Rapid Parallel Adaptation in Distinct Invasions of Ambrosia Artemisiifolia Is Driven by Large-Effect Structural Variants.

When introduced to multiple distinct ranges, invasive species provide a compelling natural experiment for understanding the repeatability of adaptation. Ambrosia artemisiifolia is an invasive, noxious weed, and chief cause of hay fever. Leveraging over 400 whole-genome sequences spanning the native-range in North America and 2 invasions in Europe and Australia, we inferred demographically distinct invasion histories on each continent.

Factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptability among household heads in northern Nigeria: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Objectives: COVID-19 vaccine was rolled out for the public in August 2021 in Zamfara state, Northen Nigeria. We determined the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.

Settings: We executed a community-based analytical cross-sectional study during the first 4 months of the second phase of the COVID-19 (Oxford/AstraZeneca) mass vaccination campaign in Zamfara state.

Extraction of wood vinegar from bagasse and its application as bio-reducer to produce stable silver nanoparticles with enhanced antibacterial activity.

Global efforts have been made to address environmental and health concerns by promoting and adopting renewable natural resources. This study investigated the role of bagasse-based wood vinegar to synthesize and stabilize silver nanoparticles. We present a simple bottom-up approach to produce silver nanoparticles using the green reducing agent.

Exploration of the micellization behavior of sodium dodecyl sulfate in aqueous solution of gastric enzyme pepsin: Assessment of the consequences of sodium electrolytes and temperature.

This study explores the interactions between pepsin and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) using conductometric analysis and molecular docking to deepen our understanding of the role of pepsin. Conductometric studies were conducted to examine the micellization behavior of SDS with pepsin in aqueous solutions of various sodium electrolytes (NaBr, Na₂SO₄, Na₃PO₄, and CH₃COONa) at temperatures ranging from 300.55 K to 320.

Automated detection of posterior urethral valves in voiding cystourethrography images: A novel AI-Based pipeline for enhanced diagnosis and classification.

Introduction: Posterior Urethral Valves (PUV) are rare congenital anomalies of the male urinary tract that can lead to urethral obstruction and increased risk of kidney disease. Traditional diagnosis relies on subjective interpretation of imaging techniques. This study aimed to automate and increase accuracy of PUV detection in voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) images using an AI-based pipeline.

Covered Stent Correction for Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defects, an Emerging Alternative to Surgical Repair: Results of an International Registry.

Background: Covered stent correction for a sinus venosus atrial septal defect (SVASD) was first performed in 2009. This innovative approach was initially viewed as experimental and was reserved for highly selected patients with unusual anatomic variants. In 2016, increasing numbers of procedures began to be performed, and in several centers, it is now offered as a standard of care option alongside surgical repair.

DABCO-Intercalated α-Zirconium Phosphate as a Latent Thermal Catalyst in the Reaction of Urethane Synthesis.

The mixture of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and butanol (BuOH) with the intercalation compound of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) with α-zirconium phosphate (α-ZrP) has been evaluated as a latent thermal catalyst at varying temperatures.

Assessing the quality of data for selected reproductive health indicators in designated public health facilities in Bangladesh.

Background: An effective health management information system plays a pivotal role in evidence-based decision-making and strengthening health service delivery in a country. The Directorate General of Health Services and the Directorate General of Family Planning of Bangladesh have adopted digital health management information system platforms named district health information system and management information system, respectively. Despite its significance, health management information system data has numerous issues, such as missing values, inaccuracies, lack of internal consistency, and the presence of outliers.

Comparison of One-Year Outcomes in Sleeve Gastrectomy vs. One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass in a Single Bariatric Unit.

Introduction Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is the most popular bariatric procedure worldwide in terms of numbers performed. However, there has been a rise in the popularity of the one anastomosis (mini) gastric bypass (OAGB). There have been various studies comparing the outcomes of SG vs OAGB and this study aims to add our experience and compare one-year outcome data between SG and OAGB in a single UK bariatric centre.

Myocardial iron intake following intravenous iron therapy with ferric carboxymaltose is sustained at 1 year despite recurrence of iron deficiency.

In clinical practice, intravenous (IV) iron therapy is used for the correction of iron deficiency. Patients with chronic causes of iron deficiency, for example, women with abnormal uterine bleeding, patients with inflammatory bowel disease often require repeated dosing with IV iron therapy. After a single standard dose of IV iron therapy (1000 mg) with ferric carboxymaltose, there is a rapid intake of iron into the myocardium, resulting in a sustained increase in myocardial iron content.

De Garengeot Hernia: A Case Report of an Incidental Finding.

De Garengeot hernia is a rare occurrence characterised by the presence of the appendix within a femoral hernia. This type of hernia is notable for its rare anatomical presentation. In rare instances, the appendix can present as inflamed or necrotic in which case it may present as an emergency.

Bioactivity of biogenic silver/silver chloride nanoparticles from rhizome extract: Antibacterial and antioxidant properties with anticancer potential against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and human breast cancer cell lines.

Introduction: This study explores the synthesis and characterization of silver/silver chloride nanoparticles (Ag/AgCl-NPs) using rhizome extract and evaluates their bioactivities, including antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer potentials.

Methods: The synthesis of Ag/AgCl-NPs was initially confirmed by a color change and a sharp peak at 463 nm in UV-visible spectroscopy. Further characterization was conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).

Digital Phenotypes of Mobile Keyboard Backspace Rates and Their Associations With Symptoms of Mood Disorder: Algorithm Development and Validation.

Background: Passive sensing through smartphone keyboard data can be used to identify and monitor symptoms of mood disorders with low participant burden. Behavioral phenotyping based on mobile keystroke data can aid in clinical decision-making and provide insights into the individual symptoms of mood disorders.

Objective: This study aims to derive digital phenotypes based on smartphone keyboard backspace use among 128 community adults across 2948 observations using a Bayesian mixture model.

Identification of a novel variant in the LAMB3 gene in a patient with a distinct junctional epidermolysis bullosa laryngo-onycho-cutaneous syndrome phenotype.

Junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) represents a rare mechanobullous genodermatosis, characterized by fragility and blister formation of the skin and mucous membranes. Within the JEB spectrum, laryngo-onycho-cutaneous (LOC) syndrome is a rare subtype that manifests with excess granulation tissue of the eyes, nails, skin, and larynx. Thus far, the LOC subtype has been linked predominantly to mutations in LAMA3, disrupting the epidermal basement membrane zone.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of bovine tuberculosis occurrence and burden in Bangladesh, 1970-2023.

We aimed to estimate the overall apparent prevalence, true prevalence, and the spatial, temporal, and test-specific burden of bovine tuberculosis in Bangladesh. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and BanglaJOL were searched for bovine tuberculosis publications in Bangladesh from 1 January 1970 to 23 June 2023. Of 142 articles screened, systematic review and meta-analysis were performed on 22 (15.

Stool Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra for TB diagnosis in children: experience from a national scale-up programme.

Introduction: We describe the programmatic scale-up of stool testing using Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra), as recommended by the WHO to improve childhood pulmonary TB (PTB) diagnosis.

Methods: USAID's Alliance for Combating TB in Bangladesh Activity, in collaboration with the National TB Control Programme, is implementing a stool-based diagnostic approach at 51 healthcare facilities in Bangladesh to improve PTB detection. Specimens from children (<15 years) with presumptive TB were tested using 'stool Ultra' with routine TB diagnostics.

silver chloride nanoparticles and mediated silver/silver chloride nanoparticles inhibit human hepatocellular and lung cancer cell lines.

Recently, we have reported that biogenic silver/silver chloride nanoparticles from (-AgCl-NPs) and (-Ag/AgCl-NPs) inhibited different cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and several genes alteration. Here for the first time, we assessed the effects of these two nanoparticles on human lung (A549) and hepatocellular (SMMC-7721) carcinoma cell lines. AgCl-NPs and -Ag/AgCl-NPs inhibited A549 cell growth with IC values of 22.

Initial Experience of Pancreaticoduodenectomy in a Newly Developed Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit Serving in a Lower-Middle-Income Country.

Introduction: Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is the only potentially curative treatment for pancreatic head adenocarcinoma. This study aimed to determine the short-term outcomes of PD performed over 1 year at a newly established hepato-pancreatico-biliary unit in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

Material And Methods: A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained hospital information system (HIS) was undertaken of all patients referred to the unit between May 2021 and August 2022.

PITX2 deficiency leads to atrial mitochondrial dysfunction.

Aims: Reduced left atrial PITX2 is associated with atrial cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation (AF). PITX2 is restricted to left atrial cardiomyocytes (aCMs) in the adult heart. The links between PITX2 deficiency, atrial cardiomyopathy, and AF are not fully understood.