Structural characterization and developability assessment of sustained release hydrogels for rapid implementation during preclinical studies.

Sustained-release formulations are important tools to convert efficacious molecules into therapeutic products. Hydrogels enable the rapid assessment of sustained-release strategies, which are important during preclinical development where drug quantities are limited and fast turnaround times are the norm. Most research in hydrogel-based drug delivery has focused around synthesizing new materials and polymers, with limited focus on structural characterization, technology developability and implementation.

Impact of Intraoperative Cone Beam Computed Tomography on Reduction Quality and Implant Position in Treatment of Tibial Plafond Fractures.

Background: The intraoperative assessment of the articular surface in displaced intra-articular distal tibia fractures can be challenging using conventional fluoroscopy. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and the method of intraoperative corrections of fracture reductions or implant placements during open reduction, internal fixation by using cone beam computed tomography (CT) after conventional fluoroscopy.

Methods: Displaced intra-articular distal tibia fractures were retrospectively analyzed from August 2001 until December 2011.

[Percutaneous stabilization of traumatic spondylolisthesis in a child].

A 12-year-old boy suffered a rare occurrence of a traumatic spondylolisthesis (L5/S1) without neurological alterations after being partially buried underneath a collapsing brick wall. Additionally he sustained a third degree open fracture of the left distal fibula and epiphysiolysis of the left distal tibia. A closed reduction and percutanous dorsal instrumentation L5/S1 as well as an open reduction and osteosynthesis of the tibia and fibula were performed.

[Postoperative malrotation after closed reduction and intramedullary nailing of the femur: a retrospective 5-year analysis].

Background: Minimally invasive treatment of diaphyseal femur fractures (DFF) with closed reduction and intramedullary nailing is a well established procedure. However, a femoral malrotation after intramedullary nailing is considered to be a substantial problem. Studies have described femoral malrotation (FMR) in 17-35 % after this procedure.

Predictors of a persistent dislocation after reduction of syndesmotic injuries detected with intraoperative three-dimensional imaging.

Background: In about 25% of cases, reduction of acute unstable syndesmotic injuries and stabilization with syndesmotic screws leads to an inadequate reduction. Conventional fluoroscopy does not provide reliable information about the reduction outcome. However, use of intraoperative 3D imaging can be more accurate.