Comparative evaluation of local and international reference databases for forearm densitometry: different impacts on diagnostic decisions.

Reference databases play a key role in the management of osteoporosis. The aim of this preliminary study was to compare the diagnostic consequences of using either an international or a local reference database in peripheral densitometry. For this purpose, standard curves for bone mineral density (measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the distal and proximal forearm) were generated for healthy Hungarian men and women.

Uncommon type of placentation after previous cesarean deliveries.

Background: A rare type of placentation leading to cesarean delivery and hysterectomy is described.

Case: A young multigravida in the 26th week of gestation was referred to our department with a history of vaginal bleeding and suspected placenta previa. Three previous children were delivered by elective cesarean.

Bone mineral density in patients with endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism: is this thyroid status a risk factor for osteoporosis?

Objective: The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism due to a solitary autonomously functioning thyroid nodule affects bone metabolism and is a risk factor for osteoporosis.

Design: In a cross-sectional study measurements of bone mineral density were performed in premenopausal and post-menopausal women. Patients were categorized into non-toxic nodular goitre (n = 32), subclinical hyperthyroid (n = 37) and toxic solitary autonomous thyroid nodule (n = 22) subgroups and the results were compared with those of sex and age-matched control reference population (n = 68).

[Mean value of bone mineral content in Hungary measured by dual-photon absorptiometry].

Bone mineral content and density of the lumbar spine and femoral neck was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in normal volunteers (89 women, 77 men) in different age groups. Peak values in both sexes occurred in the 3rd decade and are about 25% higher in men than those in women. In women the bone loss begins around 40 years at lumbar spine and also at the femoral neck.

Relationship between exchangeable body sodium and urinary 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha excretion in normal man.

The renal prostaglandins are involved in the regulation of sodium balance. In the present study exchangeable body sodium (NaE) and the urinary excretion of the stable metabolite of prostacyclin, 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-k-PGF1 alpha) were determined simultaneously in 10 hospitalized healthy individuals. NaE was 1461 +/- 107 mmol/m2 body surface area, or 98.

[The role of exchangeable sodium content of the body in cases of hypertension of various etiology].

Measurement of exchangeable sodium by isotope dilution is a relatively simple, reliable method for the determination of body sodium contents, which can be used in the clinical practice without significant health hazard to the patient. When computed to body surface area, the values for exchangeable sodium can be compared in patients of different body build. Exchangeable sodium may be variably increased in different clinical conditions associated with hypertension, thus increased sodium contents of the body is of major importance in the pathogenesis of hypertension caused by all forms of mineralocorticoid excess, and in the majority of patients with chronic renal insufficiency.

Changes with aging in the bone mineral content of the lumbar spine and femoral neck in healthy women in Hungary.

The bone mineral content (BMC) of the lumbar spine and femoral neck was studied in relation to aging in healthy Hungarian women by duel photon-absorptiometric method. The data were compared with North-American and West-European values. The Hungarian values are lower than these for reported from North-America or France, but similar to the BMC values for Sweden.

Exchangeable body sodium in normal man: analysis of various frames of reference.

Exchangeable sodium is a reliable measure of body sodium contents. Since fat tissue contains significantly less sodium per unit of weight than other tissues, leanness of an individual may considerably affect exchangeable body sodium. Thus, subjects of different body size can be compared only when body build is considered.

Determination of euthyroid thyroid mass.

Proposals have been made for modification of different formulas used to determine the thyroid weight, by which the 'most probable' value of the normal thyroid mass can be determined. With the help of this method, thyroid masses of euthyroid individuals located in Budapest and its surroundings were determined using a combined scintigraphic and ultrasound method. As an average of 103 cases, the 'most probable' value of normal thyroid mass of the population is 20.

Effect of 131I therapy on serum calcitonin levels in patients with Graves' disease.

In a group of patients suffering from Graves' disease a transitory fall of serum calcitonin levels and an increase of triiodothyronine concentrations could be detected after 131I therapy. The transient decrease of the calcitonin values might be related to the high radiosensitivity of the parafollicular cells and to a consecutive impairment of calcitonin production, while the rise of triiodothyronine secretion could be explained by the radiation-induced destruction of the thyroid gland. The drop of serum calcitonin levels lasted for a short period only and did not affect serum Ca concentrations, thus the assumption is highly improbable that the temporarily altered calcitonin secretion involves late consequences for the skeletal system after 131I therapy.

Serum calcitonin in hyperthyroidism.

The mineral content of the radius was found to be lower in thyrotoxic than in euthyroid women, particularly in the case of elevated serum triiodothyronine levels. On examining the hormones influencing bone metabolism, the basal serum calcitonin level of thyrotoxic patients was identical with that of the controls. The Ca and calcitonin responses to i.

Bone mineral content of the healthy aged.

Using Norland-Cameron photon-absorption technique, bone mineral content of 436 healthy aged was measured and compared with that of 198 healthy, aged 21-50. Bone mineral content of postmenopausal females decreased continuously with age and bone mineral content of males began to decrease at age over 70. Bone width and menopausal age seemed to be important factors influencing bone mineral content, but previous physical activity seemed to have no effect on the bone mineral content of the aged.

Effect of the carotid sinus nerve stimulation on nutritive myocardial blood flow in regional cardiac ischaemia.

The authors have studied the local blood flow regulation of the heart under the influence of the stimulation of the carotid sinus nerve in segmental myocardial ischaemia. The experiments were carried out on 38 dogs. By ligating the mid-portion of the left anterior descending coronary artery, a small artificial infarction has been produced.