Long-term climate and hydrologic regimes shape stream invertebrate community responses to a hurricane disturbance.

Disturbances can produce a spectrum of short- and long-term ecological consequences that depend on complex interactions of the characteristics of the event, antecedent environmental conditions, and the intrinsic properties of resistance and resilience of the affected biological system. We used Hurricane Harvey's impact on coastal rivers of Texas to examine the roles of storm-related changes in hydrology and long-term precipitation regime on the response of stream invertebrate communities to hurricane disturbance. We detected declines in richness, diversity and total abundance following the storm, but responses were strongly tied to direct and indirect effects of long-term aridity and short-term changes in stream hydrology.

A general pattern of trade-offs between ecosystem resistance and resilience to tropical cyclones.

Tropical cyclones drive coastal ecosystem dynamics, and their frequency, intensity, and spatial distribution are predicted to shift with climate change. Patterns of resistance and resilience were synthesized for 4138 ecosystem time series from = 26 storms occurring between 1985 and 2018 in the Northern Hemisphere to predict how coastal ecosystems will respond to future disturbance regimes. Data were grouped by ecosystems (fresh water, salt water, terrestrial, and wetland) and response categories (biogeochemistry, hydrography, mobile biota, sedentary fauna, and vascular plants).

Effects of a natural precipitation gradient on fish and macroinvertebrate assemblages in coastal streams.

Anthropogenic climate change is expected to increase the aridity of many regions of the world. Surface water ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to changes in the water-cycle and may suffer adverse impacts in affected regions. To enhance our understanding of how freshwater communities will respond to predicted shifts in water-cycle dynamics, we employed a space for time approach along a natural precipitation gradient on the Texas Coastal Prairie.

Screening potential corneal donors for HIV-1 by polymerase chain reaction and a colorimetric microwell hybridization assay.

Purpose: Current screening of potential corneal donors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) involves serologic detection of antibodies to the virus. However, this approach cannot detect infection during the seronegative window period of the disease. We therefore evaluated the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for viral nucleic acid as a possible alternative to screening cadaveric blood for HIV-1.

Poor correlation between reactive syphilis serology and human immunodeficiency virus testing among potential cornea donors.

Purpose: The current practice in which eye banks screen cornea donors for syphilis is based mainly on the potential utility of positive syphilis serology as a surrogate marker for human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection. We examined the correlation between positive syphilis and HIV-1 serologies within the potential cornea donor population.

Methods: We distributed a questionnaire to 94 eye banks in the United States regarding their rates of positive serology for syphilis and HIV-1 between Feb.

Rapid screening for early detection of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

The testing of dried blood spots (DBSs) for the presence of human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1) proviral DNA by PCR was first described in 1991. The technology has proven to be particularly valuable for resolving the infection status in HIV-1-indeterminate infants born to HIV-1-seropositive mothers. To broaden the applicability of DBS PCR, we adapted it to a standardized, commercially available microwell plate amplification and detection kit, Amplicor HIV-1, produced by Roche Diagnostic Systems.

Outpatient cardiac catheterization and arteriography: Twenty-month experience at the Arizona Heart Institute.

Arteriographic examination of the coronary, cerebral, and peripheral circulatory systems is the ultimate diagnostic technique for the identification and quantification of atherosclerotic occlusive disease. In the past, hospitalization has been required for this invasive procedure. Recently, however, the concept of outpatient catheterization and arteriography has become a reality.

Treatment of microemboli of the upper extremity.

A patient with microembolism of the left hand from an ulcerated lesion in the proximal part of the left subclavian artery was treated by a simple procedure for removing the embolic source from the arterial circulation. Through a supraclavicular approach, the subclavian artery was divided from the aorta distal to the lesion and anastomosed to the left common carotid artery. This technique was effective not only in restoring unobstructed distal circulation but also in avoiding the use of the more complicated thoracotomy.

Pseudoaneurysm of atrioventricular groove. A late complication of mitral valve replacement.

This report describes an unusual late complication of mitral valve replacement in which a false aneurysm of the atrioventricular groove produced compression on the circumflex coronary artery and myocardial infarction. The cause of this condition is not well explained, but its potential is present whenever there is early separation of the mitral anulus from the fibrous skeleton of the heart. Early hematoma formation resulting in frank perforation and hemorrhage has been reported, but late pseudoaneurysm formation after initial mitral valve replacement appears to be a rare occurrence.

Coccidioidal pericarditis.

A 26-year-old man developed coccidioidomycosis which resulted in myocarditis associated with congestive heart failure. A pericardial effusion developed and progressed to constrictive pericarditis. A pericardiectomy was performed and revealed that the pericarditis was due to Coccidioides immitis.

Hypoplasia of the coronary sinus with coronary venous drainage into the left ventricle by way of the Thebesian system.

A 60-year-old woman with recent onset of exertional chest pain, left anterior hemiblock and negative stress electrocardiogram was found to have hypoplasia of the coronary sinus with drainage of the major coronary venous blood by way of the Thebesian system into the left ventricle. This abnormality appeared to be of no great functional significance.

Transmyocardial left-to-right shunt complicating acute inferior wall myocardial infarction after aortocoronary bypass.

A 61-year-old woman suffered an inferior wall myocardial infarction on the third day following aortocoronary bypass surgery. Her condition subsequently deteriorated and she was not responsive to vigorous conventional therapy. On the twenty-first postoperative day, selective coronary arteriography revealed a patent circumflex bypass graft and an occluded right coronary artery bypass graft.