Publications by authors named "K Yahara"
Objectives: KLUC β-lactamase is a minor extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) derived from chromosome-encoded cefotaximase in Kluyvera cryocrescens. This study aimed to characterize the genetic context of KLUC-3-producing Escherichia coli and bla-harboring plasmids and assess nosocomial transmission.
Methods: In a national genomic surveillance conducted in 2019 and 2020, KLUC-3-producing E.
Article Synopsis
- Tigecycline is an antimicrobial with effectiveness against a wide range of bacteria, but resistance genes, specifically tnfxB-tmexCD-toprJ, have been spreading globally, raising concerns about their prevalence in Japan.
- A study analyzed genome sequences from 5143 Enterobacterales clinical isolates collected in Japan to investigate the presence of the tnfxB-tmexCD-toprJ gene cluster.
- The study found two Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates carrying the tnfxB1-tmexCD1-toprJ1 cluster along with other antibiotic resistance genes, indicating a potential public health threat from multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales even in regions with low clinical use of tigecycline.
Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a crucial strategy to combat AMR. Using routine surveillance data, we could detect and control hospital outbreaks of AMR bacteria as early as possible. Previously, we developed a framework for automatic detection of clusters of AMR bacteria using SaTScan, a free cluster detection tool integrated into WHONET.
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- Researchers identified a new species of bacteria related to skin infections in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) by analyzing lesions and conducting genome sequencing.
- The isolated bacteria produce a protein similar to staphylococcal enterotoxin Y (SEY), which activates T cells in a different way than other known superantigens, primarily through the T-cell receptor (TCR) Vα pathway.
- Immunological tests showed that this new protein, called SargEY, can stimulate T-cell proliferation and has the potential to worsen skin conditions in AD patients.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the occurrence of certain respiratory bacteria, highlighting significant changes in their epidemiology due to new social behaviors and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs).
- Researchers analyzed data from a national surveillance database from 2018 to 2021, comparing cases of four bacteria before and after the pandemic, focusing on different age groups and specimen sources.
- Findings showed a significant drop in cases of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and S. pyogenes between 2019 and 2020, with a resurgence in 2021, particularly among young children, indicating the varied impact of NPIs on different bacteria and demographics.