Ketocyanine dyes: impact of conjugation length on optical absorption and third-order polarizabilities.

Broken symmetry and symmetry adapted cluster-configuration interaction techniques help to understand the structure-property relationships like impact of conjugation length on the electronic structure, small energy optical absorption and third-order polarizabilities in symmetric ketocyanine dyes. The sum-over-states approximation truncated to essential states model helped to understand the origin of the negative sign and the most relevant components of average static third-order polarizabilities. The results can be used as a design principle to model the ketocyanine dyes which can absorb in the visible to near-infrared region and show large negative third-order nonlinear activity.

Dimers of nineteen-electron sandwich compounds: crystal and electronic structures, and comparison of reducing strengths.

The dimers of some Group 8 metal cyclopentadienyl/arene complexes and Group 9 metallocenes can be handled in air, yet are strongly reducing, making them useful n-dopants in organic electronics. In this work, the X-ray molecular structures are shown to resemble those of Group 8 metal cyclopentadienyl/pentadienyl or Group 9 metal cyclopentadienyl/diene model compounds. Compared to those of the model compounds, the DFT HOMOs of the dimers are significantly destabilized by interactions between the metal and the central CC σ-bonding orbital, accounting for the facile oxidation of the dimers.

Cationic cyanine dyes: impact of symmetry-breaking on optical absorption and third-order polarizabilities.

A systematic study is carried out to find the exact crossover point from symmetric to asymmetric configurations (symmetry-breaking) in a series of cationic cyanine dyes. Hybrid density functional with varying exact-exchange admixture has been used to understand the impact of HF exchange both in the gas phase and in the presence of dielectric medium. This approach provides a basis for understanding the electronic structure and photophysical properties of cyanine dyes.

Application of solution processable squaraine dyes as electron donors for organic bulk-heterojunction solar cells.

New low bandgap small molecules based on a squaraine (SQ) chromophore, bis[4-(2,6-di-tert-butyl)vinylpyrylium]squaraine (TBU-SQ), bis[2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)pyrylium]squaraine (MeTBU-SQ) and bis[4-(but-1-en-2-yl)-2,6-di-tert-butylpyrylium]squaraine (EtTBU-SQ), were synthesized and used as electron donors along with PC70BM for their application in solution processed organic bulk-heterojunction (OBHJ) solar cell (SC). The long wavelength of these SQ dyes are located in between 650-750 nm in thin films and the optical bandgaps are about 1.64, 1.

n-Doping of organic electronic materials using air-stable organometallics: a mechanistic study of reduction by dimeric sandwich compounds.

Several 19-electron sandwich compounds are known to exist as "2×18-electron" dimers. Recently it has been shown that, despite their air stability in the solid state, some of these dimers act as powerful reductants when co-deposited from either the gas phase or from solution and that this behavior can be useful in n-doping materials for organic electronics, including compounds with moderate electron affinities, such as 6,13-bis[tri(isopropyl)silylethynyl]pentacene (3). This paper addresses the mechanisms by which the dimers of 1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylrhodocene (1 b(2)), (pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(1,3,5-trialkylbenzene)ruthenium (alkyl=Me, 2 a(2); alkyl=Et, 2 b(2)), and (pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)(benzene)iron (2 c(2)) react with 3 in solution.