Inflammaging Markers in the Extremely Cold Climate: A Case Study of Yakutian Population.

Yakutia is one of the coldest permanently inhabited regions in the world, characterized by a subarctic climate with average January temperatures near -40 °C and the minimum below -60 °C. Recently, we demonstrated accelerated epigenetic aging of the Yakutian population in comparison to their Central Russian counterparts, residing in a considerably milder climate. In this paper, we analyzed these cohorts from the inflammaging perspective and addressed two hypotheses: a mismatch in the immunological profiles and accelerated inflammatory aging in Yakuts.

Hydrodeoxygenation of anisole over SBA-15-supported Ni, Pd, and Pt mono- and bimetallic catalysts: effect of the metal's nature on catalytic activity and selectivity.

Monometallic Ni, Pd and Pt and bimetallic catalysts formed by combinations of the above metals supported on SBA-15 silica were synthesized, characterized and tested in the hydrodeoxygenation reaction of anisole. The objective of the work was to detect the effect of the nature of metals on the activity of the catalysts at different steps of anisole hydrodeoxygenation: hydrogenation of the aromatic ring of anisole and C-O bond cleavage in the intermediate cyclohexyl methyl ether. The support and the catalysts were characterized by N physisorption, X-ray diffraction, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, temperature-programmed reduction, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and HAADF-STEM.

Boosting the Hydrodeoxygenation Activity and Selectivity of Ni/(M)-SBA-15 Catalysts by Chemical Alteration of the Support.

The influence of the acid sites in the hydrodeoxygenation of anisole performed over Ni catalysts supported on SBA-15 modified with metal oxides (Ni/M-SBA-15, M = Ti, Zr, Al, or Nb) was demonstrated. Catalysts were characterized by SEM-EDX, nitrogen physisorption, XRD, UV-visible DRS, TPR, TPD of ammonia, IR-Py, O chemisorption, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The mesoporous structure and the hexagonal arrangement of the supports were maintained in the catalysts.

Brown adipose tissue thermogenesis among young adults in northeastern Siberia and Midwest United States and its relationship with other biological adaptations to cold climates.

Objectives: Recent research suggests that brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a functional role in non-shivering thermogenesis; however, few studies have examined population variation in BAT or its relationship with other mechanisms of adaptation to cold stress. This study characterized BAT thermogenesis and other adaptive responses to low temperatures among Indigenous Siberian young adults and young adults living near Chicago, IL.

Materials And Methods: We recruited 72 Yakut participants (42 females; 30 males) and 54 participants in Evanston, IL (40 females; 14 males).

Evidence for a sensitive period of plasticity in brown adipose tissue during early childhood among indigenous Siberians.

Objectives: Evolutionary theorists have debated the adaptive significance of developmental plasticity in organisms with long lifespans such as humans. This debate in part stems from uncertainty regarding the timing of sensitive periods. Does sensitivity to environmental signals fluctuate across development or does it steadily decline? We investigated developmental plasticity in brown adipose tissue (BAT) among indigenous Siberians in order to explore the timing of phenotypic sensitivity to cold stress.

Cryostructuring of Polymeric Systems. 52. Properties, Microstructure and an Example of a Potential Biomedical Use of the Wide-Pore Alginate Cryostructurates.

Wide-pore cryostructurates were prepared via freezing sodium alginate aqueous solutions with subsequent ice sublimation from the frozen samples, followed by their incubation in the ethanol solutions of calcium chloride or sulfuric acid, rinsing, and final drying. Such sequence of operations resulted in the calcium alginate or alginic acid sponges, respectively. The swelling degree of the walls of macropores in such matrices decreased with increasing polymer concentration in the initial solution.

Brown adipose tissue, energy expenditure, and biomarkers of cardio-metabolic health among the Yakut (Sakha) of northeastern Siberia.

Objectives: This study provides the first investigation of non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity among an indigenous circumpolar population, the Yakut of northeastern Siberia. The study also examines the health significance of BAT activity in this population by testing the relationships between BAT thermogenesis and biomarkers of cardio-metabolic disease risk, such as percent body fat and blood glucose and cholesterol levels.

Methods: Data were collected in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) for 31 men and 43 women.

[The Attitude to One's Own Health Among Native Residents of Yakutia].

The study was carried out concerning value reference points and attitudes of native population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) intended for health preservation. The analysis was applied to answers of 292 respondents residing in rural area of Yakutia. The analysis of answers of value motivation section demonstrated that for most respondents their health is a priority value of life.

Lifestyle mediates seasonal changes in metabolic health among the yakut (sakha) of northeastern siberia.

Objectives: Among indigenous circumpolar populations, extreme seasonality influences food availability and energy metabolism. Furthermore, subsistence patterns and wage labor opportunities shift with season. Thus, health measures among circumpolar populations likely exhibit seasonal changes that are influenced by lifestyle factors.

[THE CHARACTERISTIC OF SOMATOTYPE AND FUNCTIONAL STATE OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEM OF STUDENT YOUTH OF THE NORTHEAST OF RUSSIA].

The article considers results of single-step study in random sampling of female students of the M.K. Ammosov north-east federal university (n=456).

Adiponectin, hemoglobin, and cardiovascular risk in an indigenous siberian population.

Objectives: Adipose tissue hypoxia appears to play a role in promoting chronic inflammation and the development of obesity-related cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, yet the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. The aim of the present research is to examine whether adiponectin levels (an adipocyte-derived hormone with anti-inflammatory properties) are inversely correlated with hemoglobin levels in an indigenous Siberian population.

Methods: The study was conducted among 252 Yakut adults (≥18 years; 135 females) from Berdygestiakh, Sakha Republic, Russia.

Socio-demographic predictors of sleep complaints in indigenous Siberians with a mixed economy.

Objectives: Socio-demographic indicators closely relate to sleep in industrialized populations. However we know very little about how such factors impact sleep in populations undergoing industrialization. Within populations transitioning to the global economy, the preliminary evidence has found an inconsistent relationship between socio-demographics and sleep complaints across countries and social strata.

Do physical activity and sedentary behavior relate to cardio-metabolic risk factor clustering in indigenous Siberian adults?

Objectives: To investigate whether having multiple risk factors for cardio-metabolic disease is associated with objectively measured physical activity or sedentary behavior within a sample of Yakut (Sakha) of Siberia.

Methods: This cross sectional study involved 63 Yakut adults (32 men) who were measured for cardio-metabolic risk factors. Free living physical activity and sedentary behavior were calculated from waist accelerometry.

Seasonal variation in basal metabolic rates among the Yakut (Sakha) of Northeastern Siberia.

Objectives: Previous research has shown that indigenous circumpolar populations have elevated basal metabolic rates (BMRs), yet few studies have explored whether metabolic rates increase during the winter. This study addresses this gap by examining seasonal variation in BMR and its associations with thyroid function and lifestyle factors among the Yakut (Sakha) of Siberia.

Methods: Anthropometric dimensions, BMR, and thyroid hormone levels (free triiodothyronine [fT3], free thyroxine [fT4], thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]) were measured on two occasions (July/August, 2009 and January 2011) on a sample of 94 Yakut (Sakha) adults (35 men, 59 women) from the rural village of Berdygestiakh, Sakha Republic, Russia.

Physicochemical and adsorption properties of hypercross-linked polystyrene with ultimate cross-linking density.

The paper describes unexpected properties of hypercross-linked polystyrenes with ultimate cross-linking degrees of 300, 400, and 500%, where three, four, or five methylene links, respectively, could bind each polystyrene phenyl ring to its spacious neighbors. The polymers exhibit a strong electron spin resonance signal, unusual spectra in IR, UV, and visible ranges, and they are not typical dielectrics. The nonfunctionalized hypercross-linked polymers absorb significant amounts of inorganic acids, salts, and bases due to interactions of protons or other cations with electron-donating fragments of the aromatic network with the high extent of mutual connectivity and also due to dispersion interactions of anions with the polymer matrix.

[Study of efficiency of ceraxon in the treatment of lag psychomotor development of children with hypoxic-ischemic lesions of central nervous system].

The study involved 76 children aged 0-2, who suffered perinatal hypoxic-ischemic central nervous system lesion. Psychomotor development of children has been studied, and the results that demonstrate the effectiveness of incorporating ceraxon in the complex therapy of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, have been obtained.

Three-component reaction of tautomeric amidines with 3-ferrocenylmethylidene-2,4-pentanedione. Formation of polymeric coordination complexes of potassium ferrocenyl-(hexahydro)pyrimidoxides.

Acetamidine hydrochloride and p-aminobenzamidine dihydrochloride interact with 3-ferrocenylmethylidene-2,4-pentanedione at 80-82 °C in the presence of K2CO3 in the water-alcohol medium in two tautomeric forms (the amidoimine and enediamine ones) with formation of mixtures of pyrimidine and piperidone derivatives and polymeric coordination complexes of potassium ferrocenyl(hexahydro)pyrimidoxides. The structure of the resultant compounds is elucidated on the basis of IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis data. The crystal structures of 6-ferrocenyl-4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-piperidone, potassium 6-ferrocenyl-4-methyl-2-methylidene(hexahydro)pyrimidin-4-oxide and 2-(4-aminophenyl)-4-ferrocenyl-6-methyl-pyrimidine were determined by X-ray analysis of suitable single crystals.

Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour of Yakut (Sakha) adults.

Background: Circumpolar regions are undergoing social and economic transition, which often corresponds to a behavioural transition. Yet, physical activity and sedentary behaviour are rarely objectively measured within these groups.

Aim: This study aimed to characterize objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour in a sample of indigenous Siberians.

Seasonal and socioeconomic influences on thyroid function among the Yakut (Sakha) of Eastern Siberia.

Objectives: Previous research has shown that the extreme cold and short day lengths of polar winters promote increased production and uptake of thyroid hormones, resulting in marked declines in free triiodothyronine (fT3). However, this "polar T3 syndrome" has been documented almost exclusively on small samples of male sojourners and little is known about seasonal changes in thyroid function among indigenous circumpolar groups. The present study addresses this gap by examining seasonal changes in thyroid hormone levels among the indigenous Yakut (Sakha) of northeastern Siberia.

4-Ferrocenylpyridine- and 4-ferrocenyl-3-ferrocenylmethyl-3,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarbonitriles: multi-component synthesis, structures and electrochemistry.

The reactions of 2-cyano-3-ferrocenylacrylonitrile (1) with malononitrile (2) in a MeOH/H₂O or 2-PrOH/H₂O medium in the presence of Na₂CO₃ afforded 6-alkoxy-2-amino-4-ferrocenylpyridine-3,5-dicarbonitriles 3a,b (multi-component condensation) and 6-alkoxy-2-amino-4-ferrocenyl-3-ferrocenylmethyl-3,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarbonitriles 4a,b (multi-component cyclodimerization). Analogous reactions of 1 with 2 in an MeOH/H₂O medium in the presence of NaOH, piperidine, or morpholine gave compounds 3a, 4a and 2-amino-4-ferrocenyl-6-hydroxy-, 6-piperidino- and 6-morpholinopyridine-3,5-dicarbonitriles 3c-e, respectively. The structures of the compounds 3b, 4a and 4b were established by the spectroscopic data and X-ray diffraction analysis.

[The distribution of iodine-125 labeled alpha-fetoprotein in the animal organism and its accumulation in the tumor].

The distribution of iodine-125 labeled human alpha-fetoprotein in mice was studied after its intravenous injection. The maximal accumulation of alpha-fetoprotein in different tissues and organs of animals was observed mainly 5 hours after injection. Then the protein was gradually eliminated from the body.

Study of high-resolution H1 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the serum and its albumin faction in patients with the first schizophrenia episode.

We studied high-resolution (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the serum and serum albumin from patients with the first episode of schizophrenia and healthy individuals. A relative increase in signal intensities of CH(2) protons in serum LDL and VLDL in schizophrenia was demonstrated. Higher intensities of CH(2) and CH(3) protons of non-esterified fatty acids were found in (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of serum albumin.

Circumpolar adaptation, social change, and the development of autoimmune thyroid disorders among the Yakut (Sakha) of Siberia.

Objectives: Alterations in thyroid function appear to play a central role in adaptation to Arctic environments. Increased thyroid activity in indigenous circumpolar populations is associated with upregulated metabolism, including elevated basal metabolic rate (BMR); however, little is known about the possible health consequences of these climate-induced changes on thyroid function. The focus of the present study is to determine the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disorders and their lifestyle and metabolic correlates among a sample of indigenous Yakut adults from northeastern Siberia.

A mitochondrial enzyme degrades carotenoids and protects against oxidative stress.

Carotenoids are the precursors for vitamin A and are proposed to prevent oxidative damage to cells. Mammalian genomes encode a family of structurally related nonheme iron oxygenases that modify double bonds of these compounds by oxidative cleavage and cis-to-trans isomerization. The roles of the family members BCMO1 and RPE65 for vitamin A production and vision have been well established.

Dendrimers containing ferrocene and porphyrin moieties: synthesis and cubic non-linear optical behavior.

Dendrons with ferrocenyl ended groups joined by styryl moieties were attached to a porphyrin core. All the dendrons used for dendrimer synthesis showed trans configuration. The chemical structure of the first generation dendron was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic studies.