Adding checkpoint inhibitors to first-line chemotherapy for NUT carcinoma patients.

Rare cancers present significant challenges in diagnosis, treatment, and research, accounting for up to 25% of global cancer cases. Due to their rarity and atypical presentations, they are often misdiagnosed, resulting in late-stage detection and poor outcomes. Here, we describe a patient case with advanced metastatic nasopharynx NUT carcinoma, one of the rarest and most aggressive cancers.

Biliquid oil-in-water nanofoams and spontaneous emulsification obtained with a surfactant resistant to curvature changes.

Hypothesis: Due to its huge polar headgroup, octaoxyethylene octyl ether carboxylic acid (CECHCOOH = Akypo LF2™) is supposed not to be able to change its curvature sufficiently to form bicontinuous microemulsions. Instead, upon adding an oil to the binary water - surfactant system, excess oil could be squeezed out or a biliquid foam could form.

Experiments: An auto-dilution setup was used to record small-angle X-ray scattering data along six dilution lines in the newly established phase diagram of the ternary system 2-ethylhexanol - CECHCOOH - water.

Maintenance treatment with trofosfamide in patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma - a retrospective single-centre analysis.

Background: The prognosis of patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS) remains dismal. Trofosfamide (TRO) has been proposed as a well-tolerated oral maintenance therapy. This retrospective analysis aims to determine the value of this therapy.

Optimizing Radiation Dose and Image Quality in Stroke CT Protocols: Proposed Diagnostic Reference Levels for Multiphase CT Angiography and Perfusion Imaging.

Objective: In suspected acute ischemic stroke, it is now reasonable to expand the conventional "stroke protocol" (non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT), arterial CT angiography (CTA), and optionally CT perfusion (CTP)) to early and late venous head scans yielding a multiphase CTA (MP-CTA) to increase diagnostic confidence. Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) have been defined for neither MP-CTA nor CTP. We therefore present dosimetry data, while also considering image quality, for a large, unselected patient cohort.

ESR Essentials: imaging of lymphoma-practice recommendations by the European Society of Oncologic Imaging.

Imaging is used for lymphoma detection, Ann Arbor/Lugano staging, and treatment response assessment. [F]FDG PET/CT should be used for most lymphomas, including Hodgkin lymphoma, aggressive/high-grade Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and many indolent/low-grade NHLs such as follicular lymphoma. Apart from these routinely FDG-avid lymphomas, some indolent NHLs, such as marginal zone lymphoma, are variably FDG-avid; here, [F]FDG PET/CT is an alternative to contrast-enhanced CT at baseline and may be used for treatment response assessment if the lymphoma was FDG-avid at baseline.

Nanodots of Transition Metal Sulfides, Carbonates, and Oxides Obtained Through Spontaneous Co-Precipitation with Silica.

The controlled formation and stabilization of nanoparticles is of fundamental relevance for materials science and key to many modern technologies. Common synthetic strategies to arrest growth at small sizes and prevent undesired particle agglomeration often rely on the use of organic additives and require non-aqueous media and/or high temperatures, all of which appear critical with respect to production costs, safety, and sustainability. In the present work, we demonstrate a simple one-pot process in water under ambient conditions that can produce particles of various transition metal carbonates and sulfides with sizes of only a few nanometers embedded in a silica shell, similar to particles derived from more elaborate synthesis routes, like the sol-gel process.

Aβ status assessment in a hypothetical scenario prior to treatment with disease-modifying therapies: Evidence from 10-year real-world experience at university memory clinics.

Introduction: With the advent of disease-modifying therapies, accurate assessment of biomarkers indicating the presence of disease-associated amyloid beta (Aβ) pathology becomes crucial in patients with clinically suspected Alzheimer's disease (AD). We evaluated Aβ levels in cerebrospinal fluid (Aβ CSF) and Aβ levels in positron emission tomography (Aβ PET) biomarkers in a real-world memory-clinic setting to develop an efficient algorithm for clinical use.

Methods: Patients were evaluated for AD-related Aβ pathology from two independent cohorts (Ludwig Maximilian University [LMU],  = 402, and Medical University of Vienna [MUV],  = 144).

Cost-effectiveness analysis of additional local prostate radio therapy in metastatic prostate cancer from a medicare perspective.

Background: Metastatic prostate cancer remains a therapeutic challenge. Based on data of the STAMPEDE trial, patients with a low metastatic burden showed prolonged failure-free and overall survival when treated with prostate radio therapy (RT) in addition to standard of care (SOC). The objective of this study was to determine the cost-effectiveness of additional prostate RT compared to SOC alone for following subgroups: non-regional lymph node (NRLN) metastases, up to three bone metastases and four or more bone metastases.

Mobile stroke units services in Germany: A cost-effectiveness modeling perspective on catchment zones, operating modes, and staffing.

Background And Purpose: Investigating the cost-effectiveness of future mobile stroke unit (MSU) services with respect to local idiosyncrasies is essential for enabling large-scale implementation of MSU services. The aim of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness for varying urban German settings and modes of operation.

Methods: Costs of different operating times together with different personnel configurations were simulated.

Lenticulostriatal Ischemia Shows Relevant SSTR Expression on PET/CT Imaging Using the Novel SSTR-Targeting Peptide 18 F-SiTATE.

A 64-year-old woman with meningioma presented with left-sided lenticulostriatal ischemia following craniotomy and debulking of a sphenoid wing meningioma. For subsequent radiotherapy planning, an SSTR-targeted PET/CT using the novel ligand 18 F-SiTATE was performed 2.5 months thereafter.

Evaluation of magnetic resonance thermometry performance during MR-guided hyperthermia treatment of soft-tissue sarcomas in the lower extremities and pelvis.

Introduction: This study evaluated the performance of magnetic resonance thermometry (MRT) during deep-regional hyperthermia (HT) in pelvic and lower-extremity soft-tissue sarcomas.

Materials And Methods: 17 pelvic (45 treatments) and 16 lower-extremity (42 treatments) patients underwent standard regional HT and chemotherapy. Pairs of double-echo gradient-echo scans were acquired during the MR protocol 1.

Unraveling the role of local ablative therapies for patients with metastatic soft tissue sarcoma - A retrospective multicenter study of the Bavarian university hospitals.

Background: Local ablative therapies (LAT) are increasingly used in patients with metastatic soft tissue sarcoma (STS), yet evidence-based standards are lacking. This study aimed to assess the impact of LAT on survival of metastatic STS patients and to identify prognostic factors.

Methods: In this retrospective multicenter study, 246 STS patients with metastatic disease who underwent LAT on tumor board recommendation between 2017 and 2021 were analyzed.

Stealthy Invader: Clinically Inapparent But Rapidly Progressive Multifocal Metastatic Melanoma Unveiled as Root Cause of Liver Failure.

Background: Acute liver failure (ALF) secondary to metastatic melanoma presents a rare and diagnostically challenging clinical scenario.

Case Report: We report the case of a 57-year-old male who succumbed to fulminant liver failure attributed to hepatic infiltration by malignant melanoma. Despite extensive diagnostic evaluation, the underlying cause of ALF remained elusive until postmortem examination revealed multifocal metastatic melanoma.

PSMA-PET/CT response after metastasis-directed radiotherapy of bone oligometastases in prostate cancer.

Objective: Bone metastases are very common in advanced prostate cancer and can sensitively be detected utilizing PSMA-PET/CT. Therefore, our goal was to evaluate the suitability of PSMA-PET/CT-guided metastasis-directed external beam radiotherapy (MDT) as treatment option for patients with biochemical recurrence and oligometastatic bone lesions.

Materials & Methods: We retrospectively examined 32 prostate cancer patients with biochemical recurrence and PSMA-positive oligometastatic disease limited to the bone (n = 1-3).

Rasmussen's encephalitis: structural, functional, and clinical correlates of contralesional epileptiform activity.

Progressive inflammation of one hemisphere characterises Rasmussen's encephalitis (RE), but contralesional epileptiform activity has been repeatedly reported. We aimed to quantify contralesional epileptiform activity in RE and uncover its functional and structural underpinnings. We retrospectively ascertained people with RE treated between 2000 and 2018 at a tertiary centre (Centre 1) and reviewed all available EEG datasets.

Self-association as a solubility limiting factor of riboflavin in aqueous media.

Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of needle shaped riboflavin (RF) crystals revealed π-stacking of RF's isoalloxazine units (distance: 3.643-3.313 Å) with -orientated ribityl chains.

The impact of generative artificial intelligence on socioeconomic inequalities and policy making.

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to both exacerbate and ameliorate existing socioeconomic inequalities. In this article, we provide a state-of-the-art interdisciplinary overview of the potential impacts of generative AI on (mis)information and three information-intensive domains: work, education, and healthcare. Our goal is to highlight how generative AI could worsen existing inequalities while illuminating how AI may help mitigate pervasive social problems.

Patient eligibility for trials with imaging response assessment at the time of molecular tumor board presentation.

Purpose: To assess the eligibility of patients with advanced or recurrent solid malignancies presented to a molecular tumor board (MTB) at a large precision oncology center for inclusion in trials with the endpoints objective response rate (ORR) or duration of response (DOR) based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST version 1.1).

Methods: Prospective patients with available imaging at the time of presentation in the MTB were included.

Endovascular thrombectomy is cost-saving in patients with acute ischemic stroke with large infarct.

Objective: Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is the standard of care for acute large vessel occlusion stroke. Recently, the ANGEL-ASPECT and SELECT 2 trials showed improved outcomes in patients with acute ischemic Stroke presenting with large infarcts. The cost-effectiveness of EVT for this subpopulation of stroke patients has only been calculated using data from the previously published RESCUE-Japan LIMIT trial.

Multiparametric MRI for characterization of the tumour microenvironment.

Our understanding of tumour biology has evolved over the past decades and cancer is now viewed as a complex ecosystem with interactions between various cellular and non-cellular components within the tumour microenvironment (TME) at multiple scales. However, morphological imaging remains the mainstay of tumour staging and assessment of response to therapy, and the characterization of the TME with non-invasive imaging has not yet entered routine clinical practice. By combining multiple MRI sequences, each providing different but complementary information about the TME, multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) enables non-invasive assessment of molecular and cellular features within the TME, including their spatial and temporal heterogeneity.

Influence of Curcuma Longa extract in citral addition on functional properties of thin films with triple-layer structure based on furcellaran and gelatin.

In this study, we obtained triple-layer films based on furcellaran and gelatin, in which the middle layer was enriched with extract of Curcuma longa in citral. This newly developed material underwent a comprehensive characterisation process to identify significant improvements in its functional properties. Both SEM, XRD and FTIR analyzes indicated the formation of interactions not only between the components but also between the film layers.

Valorization of Coffee Silverskin Using Extraction Cycles and Water as a Solvent: Design of Process.

Coffee silverskin is a byproduct of the coffee industry, appearing in large quantities during the roasting step. In this work, a sober and simple water process is proposed, using extractions cycles, to produce valuable products including (a) an extract rich in caffeine, (b) possibly pure caffeine, and (c) insoluble fibers. The hypothetical number of necessary cycles was calculated and compared to the number of cycles used experimentally.