Dual-frequency electromagnetic sounding of a Triton ocean from a single flyby.

Triton, the largest satellite of Neptune, is in a retrograde orbit and is likely a captured Kuiper Belt Object (KBO). Triton has a mean density of only 2.061 gm/cm and is therefore believed to have a 250-400 km thick hydrosphere.

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas: Cytologic-histologic correlation study and evaluation of the cytologic accuracy in identifying high-grade dysplasia/invasive adenocarcinoma.

Objective: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) may be associated with invasive adenocarcinoma, low-grade dysplasia (LGD), or high-grade dysplasia (HGD). We aimed to review the cytologic-histologic correlation of cases with a histologic diagnosis of IPMN.

Material And Methods: A database search (January 2010-January 2021) was performed for resected IPMNs with preceding endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA).

PAX-8 Expression in Salivary Duct Carcinoma.

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a high-grade adenocarcinoma resembling breast ductal carcinoma. It accounts for ~10% of malignant tumors of the salivary glands. Most cases show expression of CK7 and androgen receptor.

Utilization of Dynamic Telecytopathology for Rapid Onsite Evaluation of Touch Imprint Cytology of Needle Core Biopsy: Diagnostic Accuracy and Pitfalls.

In the era of personalized medicine, there has been an increase in demand on cytopathology service to perform rapid onsite evaluation of touch imprints (ROSETIs) of needle core biopsies (NCBs) to ensure sample adequacy and provide preliminary diagnosis. Limited publications have addressed use of telecytopathology for ROSETIs. We present our experience with telecytopathology-guided ROSETIs of NCBs.

Anti-NMDAR-Positive Small-Cell Lung Cancer Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction: Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis (PLE) is a rare disease that presents as rapid onset dementia characterized by short-term memory loss (STM), anxiety, and behavioral changes. Anti-NMDAR antibodies are unfrequently reported in PLE associated with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Given that PLE can precede the diagnosis of cancer, it is very important that once infectious, metabolic, nutritional, or structural disorders associated with short-term memory loss are ruled out that vigorous effort must be made to rule out underlying malignancy.

Cytomorphologic findings of cervical Pap smears from female-to-male transgender patients on testosterone therapy.

Background: The cervical cancer screening recommendation for transgender female-to-male (FTM) patients is the same as that for cisgender females. A lack of literature on testosterone-induced changes in cervical cytology in these patients may result in interpretation errors, especially without a proper clinical history. The aim of this study was to delineate the Papanicolaou (Pap) test findings in this patient population.

Incidence of Non-Salivary Gland Neoplasms in Patients with Warthin Tumor: A Study of 73 Cases.

Warthin tumor is the second most common benign parotid neoplasm. Its association with non-salivary gland neoplasms has been sporadically reported. We reviewed clinical records of Warthin tumor diagnosed on aspiration cytology and surgical pathology to determine if there is any association with other extra-salivary gland malignant neoplasms.

HPV16-Immortalized Cells from Human Transformation Zone and Endocervix are More Dysplastic than Ectocervical Cells in Organotypic Culture.

A major risk factor for cervical cancer is persistent infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) which can cause cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Greater than 90% of cervical cancers develop in the transformation zone (TZ), a small region of metaplastic squamous epithelium at the squamocolumnar junction between endocervix and ectocervix. However, it is unclear why this region is highly susceptible to malignant progression.

Saturn's magnetic field revealed by the Cassini Grand Finale.

During 2017, the Cassini fluxgate magnetometer made in situ measurements of Saturn's magnetic field at distances ~2550 ± 1290 kilometers above the 1-bar surface during 22 highly inclined Grand Finale orbits. These observations refine the extreme axisymmetry of Saturn's internal magnetic field and show displacement of the magnetic equator northward from the planet's physical equator. Persistent small-scale magnetic structures, corresponding to high-degree (>3) axisymmetric magnetic moments, were observed.

Histopathologic and Cytologic Follow-Up in High Risk Male Patients with Unsatisfactory Anal Cytology.

Objective: Anal cytology is being increasingly used as part of anal cancer screening in patients at high risk for anal neoplasia. Most studies in anal cytology have focused on correlating the abnormal anal Pap smear with histopathologic outcomes. The aim of this study was to document histopathologic or repeat anal cytology outcomes in patients with unsatisfactory cytology.

Quantitative Proton Spectroscopy of the Testes at 3 T: Toward a Noninvasive Biomarker of Spermatogenesis.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare testicular metabolite concentrations between fertile control subjects and infertile men.

Materials And Methods: Single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-MRS) was performed in the testes with and without water suppression at 3 T in 9 fertile control subjects and 9 infertile patients (8 with azoospermia and 1 with oligospermia). In controls only, the T1 and T2 values of water and metabolites were also measured.

Utility of Immunohistochemistry and (12p13) Gene Rearrangement in Identifying Secretory Carcinoma of Salivary Gland among Previously Diagnosed Cases of Acinic Cell Carcinoma.

. Secretory carcinoma is a recently described entity with characteristic immunoprofile and (12p13) rearrangement. Before its initial description, it was generally diagnosed as acinic cell carcinoma (ACCi).

Destaining of Diff-Quik stained cytologic smears is not necessary for the detection of anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene rearrangement in lung adenocarcinoma by fluorescence hybridization.

Background: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase () gene rearrangement analysis by fluorescence hybridization (FISH) is one of the standard molecular tests for targeted therapy of lung adenocarcinoma. However, insufficient cell block cellularity may impede molecular testing. A recent study showed that Diff-Quik (DQ) stained cytology smear is suitable for by FISH.

Surface current balance and thermoelectric whistler wings at airless astrophysical bodies: Cassini at Rhea.

Unlabelled: Sharp magnetic perturbations found by the Cassini spacecraft at the edge of the Rhea flux tube are consistent with field-aligned flux tube currents. The current system results from the difference of ion and electron gyroradii and the requirement to balance currents on the sharp Rhea surface. Differential-type hybrid codes that solve for ion velocity and magnetic field have an intrinsic difficulty modeling the plasma absorber's sharp surface.

Rapid on-site evaluation with dynamic telecytopathology for ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of head and neck nonthyroid lesions.

Background: Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) at the time of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (USGFNA) of head and neck lesion is essential for obtaining adequate samples and providing the preliminary diagnosis. We summarize our experience with ROSE of USGFNA on head and neck nonthyroid lesions using telecytopathology.

Materials And Methods: Real-time images of Diff-Quik stained cytology smears were obtained at ultrasound suite with an Olympus DP-70 digital camera attached to an Olympus CX41 microscope, and transmitted via ethernet by a cytotechnologist to a cytopathologist in cytopathology laboratory who rendered a preliminary diagnosis.

Detection of a strongly negative surface potential at Saturn's moon Hyperion.

On 26 September 2005, Cassini conducted its only close targeted flyby of Saturn's small, irregularly shaped moon Hyperion. Approximately 6 min before the closest approach, the electron spectrometer (ELS), part of the Cassini Plasma Spectrometer (CAPS) detected a field-aligned electron population originating from the direction of the moon's surface. Plasma wave activity detected by the Radio and Plasma Wave instrument suggests electron beam activity.

Field dipolarization in Saturn's magnetotail with planetward ion flows and energetic particle flow bursts: Evidence of quasi-steady reconnection.

We present a case study of an event from 20 August (day 232) of 2006, when the Cassini spacecraft was sampling the region near 32 and 22 h LT in Saturn's magnetotail. Cassini observed a strong northward-to-southward turning of the magnetic field, which is interpreted as the signature of dipolarization of the field as seen by the spacecraft planetward of the reconnection X line. This event was accompanied by very rapid (up to ~1500 km s) thermal plasma flow toward the planet.

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of secondary neoplasms of the thyroid gland: a multi-institutional study of 62 cases.

Background: Secondary neoplasms of the thyroid gland (SNTGs) are uncommon, and it is important to recognize them in thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB).

Methods: The authors report a cohort of 62 SNTGs from 7 institutions in the United States and Europe. Patients were identified retrospectively by searching through medical records of the respective institutions.

Telecytopathology for on-site adequacy evaluation decreases the nondiagnostic rate in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of pancreatic lesions.

Objective: Advances in digital imaging methods have resulted in use of telecytology in the immediate assessment of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens. We retrospectively compared the nondiagnostic rate for endoscopic ultrasound-guided (EUS) FNA of pancreatic lesions in two groups: one with on-site evaluation for adequacy via telecytopathology and the other without on-site adequacy evaluation.

Subjects And Methods: All patients undergoing EUS-FNA of pancreatic lesions over a 2-year period were included.

Prevalence of circulating tumor cells in localized prostate cancer.

Background: Circulating tumor cells (CTC) predict overall survival in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. The objective of this study is to measure CTC before radical prostatectomy in intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: The study accrued 12 patients and 10 provided adequate peripheral blood sample.

Serum testosterone levels and mortality in men with CKD stages 3-4.

Background: Hypogonadism in men (total testosterone <350 ng/dL) is associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in men on dialysis therapy. We evaluated the association of hypogonadism with all-cause mortality in men with non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Study Design: Retrospective, cohort study.

Office-based sperm retrieval for treatment of infertility.

This article describes sperm retrieval procedures that may be performed in an office setting. Indications for sperm retrieval, preprocedural preparation, and anesthetic considerations are discussed. Vasal sperm aspiration, percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration, microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration, testicular sperm aspiration, conventional, and microdissection testicular sperm extraction are reviewed.

The economic burden of genetic tests for the infertile male: a pilot algorithm to improve test predictive value.

Purpose: We developed a model to optimize genetic testing in infertile men with nonobstructive azoospermia and severe oligospermia. We also assessed the optimal cutoff value of the predicted probability of advising genetic testing and evaluated the direct cost saving of using the model.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of infertile men who underwent Y microdeletion and karyotype testing at our fertility center from 2006 to 2012.