Ballistic lobar trajectory outcomes in civilian firearm penetrating brain injury.

Objective: Penetrating brain injury (PBI) is the most lethal of all firearm injuries, with reported survival rates of less than 20%. The projectile trajectory (PT) has been shown to impact mortality, but the significant lobar tracks have not been defined. The aim of this retrospective case-control study was to test for associations between distinct ballistic trajectories, missile types, and patient outcomes.

Solvent-driven, self-assembled acid-responsive poly(ketalized serine)/siRNA complexes for RNA interference.

Advances in bionanotechnology aim to develop smart nucleic acid delivery carriers with stimuli-responsive features to overcome challenges such as non-biodegradability, rapid clearance, immune response, and reaching intracellular targets. Peptide-based nanomaterials have become widely used in the field of gene and drug delivery due to their structural versatility and biomimetic properties. Particularly, polypeptide gene vectors that respond to biological stimuli, such as acidic intracellular environments, have promising applications in mediating efficient endosomal escape and drug release.

Development of a pregnancy-specific reference material for thyroid biomarkers, vitamin D, and nutritional trace elements in serum.

Objectives: Matrix differences among serum samples from non-pregnant and pregnant patients could bias measurements. Standard Reference Material 1949, Frozen Human Prenatal Serum, was developed to provide a quality assurance material for the measurement of hormones and nutritional elements throughout pregnancy.

Methods: Serum from non-pregnant women and women in each trimester were bottled into four levels based on pregnancy status and trimester.

Lower-limb work during high- and low-impact activities in hip-related pain: Associations with sex and symptom severity.

Background: Hip-related pain (HRP) is described as a movement-related disorder. However, little attention is given to the way people with HRP move, especially in populations still participating in sport. Thus, limiting our understanding of movementbased impairments in HRP and their potential relationships with pain/symptoms.

Features of the Energy Spectrum of Cosmic Rays above 2.5×10^{18} eV Using the Pierre Auger Observatory.

We report a measurement of the energy spectrum of cosmic rays above 2.5×10^{18}  eV based on 215 030 events. New results are presented: at about 1.

Considerations for the Selection and Use of Disinfectants Against SARS-CoV-2 in a Health Care Setting.

Proper disinfection using adequate disinfecting agents will be necessary for infection control strategies against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, limited guidance exists on effective surface disinfectants or best practices for their use against severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2. We outlined a process of fully characterizing over 350 products on the Environmental Protection Agency List N, including pH, method of delivery, indication for equipment sterilization, and purchase availability.

Genome-wide association study identifies 48 common genetic variants associated with handedness.

Handedness has been extensively studied because of its relationship with language and the over-representation of left-handers in some neurodevelopmental disorders. Using data from the UK Biobank, 23andMe and the International Handedness Consortium, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of handedness (N = 1,766,671). We found 41 loci associated (P < 5 × 10) with left-handedness and 7 associated with ambidexterity.

Disgust propensity and sensitivity in childhood anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder: Two constructs differentially related to obsessional content.

The role of disgust in anxiety and related disorders has been extensively studied in adults, however its role in childhood psychopathology is in need of further investigation. The adult literature has suggested that two distinct sub-constructs within "disgust proneness" may differentially predict anxiety-related disorders. Namely, disgust propensity (DP) has been defined as the likelihood an individual will experience a disgust reaction, and disgust sensitivity (DS) as the degree to which an individual is distressed by their experience of disgust.

Care Considerations in a Patient- and Family-Centered Medical Assistance in Dying Program.

Medical Assistance in Dying (MAID) became legal in Canada in June 2016. As part of a project designed to improve end-of-life care for those requesting MAID, qualitative data from patients, families, and providers were used to assess opportunities to enhance patient-and family-centered care (PFCC) in this program. Thirty interviews were conducted with patients, families, and healthcare providers.

Barriers and enablers to uptake of a contemporary guideline-based management program for hip and knee osteoarthritis: A qualitative study.

Objective: To explore barriers and enablers for referral to, and participation in, a contemporary guideline-based osteoarthritis management program - Good Life with osteoArthritis in Denmark (GLA:D ).

Design: A qualitative design was used, involving semi-structured interviews with patients with osteoarthritis and medical professionals. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, coded and thematically analysed.

Littoral eutrophication indicators are more closely related to nearshore land use than to water nutrient concentrations: A critical evaluation of stressor-response relationships.

Biological assessment metrics and water chemistry measurements are used to quantify the link between stressors and their effects on lake ecosystems, for the Water Framework Directive. However, correlations between metrics and water chemistry are often poor. This is seen as major weaknesses of Water Framework Directive-related monitoring and assessment.

Evaluation of skin irritation following weathered crude oil exposure in two mouse strains.

Petroleum crude oil spills are common and vary in size and scope. Spill response workers throughout the course of remediation are exposed to so-called weathered oil and are known to report diverse health effects, including contact dermatitis. A murine model of repeated exposure to weathered marine crude oil was employed utilizing two strains of mice, C57BL/6 and BALB/c, to investigate the pathology of this irritant and identify the principal hydrocarbon components deposited in skin.

Cervical Disc Arthroplasty Migration Following Mechanical Intubation: A Case Presentation and Review of the Literature.

Background: Cervical arthroplasty has established itself as a safe and efficacious alternative to fusion in management of symptomatic cervical degenerative disease. Recent literature has indicated a trend toward decreased risk of reoperation with cervical arthroplasty, and reoperation in this subset commonly occurs secondary to recurrent pain and device-related complications. The instance of cervical arthroplasty migration, particularly in the setting of trauma, is particularly rare.

The Musculoskeletal Knowledge Portal: Making Omics Data Useful to the Broader Scientific Community.

The development of high-throughput genotyping technologies and large biobank collections, complemented with rapid methodological advances in statistical genetics, has enabled hypothesis-free genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which have identified hundreds of genetic variants across many loci associated with musculoskeletal conditions. Similarly, basic scientists have valuable molecular cellular and animal data based on musculoskeletal disease that would be enhanced by being able to determine the human translation of their findings. By integrating these large-scale human genomic musculoskeletal datasets with complementary evidence from model organisms, new and existing genetic loci can be statistically fine-mapped to plausibly causal variants, candidate genes, and biological pathways.

Radiologists Include Contact Telephone Number in Reports: Experience With Patient Interaction.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the experience of radiologists who include contact information in radiology reports in an era of open access to reports via patient portals. A prospective nonrandomized survey of all 61 radiologists in a single private practice group was conducted between July and August 2019. The survey, which consisted of 21 questions, was administered via a secure online survey software platform and distributed by e-mail.

Moderators of Psychosocial Treatment for Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Summary and Recommendations for Future Directions.

This brief report examines the evidence for moderators of psychosocial treatment for youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Understanding treatment moderators can help clinicians select the most appropriate intervention for a particular patient and consequently increase the likelihood of initial response. A systematic search of the literature was conducted to identify randomized trials and meta-analyses reporting on moderators of psychosocial treatment for pediatric OCD.

Relationship between cam morphology, hip symptoms, and hip osteoarthritis: the Musculoskeletal pain in Ullersaker STudy (MUST) cohort.

Background: The primary aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cam morphology in a cohort of people aged 40-55 years. Secondary aims were to: (1) determine differences in participant characteristics, physical impairments, radiographic and ultrasound appearances of people with and without cam morphology; and (2) explore associations between cam morphology and radiographic measures of hip osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: 107 people (68% women; 49 ± 4 years) from the Musculoskeletal pain in Ullensaker (MUST) Study underwent the clinical and imaging examinations.

The Influence of Electronic Health Record Use on Physician Burnout: Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background: Physician burnout has a direct impact on the delivery of high-quality health care, with health information technology tools such as electronic health records (EHRs) adding to the burden of practice inefficiencies.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the extent of burnout among physicians and learners (residents and fellows); identify significant EHR-related contributors of physician burnout; and explore the differences between physicians and learners with regard to EHR-related factors such as time spent in EHR, documentation styles, proficiency, training, and perceived usefulness. In addition, the study aimed to address gaps in the EHR-related burnout research methodologies by determining physicians' patterns of EHR use through usage logs.

Development of a polygenic risk score to improve screening for fracture risk: A genetic risk prediction study.

Background: Since screening programs identify only a small proportion of the population as eligible for an intervention, genomic prediction of heritable risk factors could decrease the number needing to be screened by removing individuals at low genetic risk. We therefore tested whether a polygenic risk score for heel quantitative ultrasound speed of sound (SOS)-a heritable risk factor for osteoporotic fracture-can identify low-risk individuals who can safely be excluded from a fracture risk screening program.

Methods And Findings: A polygenic risk score for SOS was trained and selected in 2 separate subsets of UK Biobank (comprising 341,449 and 5,335 individuals).

CDK-Regulated Phase Separation Seeded by Histone Genes Ensures Precise Growth and Function of Histone Locus Bodies.

Many membraneless organelles form through liquid-liquid phase separation, but how their size is controlled and whether size is linked to function remain poorly understood. The histone locus body (HLB) is an evolutionarily conserved nuclear body that regulates the transcription and processing of histone mRNAs. Here, we show that Drosophila HLBs form through phase separation.