Frustration in a generalized kagomé Ising antiferromagnet: Exact results.

We obtain the exact ground-state phase diagram of a generalized kagomé antiferromagnet with both pair and triplet interactions, J_{2} and J_{3}, respectively, in the presence of a magnetic field h appropriately tuned. We find that when the pair interaction J_{2}<0 dominates, the ground state is geometrically frustrated; on the other hand, the ground state is disordered but not frustrated when the triplet interaction J_{3} dominates, the boundaries between the two cases being at J_{3}=±J_{2}. The exact ground-state crossover lines between the two distinct types of disorder remain identifiable crossover curves at finite temperatures.

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of Malay version of Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (MREALD-30) among Orang Asli population in Malaysia.

Background: The aim of this study was to adapt, translate and validate the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (MREALD-30) instrument for the Orang Asli population in Malaysia.

Methods: After translation and cross-cultural adaptation, interviews were conducted with 326 participants of the Temuan tribe from village Kampung Tering in Johol, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. The instrument's validity was assessed using the scores of MREALD-30, which were compared based on occupation, monthly household income, educational attainment, general literacy, use of dental services, and three dental outcomes.

Nonmonotonic confining potential and eigenvalue density transition for generalized random matrix model.

We consider several limiting cases of the joint probability distribution for a random matrix ensemble with an additional interaction term controlled by an exponent γ (called the γ ensembles). The effective potential, which is essentially the single-particle confining potential for an equivalent ensemble with γ=1 (called the Muttalib-Borodin ensemble), is a crucial quantity defined in solution to the Riemann-Hilbert problem associated with the γ ensembles. It enables us to numerically compute the eigenvalue density of γ ensembles for all γ>0.

Case sharing - an approach for improving clinical experience to cases of advanced complexity among undergraduate dental students.

Introduction/problem: Clinical experience in cases of advanced complexity/rare cases is limited among undergraduate dental students. This commentary narrates a module termed "case sharing", wherein a small group of undergraduate dental students treat/assist, document and present advanced or rare cases to their entire cohort in eight weeks.

Approach: Undergraduate students perform procedures of straightforward and moderate complexity, and later assisted the clinical specialists during procedures of advanced complexity.

Balancing assessment of depth and breadth in the dental curriculum: A bi-dimensional assessment strategy.

Introduction: Integrated curricula are being increasingly adopted in health professions, owing to their advantages including patient-centred training and development of critical thinking. Similarly, the majority of dental Universities have either moved away from discipline-specific towards integrated curricula or have incorporated elements of integration. Despite several advantages offered by the integrated curriculum, one disadvantage is failure to assess depth of knowledge.

Mercury in dental amalgam: Are our health care workers at risk?

Unlabelled: Dental amalgam in fillings exposes workers to mercury. The exposure to mercury was investigated among 1871 dental health care workers. The aim of the study was to evaluate the risk of mercury exposure among dental compared to nondental health care workers and to determine other risk factors for mercury exposure.

Asymmetric metal-insulator transition in disordered ferromagnetic films.

We present experimental data and a theoretical interpretation of the conductance near the metal-insulator transition in thin ferromagnetic Gd films of thickness b ≈ 2-10  nm. A large phase relaxation rate caused by scattering of quasiparticles off spin-wave excitations renders the dephasing length L(ϕ) ≲ b in the range of sheet resistances considered, so that the effective dimension is d = 3. The conductivity data at different stages of disorder obey a fractional power-law temperature dependence and collapse onto two scaling curves for the metallic and insulating regimes, indicating an asymmetric metal-insulator transition with two distinctly different critical exponents; the best fit is obtained for a dynamical exponent z ≈ 2.

Solutions for correlations along the coexistence curve and at the critical point of a kagomé lattice gas with three-particle interactions.

We consider a two-dimensional (d=2) kagomé lattice gas model with attractive three-particle interactions around each triangular face of the kagomé lattice. Exact solutions are obtained for multiparticle correlations along the liquid and vapor branches of the coexistence curve and at criticality. The correlation solutions are also determined along the continuation of the curvilinear diameter of the coexistence region into the disordered fluid region.

Power-law eigenvalue density, scaling, and critical random-matrix ensembles.

We consider a class of rotationally invariant unitary random matrix ensembles where the eigenvalue density falls off as an inverse power law. Under a scaling appropriate for such power-law densities (different from the scaling required in Gaussian random matrix ensembles), we calculate exactly the two-level kernel that determines all eigenvalue correlations. We show that such ensembles belong to the class of critical ensembles.

Weak-localization correction to the anomalous Hall effect in polycrystalline fe films.

In situ transport measurements have been made on ultrathin (<100 A thick) polycrystalline Fe films as a function of temperature and magnetic field for a wide range of disorder strengths. For sheet resistances Rxx less than approximately 3kOmega, we find a logarithmic temperature dependence of the anomalous Hall conductivity sigmaxy, which is shown for the first time to be due to a universal scale dependent weak-localization correction within the skew-scattering model. For higher sheet resistance, granularity becomes important and the break down of universal behavior becomes manifest as the prefactors of the lnT correction term to sigmaxx and sigmaxy decrease at different rates with increasing disorder.

Validation of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) in the Malay language.

Objective: To translate and validate the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI into the Malay language for use in Malaysia.

Methodology: The 6-Likert scale GOHAI was translated into the Malay language and self-administered on 189 subjects aged 60+. All subjects underwent oral status assessment.

Family of solvable generalized random-matrix ensembles with unitary symmetry.

We construct a very general family of characteristic functions describing random matrix ensembles (RME) having a global unitary invariance, and containing an arbitrary, one-variable probability measure, which we characterize by a "spread function." Various choices of the spread function lead to a variety of possible generalized RMEs, which show deviations from the well-known Gaussian RME originally proposed by Wigner. We obtain the correlation functions of such generalized ensembles exactly and show examples of how particular choices of the spread function can describe ensembles with arbitrary eigenvalue densities as well as critical ensembles with multifractality.

Emergence of anomalous distributions in disordered systems.

The present day non-gaussian distribution of mass density of the universe evolved from an initial gaussian distribution in the presence of nonlinear interactions. We discuss an analog in disordered condensed matter system where increasing the disorder changes the distribution of conductances from a gaussian at weak disorder to a log-normal at strong disorder. The highly asymmetric "one-sided" log-normal distribution in the intermediate crossover regime can be understood as a simple hybrid of these two limiting distributions.