Prospective associations between dietary patterns and body composition changes in European children: the IDEFICS study.

Objective: To describe dietary patterns by applying cluster analysis and to describe the cluster memberships of European children over time and their association with body composition changes.

Design: The analyses included k-means clustering based on the similarities between the relative frequencies of consumption of forty-three food items and regression models were fitted to assess the association between dietary patterns and body composition changes.

Setting: Primary schools and pre-schools of selected regions in Italy, Estonia, Cyprus, Belgium, Sweden, Hungary, Germany and Spain.

Control by Low Levels of Calcium of Mammalian Cell Membrane Electropermeabilization.

Electric pulses, when applied to a cell suspension, induce a reversible permeabilization of the plasma membrane. This permeabilized state is a long-lived process (minutes). The biophysical molecular mechanisms supporting the membrane reorganization associated to its permeabilization remain poorly understood.

Cross-cultural validation of the Falls Efficacy Scale-International to assess concerns about falls among Hungarian community-living older people.

Purpose: The Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) is a reliable and valid tool for assessing concerns about falling. Our aims were to translate, culturally adapt, and evaluate the main psychometric characteristics (internal consistency, reproducibility, and convergent construct validity) of the Hungarian version of the FES-I on a sample of community-living older adults.

Methods: After translating and culturally adapting the original scale, 165 community-living older adults (aged 60 years or over) participated in the measurements and filled in the questionnaire.

Study of the effects of multimodal exercise program on physical fitness and health perception in community-living Hungarian older adults.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects on fitness indicators and subjective health-perception of a multimodal exercise program provided by a district in Budapest among community-living seniors.

Methods: Sixty community-living older adults aged over 60 years formed beginner group (who were at the beginning of the exercise program), advanced group (who had been in the programme for 3-6 months), active group (who had been participating in the exercise program for at least 6 months, in addition to Nordic walking program) and a physically inactive control group. Balance, functional mobility, lower and upper limb strength, lower and upper body flexibility, aerobic endurance and self-reported health perception were measured at baseline, and after a 12-week follow-up period.

Changes in optical properties of electroporated cells as revealed by digital holographic microscopy.

Changes in optical and shape-related characteristics of B16F10 cells after electroporation were investigated using digital holographic microscopy (DHM). Bipolar rectangular pulses specific for electrochemotherapy were used. Electroporation was performed in an "off-axis" DHM set-up without using exogenous markers.

PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4 in pregnancy-related - and in early-onset breast cancer: A comparative study.

Purpose: We aimed to compare the immunohistochemical expression of PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4 of pregnancy-related breast cancer (PRBC) and early onset non-PRBC (YWBC), and their prognosis prediction potential was correlated to that of conventional clinicopathological factors.

Methods: Twenty-one PRBC cases were paired with 21 YWBC in this matched case-control study. Immune-checkpoint markers (ICM) were evaluated with immunohistochemistry (IHC) on whole slides using the following antibodies: PD-1 (NAT-105), PD-L1 (28-8) and CTLA-4 (F-8).

Alcohol, aging, and innate immunity.

The global population is aging: in 2010, 8% of the population was older than 65 y, and that is expected to double to 16% by 2050. With advanced age comes a heightened prevalence of chronic diseases. Moreover, elderly humans fair worse after acute diseases, namely infection, leading to higher rates of infection-mediated mortality.

The Intersection of Aging Biology and the Pathobiology of Lung Diseases: A Joint NHLBI/NIA Workshop.

Death from chronic lung disease is increasing and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has become the third leading cause of death in the United States in the past decade. Both chronic and acute lung diseases disproportionately affect elderly individuals, making it likely that these diseases will become more frequent and severe as the worldwide population ages. Chronic lung diseases are associated with substantial morbidity, frequently resulting in exercise limiting dyspnea, immobilization, and isolation.

Seagrass morphometrics at species level in Moreton Bay, Australia from 2012 to 2013.

Seagrass above, below and total biomass, density and leaf area, length and width were quantified at a species level for 122 sites over three sampling periods in Moreton Bay, Australia. Core samples were collected in two regions: (1) a high water quality region with varying species assemblages and canopy complexity (98 sites); and (2) along a turbidity gradient in the bay (24 sites within four locations). Core samples were collected using a 15 cm diameter×20 cm long corer.

Associations of commuting to school and work with demographic variables and with weight status in eight European countries: The ENERGY-cross sectional study.

This study aims to assess the prevalence of different modes of commuting to school and work for 10-12year-olds and their parents; to assess the associations with demographic variables (country, sex, parental education and ethnicity) and with weight status in eight European countries. As part of the ENERGY project a cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2010 in which modes of commuting and socio-demographic variables for children (N=7903) and one of their parents (n=6455) were measured by questionnaires. Children's weight and height were objectively measured; parents self-reported their weight and height.

NLRC5 Functions beyond MHC I Regulation-What Do We Know So Far?

NLRC5 is a member of the NLR family that acts as a transcriptional activator of MHC class I genes. In line with the function of several related NLR proteins in innate immune responses, there is, however, also ample evidence that NLRC5 contributes to innate and adaptive immune responses beyond the regulation of MHC class I genes. In human and murine cells, for example, NLRC5 was proposed to contribute to inflammatory and type I interferon responses.

Comparison of Automated Methods Versus the American Burn Association Sepsis Definition to Identify Sepsis and Sepsis With Organ Dysfunction/Septic Shock in Burn-Injured Adults.

To develop an algorithm to identify sepsis and sepsis with organ dysfunction/septic shock in burn-injured patients incorporating criteria from the American Burn Association sepsis definition that possesses good test characteristics compared with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision-Clinical Modification (ICD-9) codes and an algorithm previously validated in nonburn-injured septic patients (Martin et al method). This was a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients admitted to the burn intensive care unit between January 2008 and March 2015. Of the 4761 admitted, 8.

Clinical experiences with the use of ULTRAPRO mesh in single-stage direct-to-implant immediate postmastectomy breast reconstruction in 102 patients: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Acellular dermal matrices have been used for direct-to-implant (DTI) breast reconstruction (BR), eliminating the load of the lower pole skin envelope. However, the available allograft matrices add considerable health care costs. This study examined the long-term follow-up of synthetic ULTRAPRO mesh as a low-cost potential alternative to biological matrices.

Dietary Patterns of European Children and Their Parents in Association with Family Food Environment: Results from the I.Family Study.

The aim of this study was to determine whether an association exists between children's  and  parental  dietary  patterns  (DP),  and  whether  the  number  of  shared  meals  or  soft  drink  availability  during  meals  strengthens  this  association.  In  2013/2014  the  I.Family  study  cross-sectionally assessed the dietary intakes of families from eight European countries using 24-h  dietary recalls.

Screen-based sedentary time: Association with soft drink consumption and the moderating effect of parental education in European children: The ENERGY study.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to explore if children who spend more time on screen-based sedentary behaviors (i.e.TV viewing and computer use) drink more sugar-sweetened soft drinks.

Effects of amniotic epithelial cell transplantation in endothelial injury.

Purpose: Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) are promising tools for endothelial repair in vascular regenerative medicine. We hypothesized that these epithelial cells are capable of repairing the damaged endothelial layer following balloon injury of the carotid artery in adult male rats.

Results: Two days after injury, the transplanted hAECs were observed at the luminal side of the arterial wall.

The interrelated effect of sleep and learning in dogs (Canis familiaris); an EEG and behavioural study.

The active role of sleep in memory consolidation is still debated, and due to a large between-species variation, the investigation of a wide range of different animal species (besides humans and laboratory rodents) is necessary. The present study applied a fully non-invasive methodology to study sleep and memory in domestic dogs, a species proven to be a good model of human awake behaviours. Polysomnography recordings performed following a command learning task provide evidence that learning has an effect on dogs' sleep EEG spectrum.

Eight-year follow up result of the OTOASOR trial: The Optimal Treatment Of the Axilla - Surgery Or Radiotherapy after positive sentinel lymph node biopsy in early-stage breast cancer: A randomized, single centre, phase III, non-inferiority trial.

Introduction: The National Institute of Oncology, Budapest conducted a single centre randomized clinical study. The OTOASOR (Optimal Treatment Of the Axilla - Surgery Or Radiotherapy) trial compares completion of axillary lymph node dissection (cALND) to regional nodal irradiation (RNI) in patients with sentinel lymph node metastasis (pN1sn) in stage I-II breast cancer.

Patients And Methods: Patients with primary invasive breast cancer (cN0 and cT ≤ 3 cm) were randomized before surgery for cALND (standard treatment) or RNI (investigational treatment).

Objective decision making between conventional and oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy: An aesthetic and functional prospective cohort study.

Background: Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is considered the standard treatment for early-stage breast cancer. However, fair to poor cosmetic outcomes following conventional BCS have been observed in as many as one-third of cases. The aim of this study was to determine the critical tumor-to-breast volume ratio for each quadrant of the breast beyond which conventional BCS would no longer offer acceptable cosmetic and functional results or satisfactory quality of life for the patient.

The science, policy and practice of nature-based solutions: An interdisciplinary perspective.

In this paper, we reflect on the implications for science, policy and practice of the recently introduced concept of Nature-Based Solutions (NBS), with a focus on the European context. First, we analyse NBS in relation to similar concepts, and reflect on its relationship to sustainability as an overarching framework. From this, we derive a set of questions to be addressed and propose a general framework for how these might be addressed in NBS projects by funders, researchers, policy-makers and practitioners.

Alcohol exposure differentially effects anti-tumor immunity in females by altering dendritic cell function.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are a critical component of anti-tumor immunity due to their ability to induce a robust immune response to antigen (Ag). Alcohol was previously shown to reduce DC ability to present foreign Ag and promote pro-inflammatory responses in situations of infection and trauma. However the impact of alcohol exposure on generation of an anti-tumor response, especially in the context of generation of an immune vaccine has not been examined.

Farmland biodiversity and agricultural management on 237 farms in 13 European and two African regions.

Farmland is a major land cover type in Europe and Africa and provides habitat for numerous species. The severe decline in farmland biodiversity of the last decades has been attributed to changes in farming practices, and organic and low-input farming are assumed to mitigate detrimental effects of agricultural intensification on biodiversity. Since the farm enterprise is the primary unit of agricultural decision making, management-related effects at the field scale need to be assessed at the farm level.

Immunogenic Dendritic Cell Generation from Pluripotent Stem Cells by Ectopic Expression of Runx3.

Application of dendritic cells (DCs) to prime responses to tumor Ags provides a promising approach to immunotherapy. However, only a limited number of DCs can be manufactured from adult precursors. In contrast, pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cells represent an inexhaustible source for DC production, although it remains a major challenge to steer directional differentiation because ES cell-derived cells are typically immature with impaired functional capacity.