Investigation of interfractional range variation owing to anatomical changes with beam directions based on water equivalent thickness in proton therapy for pancreatic cancer.

To assess the interfractional anatomical range variations (ARVs) with beam directions and their impact on dose distribution in intensity modulated proton therapy, we analyzed water equivalent thickness (WET) from 10 patients with pancreatic cancer. The distributions of the interfractional WET difference ($\Delta{\mathrm{WET}}^{\theta }$) across 360° were visualized using polar histograms. Interfractional ARVs were evaluated using the mean absolute error and ΔWET pass rate, indicating the percentage of $\Delta \mathrm{WE}{\mathrm{T}}^{\theta }$ < thresholds.

A Case of Unilateral Brachial Plexus Injury Caused by First-Rib Stress Fractures Presenting With an Uncontrollable Involuntary Movement of the Neck.

Stress fracture of the first rib is a rare but an important cause of brachial plexopathy. Here, we describe a patient with a unilateral brachial plexus injury presenting with involuntary neck movements. A 22-year-old man with cervical involuntary movements for 10 months was diagnosed with tardive dyskinesia.

Clinical application of real-time tumor-tracking for stereotactic volumetric modulated arc therapy for liver tumors.

Real-time tumor-tracking volumetric modulated arc therapy (RT-VMAT) enabling beam-gating based on continuous X-ray tracking of the three-dimensional position of internal markers is relevant for moving tumors. Dose-volume characteristics and treatment time were evaluated in ten consecutive patients who underwent liver stereotactic body radiation therapy with RT-VMAT. Target dose conformity and sparing of the stomach and the intestine were improved comparing RT-VMAT with RT-3D conformal radiotherapy.

Application of motion prediction based on a long short-term memory network for imaging dose reduction in real-time tumor-tracking radiation therapy.

Purpose: To demonstrate the possibility of using a lower imaging rate while maintaining acceptable accuracy by applying motion prediction to minimize the imaging dose in real-time image-guided radiation therapy.

Methods: Time-series of three-dimensional internal marker positions obtained from 98 patients in liver stereotactic body radiation therapy were used to train and test the long-short-term memory (LSTM) network. For real-time imaging, the root mean squared error (RMSE) of the prediction on three-dimensional marker position made by LSTM, the residual motion of the target under respiratory-gated irradiation, and irradiation efficiency were evaluated.

[Clinical characteristics of seizure-predominant autoimmune encephalitis and utility of anti-neuronal antibody scores for early treatment].

We analyzed 20 patients diagnosed with autoimmune neurological diseases with seizure predominance. In these patients, we examined the usefulness of Antibody Prevalence in Epilepsy and Encephalopathy (APE) score and Antibodies Contributing to Focal Epilepsy Signs and Symptoms (ACES) score in autoimmune encephalitis (AE) for facilitating early treatment. APE score was positive in 19 of 20 patients.