Value choices in European COVID-19 vaccination schedules: how vaccination prioritization differs from other forms of priority setting.

With the limited initial availability of COVID-19 vaccines in the first months of 2021, decision-makers had to determine the order in which different groups were prioritized. Our aim was to find out what normative approaches to the allocation of scarce preventive resources were embedded in the national COVID-19 vaccination schedules. We systematically reviewed and compared prioritization regulations in 27 members of the European Union, the United Kingdom, and Israel.

Preoperative radiotherapy and local excision of rectal cancer: Long-term results of a randomised study.

Background And Purpose: It is uncertain whether local control is acceptable after preoperative radiotherapy and local excision (LE). An optimal preoperative dose/fractionation schedule has not yet been established.

Material And Methods: In a phase III study, patients with cT1-2N0M0 or borderline cT2/T3N0M0 < 4 cm rectal adenocarcinomas were randomised to receive either 5 × 5 Gy plus 1 × 4 Gy boost or chemoradiation: 50.

Does the addition of oxaliplatin to preoperative chemoradiation benefit cT4 or fixed cT3 rectal cancer treatment? A subgroup analysis from a prospective study.

Background: Whether there is any benefit derived from adding oxaliplatin to fluoropyrimidine-based preoperative chemoradiation is currently unknown in cases of advanced cT3 or cT4 tumours. Our aim was to evaluate this issue by analysing a randomized trial, which compared two schedules of preoperative treatment (chemoradiation vs. 5 × 5 Gy with 3 cycles of consolidation chemotherapy) for cT4 or fixed cT3 rectal cancer.