Room-temperature ultraviolet nanowire nanolasers.

Room-temperature ultraviolet lasing in semiconductor nanowire arrays has been demonstrated. The self-organized, <0001> oriented zinc oxide nanowires grown on sapphire substrates were synthesized with a simple vapor transport and condensation process. These wide band-gap semiconductor nanowires form natural laser cavities with diameters varying from 20 to 150 nanometers and lengths up to 10 micrometers.

[Neurosis and accident insurance].

The federal law-court for social insurance in Switzerland has recently changed his way of judging insurance claims for neurotic sequels of accidents. A short history of the traumatic neurosis is given and the consequences of this new situation are discussed in view of the psychiatrist as legal expert.

Neonatal severe primary hyperparathyroidism and alkaptonuria in a boy born to related parents with familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia.

We describe a study of a boy with neonatal severe primary hyperparathyroidism (NSPHP) and alkaptonuria born to related parents of Turkish origin. The clinical and chemical courses (e.g.

[Medical ethics problems in psychiatry].

A humanitarian attitude and ethical convictions have contributed much to the development of psychiatry. In the present time these convictions have been codified, for instance in the declaration of the World Federation of Psychiatry in Hawaii 1977. In more detail the author discusses 3 areas where ethical considerations have special significance: the scope of psychotherapy, psychosurgery, and the use of psychiatric means to suppress and discipline politically dissident persons.

[The endocrine psychosyndrome in the long term. III. A catamnestic reexamination of patients suffering from hypothalamo-hypopituitary dwarfism (author's transl)].

Fifteen patients (4 females and 11 males) with hypothalamo-hypopituitary dwarfism underwent extensive psychiatric investigation in 1962-1965. A follow-up study of the personality development and social conditions was made in 1977. The age of the patients ranged from 31 to 56 years (the average being 40).

Pseudohypoparathyroidism and idiopathic hypoparathyroidism: relationship between serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels and urinary cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate response to parathyroid extract.

Forty patients with hypocalcemia and/or Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy were studied. Based on the estimation of serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels as well as the urinary cAMP response to infusions with parathyroid extract, it was possible to classify all of the patients studied as cases with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism (n = 6, low PTH, normal cAMP response), pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) type I (n = 18, high PTH, low cAMP response) and type II (n = 2, high PTH, normal cAMP response), as well as pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism (n = 14, normal PTH, normal cAMP response). In three cases studied at the age of 12, 17, and 23 yr, the signs of Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy were not observed.

Vitamin D therapy in hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism: weight-related dosages for initiation of therapy and maintenance therapy.

The aims of this study were to determine the dose of vitamin D2 that maintains the serum calcium level within the normal range in hypoparathyroid and pseudohypoparathyroid children and to establish a safe and quickly acting dose for initiating therapy in symptomatic patients. The dose requirement for maintenance therapy was studied in 11 patients and initiation therapy was studied in five newly diagnosed hypocalcemic patients. The results show that (1) the maintenance requirement of vitamin D2 is proportional to body weight and averages 2,000 IU (50 microgram)/kg/day for children of all ages and with all types of hypoparathyroid disorders and the (2) in newly diagnosed symptomatic patients, carefully controlled administration of 8,000 IU (200 microgram) vitamin D2/kg/day for the first one to two weeks corrects hypocalcemia quickly and safely.

Keratitis with hypoparathyroidism.

Chronic kiratitis developed in two children with nonsurgical hypoparathyroidism, as part of an autosomal recessive syndrome that included adrenal insufficiency and moniliasis in what was postulated to be an autoimmune disease. The corneal changes may also have been caused by autoimmune mechanism. Activity of the keratitis diminished once the hypoparathyroidism had been brought under control.

[The endocrine psychosyndrome in the long term. II. A catamnestic reexamination after treatment of patients suffering from Cushing's syndrome (author's transl)].

Twelve patients with Cushing's syndrome (11 females, 1 male) who were examined for psychopathologic alterations in the course of the endocrine disease during the years 1960-61, were reexamined in 1976 regarding psychiatric sequelae after treatment. Ten patients had been treated by adrenalectomy, one patient by radiotherapy of the hypophysis, and one patient had refused any treatment. The average lapse of time from operation to reexamination or death (five patients) was 15 2/3 years.

[The endocrine psychosyndrome in the long term. I. A cantamnestic reexamination of patients suffering from panhypopituitarism (author's transl)].

Twelve patients (8 females, 4 males) with panhypopituitarism who had been thoroughly examined psychiatrically in 1957 and 1958 were reexamined in 1974 for psychopathologic alterations in the course of their endocrine disease. Eleven patients had been receiving an adequate hormonal treatment during the intervening years or (four patients) until the time of their death. Seven patients showed a good or excellent result of hormonal therapy, in respect of the psychic symptoms: the endocrine psychosyndrome which had been observed prior to treatment had improved considerably.

Neonatal mucolipidosis II (I-cell disease): clinical and radiologic features in three cases.

Three unrelated southern Italian children manifested I-cell within the first month of life, but it was not recognized initially. Radiologic findings of osteopenia, subperiosteal new bone formation and resorption, and irregular metaphyses suggested systemic bone disease. Premature suture synostosis was evident at age 2-4 weeks.

Quantification of bone mineralization using computed tomography.

Computed tomography was used to find a sensitive parameter for bone mineralization. A precision scanning instrument was constructed for determination of the mineral distribution in sections of the forearm. The quality of the reconstructed images allows separate quantification of compact and spongy bone even when gamma rays are used.

[Herpes simplex encephalitis in newborns. Treatment with 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridin? (author's transl)].

Premature twins both affected with generalized herpes simplex infection including CNS involvement were treated with 5-Iodo-2'-deoxyuridin (IDU). Therapy was started 6 days and 5 days, respectively, after appearance of the first symptoms. Nevertheless both babies died, twin A at the age of 24 and twin B at the age of 28 days.