First report of Choanephora rot on Lettuce ( L.) caused by in Korea.

Lettuce ( L.) is a vegetable belonging to the family Asteraceae, and one of the major leafy vegetables in Korea. Lettuce has long been consumed as a fresh vegetable.

Effects of menopausal hormone therapy on ambulatory blood pressure and arterial stiffness in postmenopausal Korean women with grade 1 hypertension: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Estrogen therapy in early menopausal women decreases the risk of coronary heart disease and parenteral, but not oral, estrogen is reported to reduce blood pressure (BP). Progestogens are typically added to estrogens to prevent unopposed endometrial stimulation. The effects of progestogen on BP have been less well studied to date.

HisVA: A Visual Analytics System for Studying History.

Studying history involves many difficult tasks. Examples include searching for proper data in a large event space, understanding stories of historical events by time and space, and finding relationships among events that may not be apparent. Instructors who extensively use well-organized and well-argued materials (e.

Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry for the Simultaneous Analysis of 353 Pesticides in the Edible Insect Larvae (Mealworms).

larvae (mealworm) is an edible insect and is considered a future food. Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), a novel method for simultaneous analysis of 353 target analytes was developed and validated. Various sample preparation steps including "quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe" (QuEChERS) extraction conditions, number of acetonitrile-hexane partitions, and dispersive-solid phase extraction (dSPE) sorbents were compared, and the optimal conditions were determined.

Effects of Adding Intravenous Pamidronate to Ongoing Menopausal Hormone Therapy in Postmenopausal Korean Women with Low Bone Mineral Density.

Objectives: We evaluated the effects of adding intravenous pamidronate to ongoing menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal Korean women with low BMD.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 74 postmenopausal women who received MHT for at least 1 year and had a BMD T-score of less than -2.0.

The Efficacy of Long-Term Estrogen Replacement Therapy in Turner Syndrome Women with Premature Ovarian Insufficiency.

Study Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of long-term estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) in uterine development and bone mineral density (BMD) of Turner syndrome (TS) women with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI).

Design And Setting: Retrospective study.

Participants And Interventions: Thirty-seven TS women grouped according to ovarian function status: TS women with POI (n = 32), aged 11-26 years, and those with intact ovarian function (IOF; n = 5), aged 13-17 years.

Association of Mutations and Anti-müllerian Hormone Level in Young Breast Cancer Patients.

Several preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that -mutation carriers may have decreased ovarian reserve. However, data in this area are limited and inconsistent, especially in young breast cancer patients. This study evaluated the association between mutation status and serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level in young, reproductive-aged patients with breast cancer.

Colorimetric hydrogen gas sensor based on PdO/metal oxides hybrid nanoparticles.

We have synthesized new colorimetric hydrogen-sensing materials, PdO/metal oxide hybrid nanoparticles, in which palladium oxide was loaded upon surface of substrate materials via an acid-base reaction between a HPdCl solution and substrate materials, ZnO, MgO, TiO, and SiO respectively at 25 °C. The colorimetric hydrogen gas sensing properties of all the samples, PdO/ZnO, PdO/MgO, PdO/TiO and PdO/SiO, were characterized and compared in order to investigate how hydrogen gas sensitivity would be affected by surface property of substrate materials. It was confirmed that the amount of the loaded PdO, which was thought to be closely related with the colorimetric hydrogen sensitivity, was quite different according to the substrate materials and was increased with increasing of the basicity of substrate materials (ZnO > MgO > TiO > SiO).

Prevalence of vaginal microorganisms among pregnant women according to trimester and association with preterm birth.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of abnormal vaginal microorganisms in pregnant women according to trimester, and to determine whether the presence of abnormal vaginal colonization is associated with higher risk of miscarriage or preterm delivery. Furthermore, we analyzed delivery outcomes according to individual microorganism species.

Methods: We included pregnant women who underwent vaginal culture during routine prenatal check-up between January 2011 and June 2016.

Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid directly enhances the chemotactic activity of porcine peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophillic leukocytes by activating F-actin polymerization in vitro.

Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12-CLA) can reportedly alter the immune responses of phagocytes; however, it is unknown whether t10c12-CLA has a direct effect on the chemotaxis of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophillic leukocytes (PMNs). Here, we examined the effect of t10c12-CLA on the chemotaxis of porcine PMNs. The chemotactic response of porcine naïve PMNs was increased by porcine recombinant (pr) interleukin (IL)-8.

Comparison of QuEChERS sample preparation methods for the analysis of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables.

This article describes the comparison of different versions of an easy, rapid and low-cost sample preparation approach for the determination of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables by concurrent use of gas and liquid chromatography (GC and LC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) for detection. The sample preparation approach is known as QuEChERS, which stands for "quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe". The three compared versions were based on the original unbuffered method, which was first published in 2003, and two interlaboratory validated versions: AOAC Official Method 2007.

Ketamine inhibits the phagocytic responses of canine peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells through the upregulation of prostaglandin E2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro.

Ketamine has been reported to decrease the immune functions of phagocytes. Previously, we observed that the phagocytic capacity and oxidative burst activity (OBA) of canine peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) were inhibited by the supernatant from canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) cultures treated with ketamine. In the present study, we examined whether in vitro treatment with ketamine modulates prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production in PBMCs.

Alligator clips to molecular dimensions.

Techniques for fabricating nanospaced electrodes suitable for studying electron tunneling through metal-molecule-metal junctions are described. In one approach, top contacts are deposited/placed on a self-assembled monolayer or Langmuir-Blodgett film resting on a conducting substrate, the bottom contact. The molecular component serves as a permanent spacer that controls and limits the electrode separations.

Role of stress on charge transfer through self-assembled alkanethiol monolayers on Au.

We have studied charge transfer through alkanethiol molecules self-assembled on Au(111) substrates using interfacial force microscopy. Simultaneous measurement of the tip-substrate current and the normal interfacial force reveals the critical role of tip-film contact. Measurable currents are seen only for tip-applied stresses above about 20 MPa, after which the current rises exponential with stress.

Evaluation and management of the acute scrotum.

The application of an orderly diagnostic protocol to the conditions causing the acute scrotum will allow all cases to be classified rapidly, with either a presumptive diagnosis of torsion or other surgical conditions that require surgery or exclusion of torsion with confidence. It is imperative, however, in those cases in which the acute scrotum is not operated on that sufficiently long follow-up be done to prove that in each and every case the testis and scrotal contents return to normal, so that an occult neoplasm will not be innocently neglected.