Healthcare provider Communication and Data-Informed Message Strategies for Encouraging Older Adults to Stay up to Date on COVID-19 Vaccination.

Older adults are a high in risk of severe COVID-19 disease outcomes and experience "vaccine hesitancy." Guided by health communication models such as the Reasoned Action Approach and the Extended Parallel Process Model, online surveys designed to inform statewide public health communication efforts were administered in West Virginia, a primarily rural and fully Appalachian state, in Winter 2021 ( = 272) and Fall 2022 ( = 248). Adults ages 50+ years ( = 520) reported attitudes, intentions, and behaviors regarding COVID-19 vaccination and their related patient-provider communication.

Quantitatively Identifying Messaging Topics to Encourage West Virginia nurses' COVID-19 Vaccination.

Nurses are particularly influential to others as it relates to COVID-19 vaccination decision-making and are at higher risk of COVID-19 themselves. Yet, nurses' COVID-19 vaccination remains suboptimal. This study combines communication science frameworks with a novel conceptualize of identity-identity fusion-to explore why nurses may not vaccinate and what strategies might encourage them to protect themselves from COVID-19.

Defining GME Librarianship: Creating and Developing a New Graduate Medical Education Library Program and Librarian Position.

An academic research institution and a corporate hospital system formed a new graduate medical education (GME) consortium. The consortium objectives were to increase the scholarly activity of the residents and fellows in a national hospital system's GME residency program to match the requirements set forth by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. A GME librarian position was created specifically to serve the GME research programs at Florida area hospitals to help with this objective.

Differential effects of modafinil on performance of low-performing and high-performing individuals during total sleep deprivation.

Background: Individual responses to the effects of inadequate sleep have been well documented; some people are more vulnerable to the effects of sleep loss than others. Fatigue-vulnerable individuals generally require access to effective fatigue countermeasures; however, the question arises as to whether these fatigue-vulnerable individuals receive the same benefits shown in group efficacy data. The present study administered modafinil to individuals to determine its differential effects on performance of best and worst performers during sleep deprivation.

The Role of the Programmed Death Receptor-1/Programmed Death Ligand-1: Immunologic Checkpoint in Human Papillomavirus-Associated Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Context: - There has been increasing interest in understanding the role of programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) pathway in cancer biology and its clinical significance in cancer therapy.

Objective: - To discuss the studies of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in human papillomavirus-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, focusing on the pathogenesis of cancer, characterization of the tumor microenvironment, and the effect of such studies in laboratory medicine.

Data Sources: - Data sources included peer-reviewed literature and reputable online sources.

Prevalence of cognitive impairment in older women with pelvic floor disorders.

Introduction And Hypothesis: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early dementia among women >55 years seeking care for pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) and to describe the impact of cognitive impairment on condition-specific quality of life (QoL). We hypothesized that the prevalence of MCI would be at least 15% among this population.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of English-speaking women >55 years presenting for evaluation of PFDs.

Flight-deck Surface Trajectory-Based Operations (STBO).

The results of three piloted simulations investigating flight-deck surface trajectory-based operations (STBO) are presented. Commercial transport pilots were given taxi clearances with time and speed components on the Primary Flight Display (PFD) and were required to taxi to the departing runway or intermediate intersections. Results show that when pilots were provided with speed-only taxi clearances, pilots either had poor required time of arrival (RTA) conformance with acceptable estimates of attentional distribution and safety, or had good RTA conformance with unacceptable attentional distribution and safety estimates.

Cost utility analysis of urethral bulking agents versus midurethral sling in stress urinary incontinence.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the cost utility of urethral bulking agents (BA) compared with midurethral slings (MUS) in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in patients without urethral hypermobility.

Methods: A decision tree was constructed to compare the cost utility of urethral BA versus MUS in the setting of SUI without urethral hypermobility. Probability estimates for success, failure, and complications were obtained from the published literature.

Chlorhexidine gluconate versus povidone iodine at cesarean delivery: a randomized controlled trial.

Background/aims: To compare the prevalence of positive bacterial cultures at the cesarean delivery (CD) incision site in patients with pre-operative application of chlorhexidine gluconate (CG) versus povidone iodine (PI).

Methods: Women undergoing a scheduled CD at ≥36 gestational weeks were randomly assigned to receive CG or PI. A swab of the incision site was performed at 3 min after disinfectant application and at 18 post-operative hours, and the prevalence of cultures with any detected bacterial growth was compared for the two groups.

The ChrA-ChrS and HrrA-HrrS signal transduction systems are required for activation of the hmuO promoter and repression of the hemA promoter in Corynebacterium diphtheriae.

Transcription of the Corynebacterium diphtheriae hmuO gene, which encodes a heme oxygenase involved in heme iron utilization, is activated in a heme- or hemoglobin-dependent manner in part by the two-component system ChrA-ChrS. Mutation of either the chrA or the chrS gene resulted in a marked reduction of hemoglobin-dependent activation at the hmuO promoter in C. diphtheriae; however, it was observed that significant levels of hemoglobin-dependent expression were maintained in the mutants, suggesting that an additional activator is involved in regulation.

Comparative analysis of hmuO function and expression in Corynebacterium species.

We have constructed defined deletions in the hmuO gene from Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans and show that the C. ulcerans hmuO mutation results in a significant reduction in hemoglobin-iron utilization, whereas in C. diphtheriae strains, deletion of hmuO caused no or only partial reduction in the utilization of heme as an iron source.

Deaths in an academic medical center.

The number of inpatient deaths in a calendar year in an academic medical center was reviewed from a computerized database. The total number was 1222. The median length of hospital stay for those who died was 7 days (range, 1-190); 404 (33%) were 75 years or older.

Analysis of a heme-dependent signal transduction system in Corynebacterium diphtheriae: deletion of the chrAS genes results in heme sensitivity and diminished heme-dependent activation of the hmuO promoter.

The Corynebacterium diphtheriae hmuO gene encodes a heme oxygenase that is involved in the utilization of heme as an iron source. Transcription of hmuO is activated by heme or hemoglobin and repressed by iron and DtxR. Previous studies with Escherichia coli showed that heme-dependent transcriptional activation of an hmuO promoter-lacZ fusion was dependent on the cloned C.

Analysis of a DtxR-regulated iron transport and siderophore biosynthesis gene cluster in Corynebacterium diphtheriae.

This report describes a genetic locus associated with siderophore biosynthesis and transport in Corynebacterium diphtheriae. A BLAST search of the C. diphtheriae genome identified a seven-gene cluster that included four genes, designated ciuA, ciuB, ciuC, and ciuD, whose predicted products are related to ABC-type iron transporters.

Analysis of the Corynebacterium diphtheriae DtxR regulon: identification of a putative siderophore synthesis and transport system that is similar to the Yersinia high-pathogenicity island-encoded yersiniabactin synthesis and uptake system.

The diphtheria toxin repressor, DtxR, is a global iron-dependent regulatory protein in Corynebacterium diphtheriae that controls gene expression by binding to 19-bp operator sequences. To further define the DtxR regulon in C. diphtheriae, a DtxR repressor titration assay (DRTA) was developed and used to identify 10 previously unknown DtxR binding sites.

Do rehabilitation patients continue prescribed bowel medications after discharge?

An exploratory descriptive study was conducted to address the use of bowel medications 1 month after discharge from an inpatient rehabilitation center and the rationale for making changes from bowel medications prescribed at discharge. At discharge, 66% of the 114 participants took bowel medications, but 1 month later, 42% did. Stimulant laxatives accounted for nearly half the medications taken at each point.

Contribution of G protein activation to fluoride stimulation of phosphoinositide hydrolysis in human neuroblastoma cells.

To examine the possibility that NaF enhances phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PIC) activity in neural tissues by a mechanism independent of a guanine nucleotide binding protein (Gp), we have evaluated the contribution of Gp activation to NaF-stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis in human SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells. Addition of NaF to intact cells resulted in an increase in the release of inositol phosphates (450% of control values; EC50 of approximately 8 mM). Inclusion of U-73122, an aminosteroid inhibitor of guanine nucleotide-regulated PIC activity in these cells, resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of NaF-stimulated inositol lipid hydrolysis (IC50 of approximately 3.