Multi-layer platform coordination for open innovation in oligonucleotide therapeutics.

As technology evolves and medical needs diversify, the pharmaceutical industry must accelerate its openness. This study analysed interorganizational alliances in R&D for the new modality of oligonucleotide therapeutics in order to explore the requirements for establishing new markets. The results confirmed that the market has developed in stages, employing open innovation for different purposes according to technological progress.

Case of Radiation-Induced Angiosarcoma after Breast-Conserving Surgery with Hypofractionated Radiotherapy in a Japanese Patient.

Radiation-induced angiosarcoma (RIAS) is a rare, late adverse event of radiotherapy comprising approximately half of all radiation-induced sarcomas. It has a relatively short latency period and generally unfavorable prognosis. This study presents a case of RIAS that developed 5 years and 11 months after the completion of hypofractionated radiotherapy (42.

Development of a laboratory test using stem cuttings to measure resistance to foot rot disease caused by in sweetpotato.

Over the last several years, foot rot caused by has become the most destructive sweetpotato disease in the southernmost region of Japan. Breeding of cultivars resistant to foot rot is required for effective and low-cost management. Field tests are often used to evaluate resistance of cultivars, but this approach has several limitations, including a long test period of several months and the requirement of field isolation and labor-intensive procedures.

RNA G-quadruplexes and calcium ions synergistically induce Tau phase transition in vitro.

Tau aggregation is a defining feature of neurodegenerative tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease, corticobasal degeneration, and frontotemporal dementia. This aggregation involves the liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of Tau, followed by its sol-gel phase transition, representing a crucial step in aggregate formation both in vitro and in vivo. However, the precise cofactors influencing Tau phase transition and aggregation under physiological conditions (e.

Open Innovation and Regulatory Challenges in New Modality Development: The Pivotal Role of Contract Development and Manufacturing Organisations in Advancing Antibody Drugs.

Background: Ensuring regulatory-compliant manufacturing capability is an essential challenge for new treatment modalities, but its internalisation is not easy for pharmaceutical companies, especially start-ups. This study examines the functions and requirements of contracted development and manufacturing organisations (CDMOs) using the development process of antibody medicines as a case study.

Methods: Utilizing PubMed, Cortellis and Patent Integration databases, this study delves into publication and contractual trends in monoclonal antibody drugs (mAbs) development, alongside an analysis of patent filings by CDMOs, offering a comprehensive overview of the evolving landscape in mAbs innovation.

Association between Clinical Characteristics and Sarcopenia or Sarcopenic Obesity in Crohn's Disease.

Objective Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that is associated with malnutrition. Sarcopenia is a malnutrition condition characterized by skeletal muscle loss that impairs the physical function. We investigated the clinical characteristics of patients with CD with sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity (sarcopenic-o).

Salt-Induced Hydrophobic C-Terminal Region of α-Synuclein Triggers Its Fibrillation under the Mimic Physiologic Condition.

α-Synuclein (αS) causes Parkinson's disease due to the structural alteration into amyloid fibrils that form after the interaction with synaptic membranes in neurons. To understand the alternation mechanism, the effect of salt (NaCl) on the interaction of αS with synaptic mimic membrane was characterized at the molecular level because salt triggered the amyloid fibril formation. The membrane-bound conformation (or the initial conformation before fibrillation) showed that NaCl decreased the number of helical structures and Tyr residues interacting with the membrane surface compared to when NaCl was absent, implying an increase in solvent-exposed regions.

Development of a localized surface plasmon-enhanced electron beam-pumped nanoscale light source for electron beam excitation-assisted optical microscopy.

We have demonstrated localized surface plasmon (LSP)-enhanced cathodoluminescence (CL) from an atomic layer deposition (ALD)-grown Al2O3/ZnO/Al2O3 heterostructure to develop a bright nanometer-scale light source for an electron beam excitation-assisted (EXA) optical microscope. Three types of metals, Ag, Al, and Au, were compared, and an 181-fold enhancement of CL emission was achieved with Ag nanoparticles (NPs), with the plasmon resonance wavelength close to the emission wavelength energy of ZnO. The enhanced emission is plausibly attributed to LSP/exciton coupling.

Inhibitory effects of extracts from Eucalyptus gunnii on α-synuclein amyloid fibrils.

Amyloid fibril formation is associated with various amyloidoses, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Despite the numerous studies on the inhibition of amyloid formation, the prevention and treatment of a majority of amyloid-related disorders are still challenging. In this study, we investigated the effects of various plant extracts on amyloid formation of α-synuclein.

Diagnosis and resolution of olmesartan-associated sprue-like enteropathy confirmed by capsule endoscopy: a case report and literature review.

Herein, we describe a case of olmesartan-associated sprue-like enteropathy, in which improvement in villous atrophy was confirmed using small bowel capsule endoscopy. The patient was a 69-year-old woman who had persistent watery diarrhea (20 bowel movements/day) for 1 year and experienced a weight loss of 10 kg in the same period. Abdominal computed tomography revealed no abnormalities, and blood test results revealed no inflammatory reactions.

Zinc transporter ZnT3/Slc30a3 has a potential role in zinc ion influx in mouse oocytes.

Zinc is an essential trace element for various physiological functions, including reproduction. The influx/efflux of zinc ions is regulated by zinc transporters (Zip1-14 and ZnT1-8, 10). However, the precise roles of zinc transporters and zinc dynamics in reproductive functions are unknown.

An updated review on the treatment for diversion colitis and pouchitis, with a focus on the utility of autologous fecal microbiota transplantation and its relationship with the intestinal microbiota.

Diversion colitis (DC) is characterized by mucosal inflammation in the defunctioned segment of the colon following a colostomy or ileostomy. The major causes of DC are an increase in the number of aerobic bacteria, a lack of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and immune disorders in the diverted colon. However, its exact pathogenesis remains unknown.

Long-term outcomes of high-dose-rate brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy without hormone therapy for high-risk localized prostate cancer.

Purpose: Until March 2018, patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer had been administered high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) combined with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) without additional hormone therapy (HT) at our institution. In this study, we aimed to evaluate long-term outcomes of this treatment.

Materials And Methods: Patients with prostate cancer who received HDR-BT and EBRT between April 1997 and March 2021 and who were followed up for at least 6 months were included in the study.

Determination of the safety of Halomonas sp. KM-1-derived d-β-hydroxybutyric acid and its fermentation-derived impurities in mice and Japanese adults.

The use of halophilic bacteria in industrial chemical and food production has received great interest because of the unique properties of these bacteria; however, their safety remains under investigation. Halomonas sp. KM-1 intracellularly stores poly-D-β-hydroxybutyric acid under aerobic conditions and successively secretes D-β-hydroxybutyric acid (D-BHB) under microaerobic conditions.

Radiation‑induced pleomorphic liposarcoma after hypofractionated radiotherapy following breast‑conserving surgery: A case report and literature review.

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer globally. Radiotherapy following breast-conserving surgery is the standard treatment of breast cancer. Recently, hypofractionated irradiation comprising 42.

Molecular Mechanism of Oocyte Activation in Mammals: Past, Present, and Future Directions.

During mammalian fertilization, repetitive intracellular Ca increases known as Ca oscillations occur. These oscillations are considered crucial for successful fertilization and subsequent embryonic development. Numerous researchers have endeavored to elucidate the factors responsible for inducing Ca oscillations across various mammalian species.

synergistic halogen passivation of semiconducting PbS quantum dot inks for efficient photovoltaics.

Lead sulfide colloidal quantum dots (PbS CQDs) show great potential in next-generation photovoltaics. However, their high specific surface area and complex surface crystallography lead to a high surface trap density, which normally requires more than one type of capping ion or ligand to achieve effective surface passivation. In this study, we performed mixed halogen passivation (MHP) during the direct synthesis of semiconducting PbS CQD inks by using different lead halogens.

Long-term outcomes of salvage transurethral high-dose-rate brachytherapy combined with external beam radiation therapy for anastomotic recurrence of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy: A retrospective analysis.

Background: High-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) delivers high-dose radiation to local lesions within a short treatment period. There are no reports of salvage transurethral HDR-BT for biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the usefulness of salvage transurethral HDR-BT with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) for anastomotic prostate cancer recurrence.

The association between subjective anti-doping knowledge and objective knowledge among Japanese university athletes: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the association between () and () among Japanese university athletes, framed within the context of the (TPB).

Methods: Eligible participants were 486 university athletes [320 men (65.8%), 166 women; mean age of 18.

A Strategic Translational Research System for Drug Discovery in Tottori University.

The probability of successful drug discovery is declining, and research and development costs are increasing. To solve these problems, pharmaceutical companies tend to in-license seeds from venture companies and academia. Therefore, academia's role in drug discovery is extremely important.

Rectal ulcer associated with lenvatinib 15 years after definitive radiotherapy for prostate cancer: A case report.

Lenvatinib is a multi-kinase inhibitor that blocks vascular endothelial growth factor, fibroblast growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptors. The present study describes a case of rectal ulceration triggered by lenvatinib treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma 15 years after definitive radiotherapy for prostate cancer. A 58-year-old man underwent definitive external beam radiotherapy and high-dose-rate brachytherapy for prostate cancer.