Helping others in real life and in the laboratory: pride and prosocial behavior.

Background: Prosocial behavior may depend on the emotions experienced, and positive emotions such as pride may promote helping, offering support, donating, and other prosocial activities. Two studies were conducted to examine the relationship between pride and prosocial behavior.

Participants And Procedure: A correlational study, Study 1 ( = 365), was conducted during the second week of the 2022 war in Ukraine.

Induction and Characteristics of Callus Cultures of the Medicinal Plant L.

L. is a traditional medicinal plant valued for its potentially health-promoting metabolites. Its herbal raw material has been recognized and used since ancient times and continues to be widely used in traditional medicine.

Integrating natural and anthropogenic factors in assessment of benthic ecosystem disturbance: A biotic index approach from the southern Baltic Sea.

The Baltic Sea, with its semi-enclosed and nutrient-rich waters, can serve for compelling case studies to understand coastal dynamics amidst anthropogenic pressures. We assessed the levels of benthic disturbance across various coastal locations along the southern Baltic, focusing on water and sediment parameters and benthic community structure. We revealed significant differences in ecological status measured by the AMBI index, largely influenced by the quantity and quality of organic matter in sediments.

Hyperactive mTORC1 disrupts habenula function and light preference in zebrafish model of Tuberous sclerosis complex.

Mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is an integration hub for extracellular and intracellular signals necessary for brain development. Hyperactive mTORC1 is found in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) characterized by atypical reactivity to sensory stimuli, among other symptoms. In Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) inactivating mutations in the or genes result in hyperactivation of the mTORC1 pathway and ASD.

Trophic niches of macrobenthos: Latitudinal variation indicates climate change impact on ecosystem functioning.

Benthic food-web structure and organic matter (OM) utilization are important for marine ecosystem functioning. In response to environmental changes related to the ongoing climate change, however, many benthic species are shifting their ranges to colder regions, which may lead to altered community composition, but it remains largely unknown how it will affect ecosystem functioning. Here, stable isotope analysis was used to study benthic OM utilization and food-web structure and to assess whether their spatial patterns reflect today's community differentiation among biogeographic regions and depth zones.

The Relationship between Knowledge, Dietary Supplementation, and Sleep Quality in Young Adults after the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Introduction: Sleep is one of the most important factors affecting the quality of life. More than 50% of Polish adults have sleeping disorders, and young adults are the ones particularly vulnerable to this. This is why the analysis of the predictors of sleep quality, such as sleep hygiene knowledge and dietary knowledge, in young adults is a very important topic, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, which may have affected sleeping habits.

Biodiversity: the overlooked source of human health.

Biodiversity is the measure of the variation of lifeforms in a given ecological system. Biodiversity provides ecosystems with the robustness, stability, and resilience that sustains them. This is ultimately essential for our survival because we depend on the services that natural ecosystems provide (food, fresh water, air, climate, and medicine).

Enhanced binding of an HU homologue under increased DNA supercoiling preserves chromosome organisation and sustains Streptomyces hyphal growth.

Bacterial chromosome topology is controlled by topoisomerases and nucleoid-associated proteins (NAPs). While topoisomerases regulate DNA supercoiling, NAPs introduce bends or coat DNA upon its binding, affecting DNA loop formation. Streptomyces, hyphal, multigenomic bacteria known for producing numerous clinically important compounds, use the highly processive topoisomerase I (TopA) to remove excessive negative DNA supercoils.

A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study on the Effectiveness of the "Three Good Things for Others" Intervention.

The aim of our study was to test the effectiveness of the "three good things for others" intervention. We used the randomized controlled trial method, with four measurements (pretest, posttest, follow-up after 2 weeks, follow-up after 4 weeks) and with random assignment of participants to experimental and placebo control groups. We investigated the effects of the intervention on prosocial behavior, and in addition on positive and negative affect, and positive orientation (a general tendency to approach reality in a positive way).

Effect of hamstring tissue flossing during warm-up on sit and reach performance.

Background: Tissue flossing, also called voodoo flossing, is becoming a popular adjunct to athletic training to improve joint range of motion and muscle strength. The authors of this technique believe that tissue flossing can be used during warm-up. This study investigated the effect of tissue flossing during warm-up on the range of motion in the sit and reach test.

G3BPs tether the TSC complex to lysosomes and suppress mTORC1 signaling.

Ras GTPase-activating protein-binding proteins 1 and 2 (G3BP1 and G3BP2, respectively) are widely recognized as core components of stress granules (SGs). We report that G3BPs reside at the cytoplasmic surface of lysosomes. They act in a non-redundant manner to anchor the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) protein complex to lysosomes and suppress activation of the metabolic master regulator mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) by amino acids and insulin.

Nematode responses to an Arctic sea-ice regime: morphometric characteristics and biomass size spectra.

Body size is one of the most important traits of organisms that affects their behavioral life histories, physiologies, and energy requirements. For sediment-dwelling organisms, such as free-living nematodes, body size is a direct adaptation for living in sediments with a particular particle size, but other environmental factors, e.g.

Benthic phosphorus cycling within the Eurasian marginal sea ice zone.

The Arctic Ocean region is currently undergoing dramatic changes, which will likely alter the nutrient cycles that underpin Arctic marine ecosystems. Phosphate is a key limiting nutrient for marine life but gaps in our understanding of the Arctic phosphorus (P) cycle persist. In this study, we investigate the benthic burial and recycling of phosphorus using sediments and pore waters from the Eurasian Arctic margin, including the Barents Sea slope and the Yermak Plateau.

TrkB hyperactivity contributes to brain dysconnectivity, epileptogenesis, and anxiety in zebrafish model of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex.

Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is a rare genetic disease that manifests with early symptoms, including cortical malformations, childhood epilepsy, and TSC-associated neuropsychiatric disorders (TANDs). Cortical malformations arise during embryonic development and have been linked to childhood epilepsy before, but the underlying mechanisms of this relationship remain insufficiently understood. Zebrafish have emerged as a convenient model to study elementary neurodevelopment; however, without in-depth functional analysis, the Tsc2-deficient zebrafish line cannot be used for studies of TANDs or new drug screening.

Benthic macrofaunal bioturbation activities from shelf to deep basin in spring to summer transition in the Arctic Ocean.

The aim of this study was to assess bioturbation rates in relation to macrozoobenthos and environmental variables in the Svalbard fjords, Barents Sea and Nansen Basin during spring to summer transition. The results showed differences in benthic community structure across sampled area in relation to sediment type and phytopigment content. Fjords, Barents Sea and the shallow parts of Nansen Basin (<400 m) were characterized by high functional groups diversity, and by biodiffusive and non-local rates ranging from 0.

Climatic and dam-induced impacts on river water temperature: Assessment and management implications.

In a changing climate with a warming trend in air temperature, river water temperature increases as a result of heat exchange with the atmosphere. Moreover, of the different types of anthropogenic activity impacting rivers, the construction of dams appears to have multi-dimensional effects on the river environment, and it especially affects the thermal condition of rivers. The aim of the study is to identify and assess the impact of these two distinct sources of water temperature distortion in relation to the natural thermal conditions of rivers.

Chemical composition of two mineralogically contrasting Arctic bivalves' shells and their relationships to environmental variables.

The main goal of this study was to determine the concentrations of trace elements in the mineralogically contrasting shells of two Arctic bivalves: Chlamys islandica and Ciliatocardium ciliatum. Aragonite shells seem to be more susceptible to the binding of metal ions, which is most likely a result of their crystal lattice structure. We suggest that less biologically controlled aragonite mineralization tends to incorporate more metal impurities into the crystal lattice in waters with a lower pH, where metal ions are more available.

PESI - a taxonomic backbone for Europe.

Background: Reliable taxonomy underpins communication in all of biology, not least nature conservation and sustainable use of ecosystem resources. The flexibility of taxonomic interpretations, however, presents a serious challenge for end-users of taxonomic concepts. Users need standardised and continuously harmonised taxonomic reference systems, as well as high-quality and complete taxonomic data sets, but these are generally lacking for non-specialists.

Unexpected Levels of Biological Activity during the Polar Night Offer New Perspectives on a Warming Arctic.

The current understanding of Arctic ecosystems is deeply rooted in the classical view of a bottom-up controlled system with strong physical forcing and seasonality in primary-production regimes. Consequently, the Arctic polar night is commonly disregarded as a time of year when biological activities are reduced to a minimum due to a reduced food supply. Here, based upon a multidisciplinary ecosystem-scale study from the polar night at 79°N, we present an entirely different view.

Benthic community structure, diversity, and productivity in the shallow Barents Sea bank (Svalbard Bank).

The Barents Sea is among the most productive areas in the world oceans, and its shallow banks exhibit particularly high rates of primary productivity reaching over 300 g C myear. Our study focused on the Svalbard Bank, an important feeding area for fishes and whales. In order to investigate how benthic community structure and benthic secondary production vary across environmental gradients and through time, we sampled across the bank and compared results with a similar study conducted 85 years ago.

Low virus to prokaryote ratios in the cold: benthic viruses and prokaryotes in a subpolar marine ecosystem (Hornsund, Svalbard).

The density and spatial distribution of benthic viruses and prokaryotes in relation to biotic and abiotic factors were investigated in sediment cores collected in Hornsund, a permanently cold fjord on the West coast of Svalbard, Norway. The cores were obtained from the mouth of the fjord to the central basin, along a longitudinal transect. The results of our analyses showed lower densities of viruses (0.

A rare case of solitary plasmacytoma mimicking a primary lung tumor.

Extramedullary plasmacytomas, especially located in the thorax, are very rare. We present a 31-year-old patient who was diagnosed with a solitary plasmacytoma located in the lung mimicking a primary lung tumor. After several weeks, this developed into multiple myeloma.