Deep brain stimulation in a young child with mutation - Feasible and helpful.

Background: is an emerging disorder characterized with hypotonia, developmental delay, epilepsy, and movement disorder, which can be potentially life threatening during acute exacerbation. In the USA, deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been licensed for treating children with chronic, treatment-resistant primary dystonia, who are 7 years old or older.

Case Description: A 4-year-old girl diagnosed to have related dyskinesia and severe global developmental delay.

A systematic review on survival and success rates of implants placed immediately into fresh extraction sockets after at least 1 year.

Background: Type I immediate implant placement has gained popularity because it may reduce treatment time, number of surgeries and post-extraction bone loss. However, this is potentially challenged by inadequate keratinized mucosa for flap adaptation and difficulties in achieving primary stability. Moreover, it has been proven that post-extraction bone loss is an inevitable biological process, which affects treatment outcomes.