The Premier Medical Education Model: Improving Preceptor Recruitment in Underserved Areas.

Background And Objectives: Building on research highlighting the success of tribal, rural, and underserved clerkships to increase students' intention to practice family medicine in these areas, we explored the perspectives of prospective precepting physicians and administrators to develop an optimal structure to facilitate recruitment of external preceptors.

Methods: We conducted semistructured interviews with family physicians (N=14) and health system administrators (N=14) working in tribal, rural, and underserved areas. Discussions were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded independently by two researchers.

A Rare Case of Plasma Cell Granuloma.

Plasma cell granulomas (PCGs) or inflammatory pseudotumors are nonneoplastic lesions that consist of predominantly antibody-secreting plasma cells and innate immune cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, and eosinophils. Unlike in multiple myeloma, the plasma cells are polyclonal and present in a spindly fibroblast-rich stromal background. These lesions mainly occur in the lungs; however, they can arise in other organs.

Proteomic analyses of human gingival and periodontal ligament fibroblasts.

Background: Although human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) and human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLFs) exhibit numerous phenotypic similarities, it has been suggested that the secretory and behavioral differences, which exist between these cell types, are a result of the membrane protein composition of these cells.

Methods: Four matched pairs of hGFs and hPDLFs were cultured. Before confluence, membrane-bound and -associated proteins from cells of the fourth passage were extracted.

Gingival cyst of the adult: regenerative therapy of associated root exposure. A case report and literature review.

Background: The gingival cyst of the adult (GCA) is an uncommon developmental cyst of odontogenic origin most frequently seen near mandibular canines and premolars and is routinely treated with excisional biopsy. This article presents a case of a GCA treated with a combined regenerative approach and reviews the GCA literature with an emphasis on the clinical aspects of this lesion.

Methods: A 54 year-old man presented for treatment of generalized severe chronic periodontitis.

Gender-based differences in satisfaction with academic preparation and practice experiences.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect that practice patterns and other variables had on graduates' level of satisfaction with dental school preparation and satisfaction with several career experiences and to determine if any gender-based differences occurred in these findings. Dentists who graduated from Creighton University School of Dentistry between 1985 and 2005 were surveyed regarding demographic factors, practice characteristics, satisfaction with educational preparation, and satisfaction with practice experiences. The response data were analyzed using Spearman's rho, multiple regression analysis, and the Pearson product moment.

The one year incidence of postoperative myocardial infarction in an orthopedic population.

The diagnosis of a postoperative myocardial infarction (PMI) is important in the orthopedic population because these events can be associated with significant cardiac morbidity. Plasma troponin I (cTnI) analysis has markedly increased our ability to detect myocardial damage. Using cTnI analysis for evidence of a PMI, we prospectively assessed all of our patients for (1) the 1-year incidence of PMI, (2) the clinical consequences of a PMI in relation to the level of the cTnI release, and (3) 6-month follow-up for cardiac complications.

A comparison of the retention of three endodontic dowel systems following different surface treatments.

Purpose: Practitioners have several options during the selection of a dowel for core restoration, including metal and glass fiber materials. Retention of the cemented dowel is critical for the success of this type of restoration. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of two surface treatments on the retention of three types of dowels placed into prepared canals with a resin cement.

Effect of polymerization mode of adhesive and cement on shear bond strength to dentin.

Purpose: To investigate the shear bond strength to dentin when two resin adhesive systems in light-cure, dual-cure, and auto-cure modes were used with three resin cements. This was done to determine the degree of compatibility that exists when resin products with different polymerization mechanisms are used together.

Methods: Three hundred non-carious human molars were divided into 30 test groups in which Prime & Bond NT and ScotchBond Multi-Purpose were used as adhesives with Calibra, Nexxus and Variolink cements to attach Rexillium III posts to flattened dentin surfaces.

Effects of adhesive liner and provisional cement on the bond strength of nickel/chrome/beryllium alloy cemented to dentin.

Objective: Treating teeth with adhesive agents before placing a provisional restoration can prevent tooth sensitivity. This study evaluated the bond strength of resin cements to dentin treated with 2 adhesive agents and 2 provisional cements.

Methods And Materials: Extracted human molars were prepared by exposing dentin and were treated with either Prime & Bond NT or Clearfil SE Bond.

Pulmonary injury in patients undergoing complex spine surgery.

Background Context: Previous reports have shown that 15% of patients who undergo sequential anterior, then posterior, surgical corrections for spinal deformities demonstrate evidence of acute lung injury. By analyzing the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from these patients for evidence of acute inflammation, we might gain some insight into the etiology of this acute lung injury.

Purpose: To elucidate the etiology of acute lung injury after corrective surgery for adult spinal deformities.

Microtensile bond strength of total-etch and self-etch adhesives to the enamel walls of Class V cavities.

Purpose: To determine the difference in microtensile bond strengths (MTBS) of resin-based composite bonded to the enamel of cavity preparations using a conventional or a self-etching adhesive.

Methods: Buccal and lingual Class V cavities were prepared in each of 12 caries-free human molars. Six teeth were randomly selected to be restored with Spectrum TPH resin-based composite and Prime & Bond NT adhesive.

An accelerated in vitro model for adhesive testing.

Purpose: To develop a pilot in vitro accelerated laboratory testing protocol for assessing marginal sealing capability of dental adhesives.

Methods: Occlusal cavities were prepared in 20 human molar teeth and restored with Spectrum TPH resin composite. Prime & Bond NT and Prompt L-Pop served as the adhesive for eight teeth each.

Pulmonary complications in anterior-posterior thoracic lumbar fusions.

Background Context: Surgery for adult spinal deformity may require both an anterior and posterior approach in order to stabilize the spine and achieve the desired correction. These procedures can be associated with significant pulmonary complications, including atelectasis, pneumonia and respiratory failure. The etiology of some of the respiratory complications is clear: poor inspiratory effort from incision pain and previous pulmonary disease.

Threshold 2: the reliability, validity and sensitivity to change of the Threshold Assessment Grid (TAG).

Objective: This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Threshold Assessment Grid (TAG), a new assessment of the severity of mental health problems.

Method: A total of 605 patients were recruited from 10 mental health adult and elderly services in London, UK. TAG ratings and other standardized definitions of severe mental illness were completed by referrers.

Threshold 3: the feasibility of the Threshold Assessment Grid (TAG) for routine assessment of the severity of mental health problems.

Background: Evidence-based practice requires the development of measures which are suitable for everyday clinical use ('feasible'). There is no consensus as to how to establish feasibility.

Method: The feasibility of a new assessment - the Threshold Assessment Grid (TAG) - for use when making referrals to mental health services was tested by training mental health teams in using the TAG and other standardised assessments, asking referrers to ten mental health services in London also to complete a TAG, surveying TAG users, and evaluating a feedback meeting at which TAG data were presented.

Physical properties of three packable resin-composite restorative materials.

This study evaluated selected physical properties of three packable resin composites (Alert, SureFil and Solitaire) and compared them to two conventional hybrid materials (Prodigy and Z-100). The specific properties investigated were diametral tensile strength, transverse strength, elastic modulus and fracture toughness. Following photopolymerization, specimens for each composite material were stored in deionized water at 37 degrees C for 35 days.

Comparison of composite resin-to-porcelain bond strength with three adhesives.

Three resin-based adhesives were evaluated for suitability for porcelain repair with composite resin, as measured by shear bond strength of attachment. Photo Bond and SE Bond were associated with significantly greater shear bond strengths than their respective controls at both time periods investigated. Single Bond did not have shear bond strengths greater than its control and its values were significantly lower than those obtained with the other resins.

Role of candidate modifier genes on the phenotypic expression of hypertrophy in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Background: The phenotypic expression of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is variable. This phenotypic variability is not completely explained by the responsible mutations or other known factors. Recent data denote a role for the modifier genes and environmental factors.

Bond strengths to enamel and dentin with indirect and direct resin composites.

Purpose: To investigate the differences in shear bond strengths between indirect and direct resin composites attached to enamel and dentin.

Materials And Methods: Sixty human molar teeth stored in distilled water since extraction were used in this study. Thirty of the teeth were prepared to form a flat enamel surface ground to 600 grit and 30 of the teeth were prepared to form a flat dentin surface ground to 600 grit.

Bond strength of an adhesive resin system with various dental substrates.

A laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the Panavia 21 resin-based adhesive system as a bonding agent between a variety of dental substrates. Panavia 21 resin was bonded directly to enamel and dentin and placed between nickel-chromium-beryllium (Ni-Cr-Be) specimens and enamel, dentin, other Ni-Cr-Be samples, and type III gold. Panavia 21 resin was also used to bond amalgam to dentin.

4-year clinical study of castable ceramic crowns.

Purpose: To evaluate the 4-year clinical performance of castable glass ceramic crowns used to restore teeth in the posterior segments.

Materials And Methods: 101 castable ceramic (Dicor) full++ crown restorations were placed in 61 molar and 40 premolar teeth using a bonded resin cement.

Results: After 4 years of clinical performance, 15 of the original 101 restorations were known to have failed with 13 of those failures affecting molar restorations.

Power density and external temperature of laser-treated root canals.

The purpose of this study was to determine the power and time parameters for an argon laser that would result in the removal of pulpal tissue without excessively elevating the external temperature of the root. External temperatures were measured by attaching thermistors to the surfaces of the teeth at the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) areas and at the root apices. Results indicate that a 1-W power setting with a pulse duration of 0.

Power and time requirements for use of the argon laser to polymerize composite resins.

A carefully controlled laboratory study was conducted to determine the optimum power setting and polymerization cycle time to cure four commercially available composite resins with an argon laser. Most effective resin polymerization was achieved when Prisma APH was polymerized at 310 mW for 7 seconds, when Herculite was polymerized at 160 mW for 12 seconds, when P-50 was polymerized at 525 mW for 13 seconds and when Silux Plus was polymerized at 270 mW for 13 seconds. The exact parameters of laser power and exposure time seem to be material specific, with greater variation being noted in power setting than in exposure time.

Degree of composite resin polymerization with visible light and argon laser.

A study was conducted to compare the degree of resin polymerization achievable using conventional visible light techniques and argon lasing. High performance liquid chromatography was used to extract unpolymerized resin from microfilled and small particle composite resin samples following photoactivation with visible light and the argon laser. It was determined that a significantly greater degree of microfilled resin polymerization was achievable following argon lasing compared to exposure to conventional visible light techniques.