographical relationships, morphology, clinical picture, differential diagnosis, and therapeutic options.

A comparative study of the epiligament of the medial collateral and anterior cruciate ligaments in the human knee: Immunohistochemical analysis of CD 34, α-smooth muscle actin and vascular endothelial growth factor in relation to epiligament theory.

Background: This study evaluated and compared the expression of VEGF, CD34, and α-SMA in the anterior cruciate ligaments and medial collateral ligaments in healthy human knees in order to enrich the epiligament theory regarding ligament healing after injury.

Methods: Samples from the mid-substance of the anterior cruciate ligament and the medial collateral ligament of 12 fresh knee joints were used. Monoclonal antibodies against CD34, α-SMA, and VEGF were used for immunohistochemical analysis.

Common trunk of the internal thoracic artery, inferior thyroid artery and thyrocervical trunk from the subclavian artery: a rare arterial variant.

Purpose: In this article, we describe a complex and rare variant of the common trunk arising as a branch of the subclavian artery. This description highlights the clinical relevance of such a variation for medical practice.

Methods: A routine dissection was carried out on an adult 74-year-old female cadaver.

The relationship between additional heads of the quadriceps femoris, the vasti muscles, and the patellar ligament.

Introduction: The quadriceps femoris consists of four muscles: the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and vastus lateralis. However, the effect of additional quadriceps femoris heads on the vasti muscles and patellar ligaments is unknown. The aims of the present study are to determine the relationship between additional quadriceps femoris heads and the vasti muscles and patellar ligaments and to review the morphology of the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius.

Case report of unusual insertion of the fibularis brevis muscle.

The fibularis brevis and fibularis longus muscles belong to the lateral compartment of the leg. The fibularis brevis is morphologically variable, especially in the number of tendons and place of insertion. Its type of insertion is correlated with the presence of a fibularis digiti quinti, which is also anatomically variable.

Classification of the popliteofibular ligament.

The purpose of this study was to characterize the morphological variations in the distal attachment of the popliteofibular ligament (PFL) and create an accurate classification for use in planning surgical procedures in this area and in evaluating radiological imaging. One hundred and thirty-seven lower limbs of body donors fixed in 10% formalin solution were examined for the presence and course of the PFL. The PFL was present in 88.

A new variety of chondrocoracoideus muscle, or an additional head of pectoralis major muscle.

The pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles are located in the anterior chest wall. This region is characterized by high morphological variability. During dissection an additional muscle was found, originating from the lateral border of the pectoralis major muscle.