Prevalence of second primary malignancies in patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors.

Objectives: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) constitute a diverse group of tumors. NETs are often diagnosed late, due to nonspecific symptoms. Second Primary Malignancies (SPMs) have been reported in up to 25% of NETs and their incidence has been described as negative predictor of OS.

From Cyclo[18]carbon to the Novel Nanostructures-Theoretical Predictions.

In this paper, we present a number of novel pure-carbon structures generated from cyclo[18]carbon. Due to the very high reactivity of cyclo[18]carbon, it is possible to link these molecules together to form bigger molecular systems. In our studies, we generated new structures containing 18, 36 and 72 carbon atoms.

The carbohydrate glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor chain under mechanical stress.

Carbohydrates have quite complicated micro heterogenic structure which may undergo different structural transitions. Due to their extreme flexibility it is very difficult to investigate such structural changes experimentally. In these studies we want to predict what structural and conformational changes are possible in the carbohydrate glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor chain (GPI): the tetrasaccharide with the unique sequence Man-α(1 → 2)-Man-α(1 → 6)-Man-α(1 → 4)-GlcN-α.

Potentially Bio-Accessible Metabolites from an Extract of Fruit after Gastrointestinal Digestion In Vitro and Gut Microbiota Ex Vivo Treatment.

Targeting pancreatic lipase and α-amylase by digestion-derived fractions of ethanolic-aqueous (60%, /) extract from fruit (CM) in relation to the control and prevention of metabolic disorders, including diabetes, was the first purpose of the present study. Taking into consideration the significance of bio-accessibility of compounds, we attempted to identify metabolites of CM after gastrointestinal digestion in vitro, as well as their kinetic changes upon gut microbiota treatment. The digestion of extract was simulated with digestive enzymes in vitro and human gut microbiota ex vivo (1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 24 h), followed by chromatographic analysis using the UHPLC-DAD-MS method.