Surveillance Breast MRI in Women with a History of Breast Cancer: Association with Occurrence of Advanced Second Breast Cancer.

Background Studies on the association between surveillance breast MRI in women with a personal history of breast cancer (PHBC) and advanced second breast cancer are lacking. Purpose To investigate the association between postoperative surveillance breast MRI and advanced second breast cancer in women with a PHBC by using propensity score matching (PSM). Materials and Methods Women who underwent breast cancer surgery between January 2009 and December 2014 were retrospectively identified at a single tertiary center.

Clinical Potential of Novel Microbial Therapeutic LP51 Based on Xerosis-Microbiome Index.

Xerosis, characterized by dry, rough skin, causes discomfort and aesthetic concerns, necessitating effective treatment. Traditional treatments often show limited efficacy, prompting the need for innovative therapies. This study highlights the efficacy of microbiome therapeutic LP51, derived from a healthy vaginal microbiome, in improving xerosis.

Arthroscopic Partial Repair of Large to Massive Rotator Cuff Tears Shows Clinical Outcomes and Survivorship at Minimum 10-Year Follow-Up Comparable to Those of Arthroscopic Complete Repair.

Purpose: To compare the survival rate (revision surgery) and clinical and radiologic outcomes of arthroscopic partial versus complete repair for large to massive rotator cuff tears over a minimum 10-year follow-up period.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent arthroscopic partial or complete repair of large to massive rotator cuff tears between 2008 and 2013, with minimum 10-year follow-up. Functional outcomes were measured using the visual analog scale pain score, Subjective Shoulder Value, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, University of California, Los Angeles shoulder score, and passive range of motion preoperatively and at the last follow-up.

Prediction of Axial Length From Macular Optical Coherence Tomography Using Deep Learning Model.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a deep learning model for predicting the axial length (AL) of eyes using optical coherence tomography (OCT) images.

Methods: We retrospectively included patients with AL measurements and OCT images taken within 3 months. We utilized a 5-fold cross-validation with the ResNet-152 architecture, incorporating horizontal OCT images, vertical OCT images, and dual-input images.

Pannexin-1 channel inhibition alleviates opioid withdrawal in rodents by modulating locus coeruleus to spinal cord circuitry.

Opioid withdrawal is a liability of chronic opioid use and misuse, impacting people who use prescription or illicit opioids. Hyperactive autonomic output underlies many of the aversive withdrawal symptoms that make it difficult to discontinue chronic opioid use. The locus coeruleus (LC) is an important autonomic centre within the brain with a poorly defined role in opioid withdrawal.

Cost-Effectiveness of Intravascular Imaging-Guided Complex PCI: Prespecified Analysis of RENOVATE-COMPLEX-PCI Trial.

Background: Although clinical benefits of intravascular imaging-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with complex coronary artery lesions have been observed in previous trials, the cost-effectiveness of this strategy is uncertain.

Methods: RENOVATE-COMPLEX-PCI (Randomized Controlled Trial of Intravascular Imaging Guidance vs Angiography-Guidance on Clinical Outcomes After Complex Percutaneous Coronary Intervention) was conducted in Korea between May 2018 and May 2021. This prespecified cost-effectiveness substudy was conducted using Markov model that simulated 3 states: (1) post-PCI, (2) spontaneous myocardial infarction, and (3) death.

Noninvasive Imaging of Conjunctival Goblet Cells as a Method for Diagnosing Dry Eye Disease in an Experimental Mouse Model.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a noninvasive conjunctival goblet cell (GC) imaging method for assessing dry eye disease (DED) in an experimental mouse model.

Methods: Moxifloxacin-based fluorescence microscopy (MBFM) was used to examine GCs noninvasively in 56 mice. Forty-two (42) DED-induced mice were divided into 2 groups and treated topically for 14 days with cyclosporine (CsA) or normal saline (NS).

Clinical Benefit of Intravascular Imaging Compared With Conventional Angiography in Left Main Coronary Artery Intervention.

Background: The RENOVATE-COMPLEX-PCI (Randomized Controlled Trial of Intravascular Imaging Guidance Versus Angiography-Guidance on Clinical Outcomes After Complex Percutaneous Coronary Intervention) demonstrated that intravascular imaging-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) improved clinical outcome compared with angiography-guided PCI for patients with complex coronary artery lesions. This study aims to assess whether the prognostic benefit of intravascular imaging-guided procedural optimization persists in patients undergoing PCI for left main coronary artery disease.

Methods: Of 1639 patients enrolled in the RENOVATE-COMPLEX-PCI, 192 patients with left main coronary artery disease were selected for the current prespecified substudy.

Clinical Outcomes of Deferred Lesions by IVUS Versus FFR-Guided Treatment Decision.

Background: There are limited data regarding the safety of deferral of percutaneous coronary intervention based on intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) findings. The current study sought to compare the prognosis between deferred lesions based on IVUS and fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided treatment decision.

Methods: This study is a post hoc analysis of the FLAVOUR randomized trial (Fractional Flow Reserve and Intravascular Ultrasound for Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Intermediate Stenosis) that compared 2-year clinical outcomes between IVUS- and FFR-guided treatment decision on intermediate coronary artery lesions using predefined criteria.

Cancer signature ensemble integrating cfDNA methylation, copy number, and fragmentation facilitates multi-cancer early detection.

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) sequencing has demonstrated great potential for early cancer detection. However, most large-scale studies have focused only on either targeted methylation sites or whole-genome sequencing, limiting comprehensive analysis that integrates both epigenetic and genetic signatures. In this study, we present a platform that enables simultaneous analysis of whole-genome methylation, copy number, and fragmentomic patterns of cfDNA in a single assay.

Differentiation between Chondrosarcoma and Synovial Chondromatosis of the Temporomandibular Joint Using CT and MR Imaging.

Background And Purpose: Chondrosarcoma and synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint share overlapping clinical and histopathologic features. We aimed to identify CT and MR imaging features to differentiate chondrosarcoma from synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint.

Materials And Methods: The CT and MR images of 12 and 35 patients with histopathologically confirmed chondrosarcoma and synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint, respectively, were retrospectively reviewed.

Intravascular Imaging-Guided or Angiography-Guided Complex PCI.

Background: Data regarding clinical outcomes after intravascular imaging-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for complex coronary-artery lesions, as compared with outcomes after angiography-guided PCI, are limited.

Methods: In this prospective, multicenter, open-label trial in South Korea, we randomly assigned patients with complex coronary-artery lesions in a 2:1 ratio to undergo either intravascular imaging-guided PCI or angiography-guided PCI. In the intravascular imaging group, the choice between intravascular ultrasonography and optical coherence tomography was at the operators' discretion.

BioMatrix Versus Orsiro Stents for Coronary Artery Disease: A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label Study.

Background: Comparative studies of ultrathin-strut biodegradable polymer sirolimus-eluting stent (BP-SES) have reported promising results and validated its excellent outcomes in terms of safety and efficacy. However, there are limited studies comparing BP drug-eluting stents with struts of different thicknesses. We compared the long-term clinical outcomes of patients treated with an ultrathin-strut BP-SES or a thick-strut biodegradable polymer biolimus-eluting stent (BP-BES).

A Pilot Study Comparing a Micronized Adipose Tissue Niche versus Standard Wound Care for Treatment of Neuropathic Diabetic Foot Ulcers.

Numerous studies have demonstrated the various properties of micronized adipose tissue (MAT), including angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative activities, which can be helpful in wound healing. This exploratory clinical trial aimed to report the efficacy and safety of MAT niche for treating diabetic foot ulcers. Twenty subjects were randomly divided into MAT niche treatment ( = 10) and control groups ( = 10).

Stroke genetics informs drug discovery and risk prediction across ancestries.

Previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of stroke - the second leading cause of death worldwide - were conducted predominantly in populations of European ancestry. Here, in cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analyses of 110,182 patients who have had a stroke (five ancestries, 33% non-European) and 1,503,898 control individuals, we identify association signals for stroke and its subtypes at 89 (61 new) independent loci: 60 in primary inverse-variance-weighted analyses and 29 in secondary meta-regression and multitrait analyses. On the basis of internal cross-ancestry validation and an independent follow-up in 89,084 additional cases of stroke (30% non-European) and 1,013,843 control individuals, 87% of the primary stroke risk loci and 60% of the secondary stroke risk loci were replicated (P < 0.

Plasma Antiretinal Autoantibody Profiling and Diagnostic Efficacy in Patients With Autoimmune Retinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate plasma antiretinal autoantibody (ARA) profiling and diagnostic efficacy for autoimmune retinopathy (AIR).

Design: A multicenter, diagnostic evaluation study.

Methods: Forty-nine patients with a clinical diagnosis of AIR, disease controls including 20 patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and 30 normal controls were included.

Longitudinal Microstructure Changes of the Retina and Choroid in Retinitis Pigmentosa.

Purpose: To investigate longitudinal changes in the retinal and choroidal microstructure of the macula in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP).

Design: Retrospective, observational cohort study.

Methods: A total of 69 patients with RP and 69 age- and sex-matched controls who underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) over a 4-year follow-up period were included.

US, Mammography, and Histopathologic Evaluation to Identify Low Nuclear Grade Ductal Carcinoma in Situ.

Background Low nuclear grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) identified at biopsy can be upgraded to intermediate to high nuclear grade DCIS at surgery. Methods that confirm low nuclear grade are needed to consider nonsurgical approaches for these patients. Purpose To develop a preoperative model to identify low nuclear grade DCIS and to evaluate factors associated with low nuclear grade DCIS at biopsy that was not upgraded to intermediate to high nuclear grade DCIS at surgery.