Gender Bias in Nurse Evaluations of Residents in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Purpose: We examined the evaluations given by nurses to obstetrics and gynecology residents to estimate whether gender bias was evident.

Background: Women receive more negative feedback and evaluations than men-from both sexes. Some suggest that, to be successful in traditionally male roles such as surgeon, women must manifest a warmth-related (communal) rather than competence-related (agentic) demeanor.