Hospital and Patient Characteristics Associated with Neonatal Blood Stream Infection in Inpatient Care: Insights from the 2019 HCUP KID Database.

Background: This study explores the associations between pediatric adverse events (PAEs) and both hospital and patient characteristics within the inpatient hospital setting, specifically focusing on Neonatal Blood Stream Infection (NBSI) as defined by pediatric quality indicators (PDIs) from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). This research aims to answer questions regarding the relationship between hospital characteristics and patient demographics with the occurrence of NBSI.

Methods: This study utilized discharge data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Kids' Inpatient Databases (KID) for the year 2019.

Examining the relationship between rural residents' satisfaction with local hospital's COVID-19 response and intention to use the hospital.

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of having emergency and acute care services close to home and emerged as an opportunity for hospital-community engagement. This study examined whether rural residents' satisfaction with their local hospital's pandemic response was associated with improved community perception of the hospital and an intention to use it in the future.

Methods: Data for the study were obtained from a survey of rural residents of 6 Georgia rural communities and analyzed using multivariable logistic regression and mediation analyses.

State Expectations and Medicaid Managed Care Organizations' Efforts to Address the Social Needs of Medicaid Enrollees.

Existing work on states' efforts to address the social needs of Medicaid enrollees indicate the implementation of several state-level strategies to move Medicaid Managed Care Organizations (MMCOs) toward the provision of whole-person care. However, less is known about how these expectations drive MMCOs' SDOH efforts. To address this gap, we interviewed representatives of eight MMCOs (=28) and 12 state Medicaid offices (=17).

COVID-19 and social determinants of health: Medicaid managed care organizations' experiences with addressing member social needs.

Background: The significant adverse social and economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has cast broader light on the importance of addressing social determinants of health (SDOH). Medicaid Managed Care Organizations (MMCOs) have increasingly taken on a leadership role in integrating medical and social services for Medicaid members. However, the experiences of MMCOs in addressing member social needs during the pandemic has not yet been examined.

Addressing the Social Needs of Medicaid Enrollees Through Managed Care: Lessons and Promising Practices from the Field.

With growing recognition of the adverse health impacts of unmet social needs, Medicaid managed care organizations (MMCOs) are increasingly focusing on addressing the social needs of Medicaid enrollees as part of a holistic approach to care. Information and knowledge sharing among MMCOs pertaining to lessons learned and promising practices from their social determinants of health (SDOH) targeted efforts can help identify successful practical approaches for navigating common challenges, developing robust SDOH programming, and effectively delivering whole-person care. Using data from interviews with 28 representatives of 8 national and regional MMCOs, this qualitative study describes the perspectives of MMCO representatives on the lessons learned and emerging promising practices from addressing SDOH among their Medicaid enrollees.

Assessment of the Financial Health of Rural Hospitals After Implementation of the Georgia Rural Hospital Tax Credit Program.

Importance: In 2016, Georgia implemented the Rural Hospital Tax Credit Program, which allows taxpayers to receive a tax credit for contributions to qualifying rural hospitals in the state. Empirical evidence of the program's association with the viability of the state's rural hospitals is needed.

Objective: To examine the association of the tax credit program with the financial health of participating rural hospitals.

The impact of interpersonal support, supervisory support, and employee engagement on employee turnover intentions: Differences between financially distressed and highly financially distressed hospitals.

Background: Critical access hospitals (CAHs) are small hospitals in rural communities in the United States. Because of changes in rural population demographics, legacy financial obligations, and/or structural issues in the U.S.

Public Health Employees' Perceptions about the Impact of Emerging Public Health Trends on Their Day-to-Day Work: Effects of Organizational Climate and Culture.

: The purpose of this research was to assess the workforce characteristics associated with public health employees' perceived impact of emerging trends in public health on their day-to-day work. : Multinomial logistic regression was performed to analyze data from the 2017 PH WINS, a cross-sectional survey utilizing a nationally representative sample of the United States public health workforce. : More than 55% of the public health workforce perceived that their day-to-day work was impacted by the emerging public health trends.

Georgia Rural Hospital Tax Credit: Perspectives of Rural Health Executives.

Purpose: In 2016, Georgia implemented a rural hospital tax credit program through a legislative mandate that allows individuals and corporations to donate to qualifying rural hospitals in exchange for state income tax credit. The study examines the importance, success, and challenges of the program, and opportunities for improvement, from the perspective of Georgia rural hospital executives.

Methods: The study was a qualitative study using data from key informant telephone interviews with 21 hospital executives and administrators of eligible rural hospitals.

A New Genus and Species of pompiline Spider Wasp from Northern South America (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae: Pompilinae: Priochilini).

Pompiliodon gen. nov. and its type species Pompiliodon katina sp.

Toward a National Conversation on Health: Disruptive Intervention and the Transformation from Health Care to Health.

Over a century ago, Abraham Flexner's landmark report on medical education resulted in the most extensive reforms of medical training in history. They led to major advances in the diagnosis and treatment of disease and the relief of suffering. His prediction that "the physician's function is fast becoming social and preventive, rather than individual and curative," however, was never realized.

A Systems Approach to Person-Centric Health Economics.

The economics of health and the economics of health care are not the same, and in fact can be competitors for resources in some cases. Using a traditional supply/demand framework can clarify the forces at work in person-centric health economics. Use of cost-effectiveness analysis, employing a broader systems perspective that incorporates sectors other than health care, and nudging individuals to better health habits are three strategies that can help to drive a shift from health care to health.

Delay in initiation of DMARD or anti-inflammatory therapy in patients newly diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis: An analysis of United States Military Health System TRICARE beneficiaries.

Objective: To investigate factors associated with delay in initiation of initial disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) in patients newly diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort descriptive study using administrative data from the US military's TRICARE program (2007-2012). We identified incident RA cases using billing codes and initial DMARD receipt using prescription fill date.

Anchored phylogenomics unravels the evolution of spider flies (Diptera, Acroceridae) and reveals discordance between nucleotides and amino acids.

The onset of phylogenomics has contributed to the resolution of numerous challenging evolutionary questions while offering new perspectives regarding biodiversity. However, in some instances, analyses of large genomic datasets can also result in conflicting estimates of phylogeny. Here, we present the first phylogenomic scale study of a dipteran parasitoid family, built upon anchored hybrid enrichment and transcriptomic data of 240 loci of 43 ingroup acrocerid taxa.

Insect biodiversity of the Algodones Dunes of California.

Over a nine year period beginning in 2007 we surveyed the insects of the Algodones Dunes, Imperial Count, California, as part of a study undertaken for the U.S. Bureau of Land Management.

Geographic variation in Medicare and the military healthcare system.

Objectives: To compare geographic variation in healthcare spending and utilization between the Military Health System (MHS) and Medicare across hospital referral regions (HRRs).

Study Design: Retrospective analysis.

Methods: Data on age-, sex-, and race-adjusted Medicare per capita expenditure and utilization measures by HRR were obtained from the Dartmouth Atlas for 2007 to 2010.

Intrapartum obstetric care in the United States military: Comparison of military and civilian care systems within TRICARE.

Background: Expectant mothers who are beneficiaries of TRICARE (universal insurance to United States Armed Services members and their dependents) can choose to receive care within direct (salary-based) or purchased (fee-for-service) care systems. We sought to compare frequency of intrapartum obstetric procedures and outcomes such as severe acute maternal morbidity (SAMM) and common postpartum complications between direct and purchased care systems within TRICARE.

Methods: TRICARE (2006-2010) claims data were used to identify deliveries.

Radical prostatectomy innovation and outcomes at military and civilian institutions.

Objectives: Limited data are available regarding the impact of the type of healthcare delivery system on technology diffusion and associated clinical outcomes. We assessed the adoption of minimally invasive radical prostatectomy (MIRP), a recent clinical innovation, and whether this adoption altered surgical morbidity for prostate cancer surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective review of administrative data from TRICARE, the healthcare program of the United States Military Health System.

LepNet: The Lepidoptera of North America Network.

The Lepidoptera of North America Network, or LepNet, is a digitization effort recently launched to mobilize biodiversity data from 3 million specimens of butterflies and moths in United States natural history collections (http://www.lep-net.org/).

Geographic variation within the military health system.

Background: This study seeks to quantify variation in healthcare utilization and per capita costs using system-defined geographic regions based on enrollee residence within the Military Health System (MHS).

Methods: Data for fiscal years 2007 - 2010 were obtained from the Military Health System under a data sharing agreement with the Defense Health Agency (DHA). DHA manages all aspects of the Department of Defense Military Health System, including TRICARE.

Provider-Induced Demand in the Treatment of Carotid Artery Stenosis: Variation in Treatment Decisions Between Private Sector Fee-for-Service vs Salary-Based Military Physicians.

Importance: Although many factors influence the management of carotid artery stenosis, it is not well understood whether a preference toward procedural management exists when procedural volume and physician compensation are linked in the fee-for-service environment.

Objective: To explore evidence for provider-induced demand in the management of carotid artery stenosis.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The Department of Defense Military Health System Data Repository was queried for individuals diagnosed with carotid artery stenosis between October 1, 2006, and September 30, 2010.

The Neotropical cuckoo wasp genus Ipsiura Linsenmaier, 1959 (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae): revision of the species occurring in Brazil.

The species of the chrysidid genus Ipsiura are reviewed with emphasis on the taxa occurring in Brazil. In the present study 34 Ipsiura species are recognized, diagnosed, and illustrated. Two new species are described here: Ipsiura bohartiana Lucena sp.

Racial disparities in emergency general surgery: Do differences in outcomes persist among universally insured military patients?

Background: Racial disparities in surgical care are well described. As many minority patients are also uninsured, increasing access to care is thought to be a viable solution to mitigate inequities. The objectives of this study were to determine whether racial disparities in 30-/90-/180- day outcomes exist within a universally insured population of military-/civilian-dependent emergency general surgery (EGS) patients and ascertain whether differences in outcomes differentially persist in care received at military versus civilian hospitals and among sponsors who are enlisted service members versus officers.

New species of the genus Mahinda Krombein, 1983 (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae, Amiseginae).

Three new species of Mahinda are described, bo from Vietnam, borneensis from Malaysian Borneo and sulawesiensis from northern Sulawesi. A key to the three known species is provided including the previously described species, saltator Krombein, 1983.

Delusional Infestation and Chronic Pruritus: A Review.

The literature on chronic pruritus, paresthesia and delusional infestation indicates that a wide variety of conditions ranging from AIDS to vitamin deficiencies may cause these symptoms. In many, or perhaps most of these cases, activation of itch pathways seems to be the underlying cause of the skin sensations and perhaps even the visual hallucinations characteristic of delusional infestation. The principle difference between diagnoses of chronic pruritus and delusional infestation appears to lie in the patient's interpretation of the cause of the symptoms, rather than underlying physiological differences.