The frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy and Pompe disease in children with isolated transaminase elevation: results from the observational VICTORIA study.

Introduction: Elevated transaminases and/or creatine phosphokinase can indicate underlying muscle disease. Therefore, this study aims to determine the frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) in male children and Pompe disease (PD) in male and female children with isolated hypertransaminasemia.

Methods: This multi-center, prospective study enrolled patients aged 3-216 months with serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and/or aspartate transaminase (AST) levels >2× the upper limit of normal (ULN) for ≥3 months.

Management of Gastrointestinal Foreign Bodies with Brief Review of the Guidelines.

Foreign body (FB) ingestion is a common health problem that affects children more than adults. According to gastroenterologists' guidelines, the management of FB ingestion differs slightly between adult and children. This review aimed to compile adult and children guidelines and establish an understandable association to reveal the requirements and timing of the endoscopic procedure, which is the most effective and least complicated technique for gastrointestinal FBs.

A Comparison Between Rome III and Rome IV Criteria in Children with Chronic Abdominal Pain: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

Background: The Rome IV includes a redefinition of functional gastrointestinal disorders and diagnostic criteria. The present study aimed to compare the Rome III and Rome IV classification results and to reveal their differences in children with chronic abdominal pain.

Methods: The present study is a prospective observational cohort study.

Possible relationship between refractory celiac disease and malignancies.

Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that is triggered by gluten in genetically susceptible individuals, and that is characterized by CeD-specific antibodies, HLA-DQ2 and/or HLA-DQ8 haplotypes, enteropathy and different clinical pictures related to many organs. Intestinal lymphoma may develop as a result of refractory CeD. If a patient diagnosed with CeD is symptomatic despite a strict gluten-free diet for at least 12 months, and does not improve with severe villous atrophy, refractory CeD can be considered present.

Can a Synbiotic Supplementation Contribute to Decreasing Anti-Tissue Transglutaminase Levels in Children with Potential Celiac Disease?

Purpose: Synbiotics can alleviate some intestinal pathologies or prevent trigger mechanisms for some diseases such as celiac disease (CD). If patients with high levels of anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies have normal duodenal histology, they are followed as potential CD patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of synbiotic use on the blood levels of anti-tTG antibodies in children.

A Case Series of Ingested Open Safety Pin Removal Using a Proposed Endoscopic Removal Technique Algorithm.

Purpose: Safety pin ingestion is common in some regions of the world and may lead to severe morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to present some practical suggestions for ingested safety pins using an accompanying algorithm, presented for the first time in the literature to the best of our knowledge.

Methods: Twenty children with ingested safety pins during a 4-year period were retrospectively included in the study.

Novel Mutation in Protein Losing Enteropathy.

A genetic cause of the protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) disease Diarrhea 10 (DIAR10) are mutations in the recently described (plasmalemma vesicle protein). An infant with fatal PLE had a novel homozygous frameshift mutation (c.339dupT; p.

The Frequency of Lysosomal Acid Lipase Deficiency in Children With Unexplained Liver Disease.

Objectives: Evidence suggests that lysosomal acid lipase deficiency (LAL-D) is often underdiagnosed because symptoms may be nonspecific. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of LAL-D in children with unexplained liver disease and to identify demographic and clinical features with a prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study.

Methods: Patients (aged 3 months-18 years) who had unexplained transaminase elevation, unexplained hepatomegaly or hepatosplenomegaly, obesity-unrelated liver steatosis, biopsy-proven cryptogenic fibrosis and cirrhosis, or liver transplantation for cryptogenic cirrhosis were enrolled.

A comparison of the effects of thymoquinone, silymarin and N-acetylcysteine in an experimental hepatotoxicity.

This study investigated the effects of thymoquinone, silymarin, and N-acetylcysteine in a rat model with carbon tetrachloride (CCl)-induced hepatotoxicity. Although numerous similar studies are available, we aimed to compare the efficacy of these agents by considering N-acetylcysteine as a reference compound. A total of 50 male Wistar albino rats were randomly designated as 5 groups: Group I, CCl; group II, thymoquinone and CCl; group III, silymarin and CCl; group IV, N-acetylcysteine and CCl; group V, control group.

A pediatric case of Fascioliasis with eosinophilic pneumonia.

Fasciolia spp. are common trematode infestations worldwide. Fasciolia spp.

Epidemiology of hepatitis E virus in children in the province of Van, Turkey.

Aim: Hepatitis E virus is an etiological agent of hepatitis which is transmitted enterically and may lead to water-born outbreaks. Although it is mainly transmitted by the fecal-oral route, it is estimated that many cases are associated with zoonotic transmission in developing countries. In this study, we aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of hepatitis E in the childhood age group in the province of Van and to demonstrate the relationship between seroprevalence and demographic properties, residential house/region, water supply used at home, dealing with livestock and history of surgery.

Prevalence of Celiac Disease in Children With Iron Deficiency Anemia in Van Lake Region of Turkey.

We aimed to determine the prevalence of celiac disease (CD) in children with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and compare the hematological variables of these children with those with IDA, but not with CD. A total of 250 patients aged 1 to 16 years with IDA were included. Upper gastrointestinal system endoscopy was recommended to the patients who were serologically positive for CD.

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in children in eastern Turkey and molecular typing of isolates.

The objectives of the present study were to determine Helicobacter pylori via culture, polymerase chain reaction and histopathological diagnosis in 101 children ranging in age from 4 to 18 years, to identify the association among restriction fragment length polymorphism types and clinical disease and to investigate the relationships among different isolates of H. pylori in different age groups. We observed a high prevalence of H.

Gastrointestinal system lesions in children due to the ingestion of alkali and acid corrosive substances.

Background/aim: TO examine esophageal and gastric lesions in children due to the ingestion of alkali and acid corrosive substances and to emphasize all related complications.

Materials And Methods: The reports of 103 children who ingested or were suspected to have ingested corrosive substances and who then underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopic inspections were evaluated retrospectively.

Results: Of the patients, the mean age was 41 ± 3.

The importance of the serum quantitative levels of hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B e antigen in children with chronic hepatitis B.

Background/aims: We aimed to investigate the clinical importance of quantitative levels of serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), and to detect their correlation with hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA load, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, hepatic activity index (HAI) and fibrosis scores.

Materials And Methods: A total of 56 HBeAg-positive children with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) were included in the study. Quantification of HBsAg and HBeAg was performed using an automated chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay.

Auditory p300 event-related potentials in children with Sydenham's chorea.

Unlabelled: P300 event-related potentials (ERPs), objective measures related to cognitive processing, have not been studied in Sydenham's chorea (SC) patients.

Purpose: To assess cognitive impairment with P300 ERPs.

Method: Seventeen patients with SC and 20 unaffected healthy children were included.

Assessment of cardiac functions in infants with cow's milk allergy.

Background: Cow's milk allergy is the most common food allergy in children, with rates estimated at 1.9% to 4.9%.

Protective effects of L-carnitine, N-acetylcysteine and genistein in an experimental model of liver fibrosis.

Aim: Liver fibrosis is a reversible wound-healing response that occurs following liver injury. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of L-carnitine, N-acetylcysteine and genistein in liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). In addition, the effects of these agents were compared in the same study.

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori virulence genotypes among children in Eastern Turkey.

Aim: To identify the virulence genotypes of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) if present in children in Eastern Turkey and if those genotypes are mostly associated with severe clinical presentations.

Methods: A total of 49 H.

Sydenham's chorea: a clinical follow-up of 65 patients.

Sydenham's chorea, the neurological manifestation of rheumatic fever, is the most common acquired chorea of childhood. In this retrospective study, the authors aim to present the clinical and laboratory findings of 65 Sydenham's chorea patients, followed up in a clinic over less than 7 years. The mean age at the onset of the symptoms was 11.

Echocardiographic measurements in infants of diabetic mothers and macrosomic infants of nondiabetic mothers.

Aim: To compare echocardiographic findings of infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs), macrosomic infants of nondiabetic mothers and healthy full term appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) infants.

Methods: Included in this study were 83 infants, admitted to our Neonatology Unit. Thirty-three IDMs, including both macrosomic and nonmacrosomic, comprised Group A, 25 macrosomic infants of nondiabetic mothers comprised group B, and 25 healthy full term AGA infants comprised group C.