[Method of penile scintigraphy].

A method of phalloscintigraphy, based on the gamma camera and computerized data processing, is offered. The results of examination of patients are described.

[Nuclear-medical equipment in the Research Institute for Medical Instrument-making].

The activity of the department for emission introscopy of the Research Institute for Medical Instrument-Making ("ZAO VNIIMP-VITA") is described in the article. A list of developed and commissioned devices and instruments for the field of nuclear medicine is presented. Methods of elaboration of some sophisticated instruments and units designed for radio-biochemical and radio-immunologic examinations as well as methods of elaboration of scintillation gamma cameras, tomograph GKS-301T, medical dosimeters and of other devices are also described.

[Methods and means for the noninvasive assessment of the cerebral circulation].

The main clinical and diagnostic tasks while studying cerebrovascular diseases have been defined and set on the basis of analysis of the biophysical and pathophysiological factors and parameters that characterize the cerebral circulation in health and disease. The currently available physioengineering methods and means for evaluating cebral hemodynamics. Proposals to design new equipment and to improve the existing one and recommendations how to use them while examining the cerebral circulation in various clinical situations are given.

[Conceptual and technological diagnostic problems in the prevention and rehabilitation of stroke].

The paper provides the optimum algorithms for diagnosing the severity of prestroke cerebral circulatory disorders and determining the poststroke brain lesion extent. It is suggested that various techniques, such as radionuclide diagnosis, Doppler ultrasonography, postural disorder correction should be employed.

[A trial of the clinical use of the Testascan computerized gamma tomograph in neurosurgical pathology].

The paper outlines the diagnostic potentialities of the first Russian multidetector Testascan gamma-tomograph. With this, three different radio pharmaceuticals (RP) were used; 99mTC-GM PAO for examining cerebral circulatory disorders, 99mTC pertechnetate for visualizing tumor foci, and 99mTC-DTPK for studying impaired cerebral liquor pathway. Regional cerebral blood supply was studied in 78 patients with arterial aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations, with stenoses and thromboses of the great arterial trunks, as well in patients with brain injury sequelae and hypophyseal, craniofascial, and cavernous sinus tumors, VIII-neurinomas, meningiomas of the pyramid of the temporal bone.

[Single-photon emission-computed tomography of the head using labelled amines in visualizing the cerebral microcirculation].

The authors presented clinical material on cerebral hemodynamics in patients with neurological pathology in suspected tumor vascular cerebral diseases and craniocerebral traumas. Investigation of cerebral microcirculation was performed using a multidetector single-photon emission tomograph "Testoscan" (USSR) after iv administration of 99mTc-hexamethylpropilene-amyloxine. This radiopharmaceutical is good for the evaluation of cerebral perfusion and gives a clinician rich information on cerebral microcirculation.

[Single-photon emission-computed tomography with the Testascan multidetector gamma tomograph in neurologic practice].

The paper is concerned with the results of single-photon emission tomography and gamma-topography in patients with cerebral tumors, cerebral circulatory disorders and pathology of the liquor system. Tomographic investigation was shown to enhance the accuracy and reliability of the detection of cerebral tumors. Single-photon emission computerized gamma-tomography (SPECT) permitted the detection of structural and morphological cerebral changes in disturbed cerebral circulation of various etiology.

[Adsorption and desorption of the radionuclide 133Xe on carbon adsorbents with varying porous structures].

The paper concerns adsorbents with different porosity intended for adsorption of gaseous 133Xe from the flow of a gas-air mixture exhaled by the patient undergoing the diagnosis, for instance, of the pulmonary system or cerebral blood flow. The data obtained were visualized on a gamma-chamber. An adsorbent exhibiting the highest adsorption capacity was selected.

[Radioanatomy of cerebral perfusion in single-photon emission-computed tomography using 99mTc-labelled amines].

A study was made of the cerebral hemodynamics by assessing the distribution in single-photon emission computerized tomography with 99mTc-hexamethyl-propyleneminoxyne in health using a Testascan in 9 standard slices. The whole set of tomographic slices was conventionally divided into 3 levels. For better orientation in gamma-tomographic images, pictures were presented where in addition to scintigrams a morphological scheme of the cerebral parts with the marked parts perfused by cerebral arteries, was given.

[Right-to-right arteriovenous shunting in the compensation of pronounced disorders of pulmonary ventilation].

The mechanism of compensation for disorders of ventilation after pulmonary tissue resection is discussed. It is shown that these disorders are attended with reduction of arterial pulmonary blood flow and that angiospasm occurs in the postcapillary part of the vascular channel of pulmonary circulation. The compensatory effect is achieved by a right-to-right arteriovenous shunt which prevents extreme increase of pressure in the pulmonary artery in ventilation disorders.

[The TESTASCAN single-photon emission multidetector computed gamma tomograph].

A TESTASCAN single-photon emission multidetector gamma tomograph is a special purpose unit designed to investigate RP distribution in the brain. It permits obtaining transversal tomographic images with the resolution of about 10 mm, the thickness of an emitted layer being about 15 mm. The time of patient's examination during obtaining an image of 10-12 layers does not exceed 30 min.

[Facial muscle blood flow in patients with trigeminal nerve lesions].

Examinations of the muscle blood flow in the face have shown that this method may be used as one of the criteria in the objective evaluation of pain and for the follow-up of its severity in patients with trigeminal injury.

[Value of 99m-pyrophosphate myocardial scanning and scintigraphy in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction].

Visualization of the myocardial necrotic focus with the aid of 99mTc -pyrophosphate is an informative method of determining the infarction degree and localization in the cardiac muscle. Scanning enables evaluation of the area of the necrotic focus in patients with acute myocardial infarction within two weeks of the disease onset. Scintigraphy with both the diffuse and the focal variants of isotope accumulation is shown to be of high diagnostic value in acute myocardial infarction.

[Comparative evaluation of the diagnostic possibilities of radioisotope angiography and rheoencephalography in patients with vascular diseases of the brain].

Forty-one patients with dyscirculatory encephalopathy complicated by a transient impairment of the cerebral circulation were examined in a neurological department. A comparative analysis of the findings obtained during comprehensive study of the cerebral circulation showed that in the overwhelming majority of cases (37 out of 41), the results of isotope angiography and rheography coincided and corresponded to the clinical findings. To a certain degree these methods complemented each other: rheoencephalography was more informative in the diagnosis of cerebral atherosclerosis and essential hypertension while radioisotope angiography allowed a more accurate determination of the area affected.

[Radioisotope diagnostic unit].

A diagnostic radionuclide complex is described, developed and introduced into practice in the clinical hospital, servicing 300 thousand patients. Optimal set of methods, nomenclature of instruments, system for information collection and processing as well as the tactics of application of these instruments have been developed.