Objective sonographic measurements of renal pelvic diameter and renal parenchymal thickness can identify renal hypofunction and poor drainage in patients with antenatally detected unilateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction.

Introduction: Hydronephrosis grading systems risk stratify patients with potential ureteropelvic junction obstruction, but only some criteria are measured objectively. Most notably, there is no consensus definition of renal parenchymal thinning.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the association between sonographic measures of renal length, renal pelvic diameter, and renal parenchymal thickness and the outcomes of a)renal hypofunction(differential renal function{DRF} <40%) and b)high-risk renal drainage(T1/2 > 40 min).

Every CFTR variant counts - Target-capture based next-generation-sequencing for molecular diagnosis in the German CF Registry.

Background: In times of genotype guided therapy options, a total of 3.2 % of people with CF (pwCF) in the German CF Registry[1] only have one or no CFTR-variant detected after genetic analysis. Additionally, genetic data in the Registry can be documented as free text and can therefore be prone to error.

Predicting the likelihood of prolongation of half-time among infants with initially indeterminate drainage values: A single-institution retrospective study of 535 patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction.

Introduction And Objective: Prior studies have shown a broad half time (T1/2) interval on MAG3 diuresis renography (DR) that is indeterminate for obstruction. We aimed to refine and sub-divide the indeterminate range and associate it with clinically meaningful outcomes: pyeloplasty and pyeloplasty-free survival.

Methods: We identified patients <1.

Easy measurement of health related quality of life in patients with cystic fibrosis by the COPD assessment test (CAT) - A pilot study.

Background: Quality of life (QOL) is an important patient-related outcome (PRO) in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). There are several QOL questionnaires like the "Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire Revised" (CFQ-R) or the "St George's Respiratory Questionnaire" (SGRQ) that are well validated in CF. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether the easily applicable "COPD assessment test" (CAT) can be used in CF patients.

The Phagocytosis of Blood Leukocytes from Cystic Fibrosis Patients is not Impaired in General.

Impaired phagocytosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found in isolated monocytes of peripheral blood of cystic fibrosis patients, but not in their neutrophils, as reported some years ago. In the present study, we analysed the phagocytic capacity of peripheral blood neutrophils and monocytes of cystic fibrosis patients and of healthy controls. Phagocytosis was determined using a commercial phagocytosis "in whole blood" assay on the basis of fluorescence-labelled opsonized Escherichia coli bacteria and flow cytometry.

Hyaluronidase to reduce a prolapsed incontinent ischemic ileovesicostomy.

Stomal prolapse is a known late complication of urinary diversions commonly used in urology. While rare, it can lead to ischemia, necrosis, and obstruction of the stoma, requiring urgent reduction before formal revision can be undertaken. Several measures can be attempted to reduce the prolapse including manual pressure and topical osmotic agents.

Genome-Wide Association Mapping of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Wheat using Genotyping-by-Sequencing.

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most important wheat ( L.) diseases worldwide, and host resistance displays complex genetic control. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed on 273 winter wheat breeding lines from the midwestern and eastern regions of the United States to identify chromosomal regions associated with FHB resistance.

Genomic Selection for Predicting Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in a Wheat Breeding Program.

Genomic selection (GS) is a breeding method that uses marker-trait models to predict unobserved phenotypes. This study developed GS models for predicting traits associated with resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Evaluating compensatory hypertrophy: a growth curve specific for solitary functioning kidneys.

Purpose: While compensatory hypertrophy is expected in solitary kidneys, the definition of appropriate hypertrophy remains unclear. The normal renal growth rate in children age 1 to 18 years with 2 kidneys has been defined as 0.28 × age (years) + 6.

Abdominopelvic ultrasound: a cost-effective way to diagnose solitary kidney.

Purpose: Solitary kidneys are detected on approximately 1 of 1,500 prenatal ultrasounds and during evaluation for other urological complaints. Although renal scintigraphy is currently the gold standard for confirming the diagnosis and ruling out renal ectopia, scintigraphy is associated with radiation exposure, placement of an intravenous line and sedation. We hypothesize that ultrasonography alone is sufficient to detect solitary kidneys and that confirmatory renal scintigraphy is unnecessary.

Working together may be better: activation of reward centers during a cooperative maze task.

Humans use theory of mind when predicting the thoughts and feelings and actions of others. There is accumulating evidence that cooperation with a computerized game correlates with a unique pattern of brain activation. To investigate the neural correlates of cooperation in real-time we conducted an fMRI hyperscanning study.

Complications of circumcision.

In the United States, circumcision is a commonly performed procedure. It is a relatively safe procedure with a low overall complication rate. Most complications are minor and can be managed easily.

Parental preferences in the management of vesicoureteral reflux.

Purpose: Considering that there are few absolute indications for the timing and type of surgical correction of vesicoureteral reflux, we objectively measured parental choice in how the child's vesicoureteral reflux should be managed.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively identified patients 0 to 18 years old with any grade of newly diagnosed vesicoureteral reflux. All races and genders were included, and non-English speakers were excluded from analysis.

Observation of infants with SFU grades 3-4 hydronephrosis: worsening drainage with serial diuresis renography indicates surgical intervention and helps prevent loss of renal function.

Purpose: Early pyeloplasty is indicated for ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJ) obstructions with reduced differential renal function (DRF) and/or no drainage on diuretic renography (DR). Optimal management of Society of Fetal Urology (SFU) Grades 3 and 4hydronephrosis with preservation of DRF and indeterminate drainage is less straightforward. We review our experience using serial DR to guide the management of kidneys with high-grade hydronephrosis, emphasizing preservation of DRF.

Association and linkage analysis of aluminum tolerance genes in maize.

Background: Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major worldwide constraint to crop productivity on acidic soils. Al becomes soluble at low pH, inhibiting root growth and severely reducing yields. Maize is an important staple food and commodity crop in acidic soil regions, especially in South America and Africa where these soils are very common.

In-group and out-group membership mediates anterior cingulate activation to social exclusion.

FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING WAS EMPLOYED TO EXAMINE SENSITIVITY TO SOCIAL EXCLUSION IN THREE CONDITIONS: same-race, other-race, and self-resembling faces. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), specifically the dorsal ACC, has been targeted as a key substrate in the physical and social pain matrix and was hypothesized to regulate activation response to various facial conditions. We show that participants demonstrated greatest ACC activation when being excluded by self-resembling and same-race faces, relative to other-race faces.

Self-face resemblance attenuates other-race face effect in the amygdala.

People respond favorably toward self-resembling faces. We investigated the pattern of responding in the amygdala of Caucasian participants to self-face resemblance expressed in same and other-race (African descent) faces. The amygdala response was 1) non-linear to faces as a function of self-facial resemblance and 2) attenuated to other-race self-resembling faces when regressed with implicit racial attitudes.

Implicit trustworthiness ratings of self-resembling faces activate brain centers involved in reward.

On the basis of Hamilton's (Hamilton, W. D. (1964).

The neural basis of facial resemblance.

Humans respond favourably to self-resembling faces. Self-facial resemblance is a mechanism for self-referent phenotypic matching by which humans can differentiate genetic kin from other members of a social group. To better understand how the brain makes discriminations between kin and non-kin, we investigated the neural correlates of self-resemblance in faces that were transformed along the dimensions of race and sex.

[Follow-up and treatment outcome of early anorexia nervosa].

In a two-center follow-up study on the early-onset form of anorexia nervosa, we reexamined 43 (74%) of 58 former patients who had developed anorexia nervosa at the age of 13 years or younger. In addition to make a standardized assessment of the eating disorder at follow-up we assessed psychiatric comorbidity with a structured interview based on the criteria of DSM-III-R and ICD-10. After an average follow-up period of 6.

Cystic disease of the renal medulla associated with retinitis pigmentosa and imino acid abnormalities.

A 22 year old man with renal failure associated with salt wasting, retinitis pigmentosa, and imino acid abnormalities is reported. Renal tissue showed changes compatible with medullary cystic disease or juvenile nephronophtisis. Special studies were carried out to clarify the mechanism of renal salt wasting.