Self-Harm Before and Six Months After Obesity Surgery.

Purpose: Previous research on obesity surgery (OS) showed that patients do not only experience weight loss but also improvements in certain mental health outcomes (e.g., depression) after OS.

A multi-lab study of bilingual infants: Exploring the preference for infant-directed speech.

From the earliest months of life, infants prefer listening to and learn better from infant-directed speech (IDS) than adult-directed speech (ADS). Yet, IDS differs within communities, across languages, and across cultures, both in form and in prevalence. This large-scale, multi-site study used the diversity of bilingual infant experiences to explore the impact of different types of linguistic experience on infants' IDS preference.

Two Siblings With Valproate-Related Hyperammonemia and Novel Mutations in Glutamine Synthetase Treated With Carglumic Acid.

This case report describes 2 siblings with myoclonic epilepsy who had novel mutations in the glutamine synthetase () gene: c.316C>T, p.(Arg106*) and c.

FASStR: a framework for ensuring high-quality operational metrics in health care.

Objectives: Poorly defined measurement impairs interinstitutional comparison, interpretation of results, and process improvement in health care operations. We sought to develop a unifying framework that could be used by administrators, practitioners, and investigators to help define and document operational performance measures that are comparable and reproducible.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis.

A social marketing perspective of young adults' concepts of eating for health: is it a question of morality?

Background: Poor dietary choices are a risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Young adults have low levels of engagement towards their health and may not see the importance in the adoption of healthy eating behaviours at this stage in their lives. Here we utilise social marketing principles, digital ethnography and online conversations to gain insights into young adults' attitudes and sentiments towards healthy eating.

Recruiting people with HIV to an online self-management support randomised controlled trial: barriers and facilitators.

Unlabelled: Background Recruitment of people to randomised trials of online interventions presents particular challenges and opportunities. The aim of this study was to evaluate factors associated with the recruitment of people with HIV (PWHIV) and their doctors to the HealthMap trial, a cluster randomised trial of an online self-management program.

Methods: Recruitment involved a three-step process.

Considering the Impact of Social Media on Contemporary Improvement of Australian Aboriginal Health: Scoping Review.

Background: Social media may have a significant role in influencing the present and future health implications among Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, yet there has been no review of the role of social media in improving health.

Objective: This study aims to examine the extent of health initiatives using social media that aimed to improve the health of Australian Aboriginal communities.

Methods: A scoping review was conducted by systematically searching databases CINAHL Plus; PubMed; Scopus; Web of Science, and Ovid MEDLINE in June 2017 using the terms and their synonyms "Aboriginal" and "Social media.

The systematic development of a complex intervention: HealthMap, an online self-management support program for people with HIV.

Background: Despite persistent calls for HIV care to adopt a chronic care approach, few HIV treatment services have been able to establish service arrangements that prioritise self-management. To prevent cardiovascular and other chronic disease outcomes, the HealthMap program aims to enhance routine HIV care with opportunities for self-management support. This paper outlines the systematic process that was used to design and develop the HealthMap program, prior to its evaluation in a cluster-randomised trial.

Social media use for nutrition outcomes in young adults: a mixed-methods systematic review.

Background: Social media has been widely adopted by young adults, consequently health researchers are looking for ways to leverage this engagement with social media for the delivery of interventions and health promotion campaigns. Weight gain and sub-optimal dietary choices are common in young adults, and social media may be a potential tool to facilitate and support healthier choices.

Methods: We conducted a mixed-methods systematic review of studies examining social media use for nutrition-related outcomes in young adults.

Communicating health-Optimising young adults' engagement with health messages using social media: Study protocol.

Background: Obesity is a global health problem. Understanding how to utilise social media (SM) as a platform for intervention and engagement with young adults (YAs) will help the practitioners to harness this media more effectively for obesity prevention.

Aim: Communicating health (CH) aims to understand the use of SM by YAs, including Aboriginal YAs, and in doing so will improve the effectiveness of SM strategies to motivate, engage and retain YAs in interventions to reduce the risk of obesity, and identify and disseminate effective ways for health professionals to deliver obesity prevention interventions via SM.

What People "Like": Analysis of Social Media Strategies Used by Food Industry Brands, Lifestyle Brands, and Health Promotion Organizations on Facebook and Instagram.

Background: Health campaigns have struggled to gain traction with young adults using social media, even though more than 80% of young adults are using social media at least once per day. Many food industry and lifestyle brands have been successful in achieving high levels of user engagement and promoting their messages; therefore, there may be lessons to be learned by examining the successful strategies commercial brands employ.

Objective: This study aims to identify and quantify social media strategies used by the food industry and lifestyle brands, and health promotion organizations across the social networking sites Facebook and Instagram.

Development and evaluation of a scale assessing therapist fidelity to guidelines for delivering therapist-assisted Internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy.

Internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) is often accompanied by therapist emails, but there is limited research on the quality of this therapist-assistance. In this study, an ICBT Therapist Rating Scale (ICBT-TRS) was developed and evaluated to assess whether therapist emails showed fidelity to specific therapist behaviours. Using data from a previous ICBT trial for depression and anxiety, the ICBT-TRS was used to rate 706 emails sent by 39 therapists to 91 randomly selected patients.

An investigation of the cost of food in the Geelong region of rural Victoria: Essential data to support planning to improve access to nutritious food.

Issue Addressed: Affordability of a healthy diet is a determinant of nutritional intake and therefore health. This project aimed to measure the cost of healthy foods across a geographically defined region and examine factors related to changing food prices to assist in informing health promotion practice.

Methods: The cost of a healthy food basket was measured using the Victorian Healthy Food Basket tool, in all eligible stores, across five rural local government areas in Western Victoria, Australia in 2014, 2015 and 2016.

Appointment scheduling in multi-stage outpatient clinics.

Healthcare providers can benefit from adding less costly capacity to their existing resources in order to satisfy demand while maintaining the quality of patient care. The addition of mid-level service providers (MLSPs) such as physician assistants or nurse practitioners that carry out portions of patient care provides a viable alternative for adding physician capacity. This research considers the circumstances under which adding an MLSP to a single-physician outpatient office becomes the best strategy for the clinic, and determines how scheduling policies from the widely-researched single-stage environment should be adjusted for a multi-stage environment.

Mentalization-Based Treatment Techniques in Group Therapy.

In the past 25 years, mentalization-based treatment (MBT) has become an increasingly well-known addition to the group therapy literature. In this article, mentalizing will be explained and a number of key concepts and interventions of MBT described. MBT's usefulness for enhancing group therapy and developing client resilience and internal capacity will be explored, and examples of applications to psychodynamic group therapy will be offered.

Bioresorbable vascular scaffolds for the treatment of coronary artery disease: what have we learned from randomized-controlled clinical trials?

Although current everolimus-eluting coronary stents have shown improved event-free survival within the first year following implantation compared with bare-metal stents or earlier generation drug-eluting stents, they remain associated with an ongoing risk for adverse outcomes (thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and restenosis) beyond 1 year at rates similar to those observed following bare-metal stent deployment. This ongoing very late hazard has been attributed to the permanent presence of the metal frame and/or polymer in these stents. The Absorb everolimus-eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffold (Absorb BVS) has been developed to provide mechanical support and drug-delivery functions similar to metallic drug-eluting stents, followed by complete resorption with recovery of more normal vascular structure and function, thus avoiding the limitations associated with permanent metallic endovascular prostheses.

Parent readiness for discharge from a tertiary care pediatric cardiology unit.

Purpose: This study aimed to measure parents' readiness for discharge from a pediatric cardiology/cardiac surgical inpatient unit.

Design And Methods: An observational study was conducted at a single tertiary care pediatric cardiac surgical program; parents received teaching from a discharge coordinator, bedside nurse, and, if needed, dietician and pharmacist. We surveyed parents/guardians on the day of discharge and 2 weeks later.

HealthMap: a cluster randomised trial of interactive health plans and self-management support to prevent coronary heart disease in people with HIV.

Background: The leading causes of morbidity and mortality for people in high-income countries living with HIV are now non-AIDS malignancies, cardiovascular disease and other non-communicable diseases associated with ageing. This protocol describes the trial of HealthMap, a model of care for people with HIV (PWHIV) that includes use of an interactive shared health record and self-management support. The aims of the HealthMap trial are to evaluate engagement of PWHIV and healthcare providers with the model, and its effectiveness for reducing coronary heart disease risk, enhancing self-management, and improving mental health and quality of life of PWHIV.

Associations between vitamin D metabolites, antiretroviral therapy and bone mineral density in people with HIV.

Rationale: To see if vitamin D and antiretroviral therapy are associated with bone mineral density (BMD) in people with HIV.

Result: Lower hip BMD was associated with tenofovir (an antiretroviral medicine) in those with 25(OH)D ≥50 nmol/L.

Significance: The relationship between antiretroviral therapy and hip BMD differs depending on vitamin D status.

Vitamin D deficiency is common in HIV-infected southern Australian adults.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency can have serious health consequences and may be particularly important for those living with HIV. It is unknown whether HIV infection is a risk factor for vitamin D deficiency. The aim of the study was to determine whether vitamin D deficiency is more common in HIV-infected than in HIV-uninfected individuals.

Testing for HIV among men who have sex with men needs a paradigm shift in Australia, given the minimal increase between 2003 and 2013 in Melbourne, Australia.

Unlabelled: Background Increasing the frequency of HIV testing in men who have sex with men (MSM) will reduce the incidence of HIV. Trends in HIV testing among MSM in Melbourne, Australia over the last 11 years have been investigated.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using electronic medical records of the first presentation of MSM who attended the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre between 2003 and 2013.

High prevalence of rectal gonorrhoea among men reporting contact with men with gonorrhoea: Implications for epidemiological treatment.

Background: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of gonorrhoea and factors associated with rectal gonorrhoea among men reporting sexual contact with men with gonorrhoea.

Methods: Men who presented to Melbourne Sexual Health Centre reporting sexual contact with a male with gonorrhoea were prospectively identified between March 2011 and December 2013. These men were screened for pharyngeal and rectal gonorrhoea using culture.

Interventional Management of Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Disease: Patient Selection and Technique Optimization.

For many years, coronary artery bypass graft surgery has been the gold standard for revascularization of patients with left main disease; however, increasing evidence suggests that percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents may be an acceptable alternative or even preferred in select cases. This review will present clinical evidence examining the outcomes of drug-eluting stents compared to coronary artery bypass graft surgery for unprotected left main coronary artery disease and discuss the anatomic factors, patient variables, and clinical strategies that may dictate choice of revascularization modality for patients with left main disease. If percutaneous coronary intervention is selected to treat unprotected left main disease, meticulous technique is essential to optimize outcomes, including use of procedural physiology and imaging guidance, optimal stent and adjunct pharmacology use, and expert management of the distal bifurcation.

Vitamin D Deficiency May Be Associated with a More Rapid Decline in CD4 Cell Count to <350 Cells/µL in Untreated HIV-Infected Adults.

Objectives: Low vitamin D status is associated with both increased disease progression and mortality in people with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, data are lacking on effects of vitamin status on disease progression and CD4 cell count in people with HIV not receiving ART. We therefore evaluated effects of vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] <50 nmol/L) on the decline in CD4 cell count in people with HIV not receiving ART.

Ultraviolet index and location are important determinants of vitamin D status in people with human immunodeficiency virus.

This study aimed to document the vitamin D status of HIV-infected individuals across a wide latitude range in one country and to examine associated risk factors for low vitamin D. Using data from patients attending four HIV specialist clinics across a wide latitude range in Australia, we constructed logistic regression models to investigate risk factors associated with 25(OH)D < 75 nmol L(-1). 1788 patients were included; 87% were male, 76% Caucasian and 72% on antiretroviral therapy.