Phenotypic and genomic assessment of the potential threat of human spaceflight-relevant isolates under stress conditions.

Previous studies have reported that spaceflight specific conditions such as microgravity lead to changes in bacterial physiology and resistance behavior including increased expression of virulence factors, enhanced biofilm formation and decreased susceptibility to antibiotics. To assess if spaceflight induced physiological changes can manifest in human-associated bacteria, we compared three spaceflight relevant isolates (DSM 111179, ISS; DSM 31028, clean room; DSM 113836; artificial gravity bedrest study) with the type strain (DSM 20326). We tested the three strains regarding growth, colony morphology, metabolism, fatty acid and polar lipid pattern, biofilm formation, susceptibility to antibiotics and survival in different stress conditions such as treatment with hydrogen peroxide, exposure to desiccation, and irradiation with X-rays and UV-C.

Diversity and Interrelations Among the Constitutive VOC Emission Blends of Four Broad-Leaved Tree Species at Seedling Stage.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by plants consist of a broad range of gasses which serve purposes such as protecting against herbivores, communicating with insects and neighboring plants, or increasing the tolerance to environmental stresses. Evidence is accumulating that the composition of VOC blends plays an important role in fulfilling these purposes. Constitutional emissions give insight into species-specific stress tolerance potentials and are an important first step in linking metabolism and function of co-occurring VOCs.

[Studying Human Medicine at the University of Zurich].

Studying Human Medicine at the University of Zurich We compile the most important published information on studying human medicine at the Medical Faculty of the University of Zurich (as of 8.6.2020), with a brief overview of the 'Education Network' (www.

[Illustrated Medical History of the Zurich University Hospital and the Medical Policlinic (Including Cultural and Urban Side Effects)].

Illustrated Medical History of the Zurich University Hospital and the Medical Policlinic (Including Cultural and Urban Side Effects) Zurich has always played a significant role in the history of medicine, with technical developments and biomedical discoveries (including numerous Nobel Prize laureates) or with Zurich physicians who are now commonplace in the world of medicine as eponyms. The story of the Kantonsspital of the University of Zurich, founded in 1833, is perfect to illustrate and locate Zurich's medical history - but also to show intriguing and unexpected cultural or urban references.

[Reflections on Trends in the Undergraduate Curricula of Human Medicine at the Universities in Switzerland].

Reflections on Trends in the Undergraduate Curricula of Human Medicine at the Universities in Switzerland Reflections on current trends and progressions in the undergraduate curricula of Human Medicine of the universities in Switzerland. Both updated modern learning objectives and the politically intended higher number of graduated swiss physicians will make an impact on clinical skills training and offers opportunities in focusing as well as in coordinating the curricula.

Airborne measurements of isoprene and monoterpene emissions from southeastern U.S. forests.

Isoprene and monoterpene emission rates are essential inputs for atmospheric chemistry models that simulate atmospheric oxidant and particle distributions. Process studies of the biochemical and physiological mechanisms controlling these emissions are advancing our understanding and the accuracy of model predictions but efforts to quantify regional emissions have been limited by a lack of constraints on regional distributions of ecosystem emission capacities. We used an airborne wavelet-based eddy covariance measurement technique to characterize isoprene and monoterpene fluxes with high spatial resolution during the 2013 SAS (Southeast Atmosphere Study) in the southeastern United States.

The Convective Transport of Active Species in the Tropics (CONTRAST) Experiment.

The Convective Transport of Active Species in the Tropics (CONTRAST) experiment was conducted from Guam (13.5° N, 144.8° E) during January-February 2014.

Rapid cycling of reactive nitrogen in the marine boundary layer.

Nitrogen oxides are essential for the formation of secondary atmospheric aerosols and of atmospheric oxidants such as ozone and the hydroxyl radical, which controls the self-cleansing capacity of the atmosphere. Nitric acid, a major oxidation product of nitrogen oxides, has traditionally been considered to be a permanent sink of nitrogen oxides. However, model studies predict higher ratios of nitric acid to nitrogen oxides in the troposphere than are observed.

Atmospheric benzenoid emissions from plants rival those from fossil fuels.

Despite the known biochemical production of a range of aromatic compounds by plants and the presence of benzenoids in floral scents, the emissions of only a few benzenoid compounds have been reported from the biosphere to the atmosphere. Here, using evidence from measurements at aircraft, ecosystem, tree, branch and leaf scales, with complementary isotopic labeling experiments, we show that vegetation (leaves, flowers, and phytoplankton) emits a wide variety of benzenoid compounds to the atmosphere at substantial rates. Controlled environment experiments show that plants are able to alter their metabolism to produce and release many benzenoids under stress conditions.

Organosulfates as tracers for secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol (MBO) in the atmosphere.

2-Methyl-3-buten-2-ol (MBO) is an important biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emitted by pine trees and a potential precursor of atmospheric secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in forested regions. In the present study, hydroxyl radical (OH)-initiated oxidation of MBO was examined in smog chambers under varied initial nitric oxide (NO) and aerosol acidity levels. Results indicate measurable SOA from MBO under low-NO conditions.

The combined use of known antiviral reverse transcriptase inhibitors AZT and DDI induce anticancer effects at low concentrations.

A hallmark of tumor cell survival is the maintenance of elongated telomeres. It is known that antiviral reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) such as azidothymidine (AZT) and didanosine (ddI) lead to telomere shortening at high, potentially toxic concentrations. We hypothesized that those drugs might have synergistic effects enabling successful therapy with low, nontoxic concentrations.

First eddy covariance flux measurements by PTR-TOF.

The recently developed PTR-TOF instrument was evaluated to measure methanol fluxes emitted from grass land using the eddy covariance method. The high time resolution of the PTR-TOF allowed storing full mass spectra up to 315 with a frequency of 10 Hz. Three isobaric ions were found at a nominal mass of 33 due to the high mass resolving power of the PTR-TOF.

[Medical check-ups on the <>. Benefit for population at risk or self-selection of healthy and health-conscious patients?].

The aim of the present study was to assess health related characteristics and reasons for participation on the <>, second, to compare these variables with a representative Swiss Health Survey (SHS). Characteristics of the participants were collected cross-sectionally and afterwards compared with results of the SHS. Response rate was 74.