Hesperetin conjugated PEGylated gold nanoparticles exploring the potential role in anti-inflammation and anti-proliferation during diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats.

Liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer and one of the leading causes of death in the world, and second most common cause of death in men. Natural products emerge as the most enduring approaches in the development of anticancer targeting drug. Hesperetin (HP), one of the abundant flavonoids found naturally in citrus fruits, has received considerable attention in anti-cancer promotion and progression.

Differential Covariance: A New Class of Methods to Estimate Sparse Connectivity from Neural Recordings.

With our ability to record more neurons simultaneously, making sense of these data is a challenge. Functional connectivity is one popular way to study the relationship of multiple neural signals. Correlation-based methods are a set of currently well-used techniques for functional connectivity estimation.

Hair follicle growth by stromal vascular fraction-enhanced adipose transplantation in baldness.

Great interest remains in finding new and emerging therapies for the treatment of male and female pattern hair loss. The autologous fat grafting technique is >100 years old, with a recent and dramatic increase in clinical experience over the past 10-15 years. Recently, in 2001, Zuk et al published the presence of adipose-derived stem cells, and abundant research has shown that adipose is a complex, biological active, and important tissue.

Assessing the Therapeutic Utility of Professional Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Type 2 Diabetes Across Various Therapies: A Retrospective Evaluation.

Background: There have been few large studies that have analyzed the effect of professional (masked) continuous glucose monitoring (P-CGM) on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) who were on a broad spectrum of baseline therapies.

Methods: We performed a retrospective, blinded evaluation of glycemic control in 296 T2DM adults for 6 months following a 6- to 7-day study of their glycemic profile using masked P-CGM. At baseline, 91% of the patients were on some form of insulin treatment with oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA), while 7% were on one or more OHAs without insulin, and the remaining 2% were on GLP-1RAs.

Elective Tracheostomy in Head and Neck Surgery: Our Experience.

Introduction: Tracheostomy is commonly used to secure the airway during the immediate postoperative period in maxillofacial oncological operations. We conducted a study to review the utility of elective tracheostomy in head and neck surgery.

Aim: To review the incidence of intraoperative, perioperative and postoperative complications and its management in elective tracheostomy and to analyse its utility in head and neck surgery.

Transoral Robotic Surgery Total Laryngectomy: Evaluation of Functional and Survival Outcomes in a Retrospective Case Series at a Single Institution.

Background: Transoral robotic surgery total laryngectomy (TORS-TL) is a minimally invasive endoscopic surgical approach which can theoretically minimise the morbidity of large external incisions and limit dissection of tissue planes so as to reduce the risk of pharyngocutaneous fistulae related to poor tissue healing secondary to radiation soft tissue injury or malnutrition. The purpose of this paper was to report our experience with this uncommon surgical approach.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted at a single institution to evaluate the functional and survival outcomes of a series of patients who underwent TORS-TL.

Efficacy of Four Remineralizing Agents on Primary Teeth: In Vitro Evaluation Using Microhardness Testing and Quantitative Light-induced Fluorescence.

Purpose: This study's purpose was to evaluate the remineralization of primary enamel using GC Tooth Mousse, Clinpro Tooth Crème, SHY-NM, and Pronamel by employing microhardness testing and quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) values.

Methods: An in vitro study was performed with 100 intact primary anterior teeth. After specimen preparation, they were subjected to baseline microhardness and QLF testing.

Strategies to initiate and control the nucleation behavior of bimetallic nanoparticles.

In this work we report strategies to nucleate bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) made by gas phase synthesis of elements showing difficulty in homogeneous nucleation. It is shown that the nucleation assisted problem of bimetallic NP synthesis can be solved via the following pathways: (i) selecting an element which can itself nucleate and act as a nucleation center for the synthesis of bimetallic NPs; (ii) introducing H or CH as an impurity/trace gas to initiate nucleation during the synthesis of bimetallic NPs. The latter can solve the problem if none of the elements in a bimetallic NP can initiate nucleation.

Photobiomodulation therapy on wound treatment subsequent to Q-switched Nd: YAG laser tattoo removal in rat model.

Q-switched Nd: YAG laser is the most effective laser for tattoo removal. Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is an alternative method applied to accelerate the wound healing. This paper investigated the effects of PBM therapy using 808 nm diode laser on tattooed skin after laser tattoo removal.

Automatic Identification of Successful Memory Encoding in Stereo EEG of Refractory, Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.

Surgical resection of portions of the temporal lobe is the standard of care for patients with refractory mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. While this reduces seizures, it often results in an inability to form new memories, which leads to difficulties in social situations, learning, and suboptimal quality of life. Learning about the success or failure to form new memory in such patients is critical if we are to generate neuromodulation-based therapies.

The current status of human laryngeal transplantation in 2017: A state of the field review.

Objectives: Human laryngeal allotransplantation has long been contemplated as a surgical option following laryngectomy, but there is a paucity of information regarding the indications, surgical procedure, and patient outcomes. Our objectives were to identify all human laryngeal allotransplants that have been undertaken and reported in the English literature and to evaluate the success of the procedure.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, Embase, Current Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science and Scopus, and the Gray literature.

Acceptability, reliability, and validity of the Stroke and Aphasia Quality of Life Scale-39 (SAQOL-39) across languages: a systematic review.

Objectives: This systematic review aimed to explore the acceptability, reliability, and validity of the Stroke and Aphasia Quality of Life-39 (SAQOL-39) scale across languages.

Data Sources: We employed a systematic search of the online databases including MEDLINE (Pubmed), Science direct, Web of science, Psychinfo, Scopus, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and Cochrane library published between 2003 and 2016.

Review Methods: We used PRISMA guidelines for conducting and reporting this review.

Influence of gold nanoparticles on wound healing treatment in rat model: Photobiomodulation therapy.

Background And Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on wound healing process.

Materials And Methods: AuNPs are synthesized by Q-switched Nd:YAG laser ablation technique. Cutaneous wound are induced on 45 Sprague Dawley rats on its dorsal part and then randomly divided into three groups.

Cellular and neurochemical basis of sleep stages in the thalamocortical network.

The link between the combined action of neuromodulators in the brain and global brain states remains a mystery. In this study, using biophysically realistic models of the thalamocortical network, we identified the critical intrinsic and synaptic mechanisms, associated with the putative action of acetylcholine (ACh), GABA and monoamines, which lead to transitions between primary brain vigilance states (waking, non-rapid eye movement sleep [NREM] and REM sleep) within an ultradian cycle. Using ECoG recordings from humans and LFP recordings from cats and mice, we found that during NREM sleep the power of spindle and delta oscillations is negatively correlated in humans and positively correlated in animal recordings.

Intravital and Kidney Slice Imaging of Podocyte Membrane Dynamics.

In glomerular disease, podocyte injury results in a dramatic change in cell morphology known as foot process effacement. Remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton through the activity of small GTPases was identified as a key mechanism in effacement, with increased membrane activity and motility in vitro However, whether podocytes are stationary or actively moving cells in vivo remains debated. Using intravital and kidney slice two-photon imaging of the three-dimensional structure of mouse podocytes, we found that uninjured podocytes remained nonmotile and maintained a canopy-shaped structure over time.

Integrated pathway analysis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma implicates the axonemal dynein complex in the Malaysian cohort.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial squamous cell carcinoma on the mucosal lining of the nasopharynx. The etiology of NPC remains elusive despite many reported studies. Most studies employ a single platform approach, neglecting the cumulative influence of both the genome and transcriptome toward NPC development.

Patient Outcomes when Housestaff Exceed 80 Hours per Week.

Background: It has been posited that high workload and long work hours for trainees could affect the quality and efficiency of patient care. Duty hour restrictions seek to balance patient care and resident education by limiting resident work hours. Through a retrospective cohort study, we investigated whether patient care on an inpatient general medicine service at a large academic medical center is impacted when housestaff work more than 80 hours per week.

Hippocampal CA1 Ripples as Inhibitory Transients.

Memories are stored and consolidated as a result of a dialogue between the hippocampus and cortex during sleep. Neurons active during behavior reactivate in both structures during sleep, in conjunction with characteristic brain oscillations that may form the neural substrate of memory consolidation. In the hippocampus, replay occurs within sharp wave-ripples: short bouts of high-frequency activity in area CA1 caused by excitatory activation from area CA3.

Synaptic Mechanisms of Memory Consolidation during Sleep Slow Oscillations.

Unlabelled: Sleep is critical for regulation of synaptic efficacy, memories, and learning. However, the underlying mechanisms of how sleep rhythms contribute to consolidating memories acquired during wakefulness remain unclear. Here we studied the role of slow oscillations, 0.

Versitality of the Use of Collagen Membrane in Oral Cavity.

Introduction: Bovine derived collagen membrane is usually and regularly used as a temporary cover or dressing for the extra oral wounds and for the burns on the body. It has wide applications because of its usefulness and biocompatibility. This has provoked us to do a study with the use of collagen membrane even for the intraoral minor surgical defects.

Adaptation and validation of stroke-aphasia quality of life (SAQOL-39) scale to Malayalam.

Background: Aphasia, an acquired inability to understand and/or speak language, is a common repercussion of stroke that denigrates the quality of life (QOL) in the affected persons. Several languages in India experience the dearth of instruments to measure the QOL of persons with aphasia. Malayalam, the language spoken by more than 33 million people in Kerala, the southern state of India, is not an exception to this.

The two levels of care for diabetes in a developing country: Mechanisms for improved intermediate health outcomes.

India has over 70 million citizens with diabetes, the second-most of any country worldwide. Disparities in learning skills, resources, education, and physician practices make it difficult to practically implement the diabetes management guidelines recommended by international scientific organizations. In its guidelines, the International Diabetes Federation advocates for three different levels of care based on availability of resources.

Telemedicine for diabetes care: An Indian perspective - feasibility and efficacy.

Diabetes is a chronic and costly disease. In India, the usual practice among patients is to visit the doctor once in every 2-3 months to get advice on changes in the dosages of medications. The Diabetes Tele Management System (DTMS(®)) is a telemedicine based follow-up program originally introduced at Jothydev's Diabetes Research Centre at Trivandrum South India in 1998.