[Principles of pathological diagnosis in children with congenital abnormalities].

The features of establishment of pathological diagnosis in children with congenital malformations (CM) are discussed. An analysis of 1058 autopsy records of the centralized department of pathology of the Children's Clinical Hospital No. 1, Moscow, was carried out.

[Intraventricular hemorrhages: a nosological entity of the perinatal period].

186 autopsy observations of newborns (fetuses) with hemorrhages in the basin of the great cerebral vein of varying intensity and location were examined. Massive intraventricular hemorrhages (IVH) with tamponage and dilatation of the ventricles produce clinically neurological symptoms: adynamia, areflexy nystagmus, tremor. The etiology and pathogenesis of the disease have been sufficiently described, are peculiar and due to anatomo-physiological preconditions the leading role among which belongs to metabolic changes caused by hypoxia of the fetus, and regional hypertension in the great cerebral vein system particularly markedly manifest in precipitated and rapid parturitions, and in operative interventions.

[Complications of resuscitation and intensive therapy in infants (proceedings)].

Most frequent complications of infusion therapy in children include thrombosis and thrombophlebitis of the umbilical and subclavian veins. In the perinatal period thrombophlebitis of the umbilical vein is due to exogenous infection and becomes the source of umbilical sepsis. Thrombophlebitis of the subclavian vein in nurslings results more frequently from endogenous infection.

[Principles of constructing a pathologicoanatomic diagnosis in pediatric pathology].

Features of pathoanatomic diagnosis in pediatric practice associated with peculiarities of pediatric pathology are described. Pre- and perinatal pathology is etiologically and pathogenetically connected with maternal (placental) pathology which must be taken into consideration in making the diagnosis. Possible variants of pathoanatomical diagnosis in most frequent pathological conditions of this age: congenital malformations, infectious fetopathies, as well as neonate (fetal) death due to asphyxia, are considered in view of existing contraversies.

[Pathological anatomy of rubeolar embryo-fetopathy].

The paper describes two cases of congenital rubeolar embryo- and fetopathy which show that in infection with rubella virus in the 1st trimester of pregnancy the virus effect may be limited to the period of embryogenesis or extend to the fetal period as well. In the first instance, multiple developmental defects occur at the organ level; in prolonged virus effect organogenesis disorders are combined with tissue displasias and inflammatory processes, that is, the pathology typical of the fetal period. Congenital rubella is characterized by a subacute course and wide generalization of the alterative-productive inflammation: productive dermatitis, subacute productive-necrotic encephalitis and endophthalmitis, as well as giant-cell metamorphosis of alveolocytes.