Origin of Nonlinear Circular Photocurrent in 2D Semiconductor MoS_{2}.

Nonlinear photogalvanic effects in two-dimensional materials, particularly the nonlinear circular photocurrents (NCPs) that belong to the helicity-dependent spin photocurrents, have sparked enormous research interest. Although notable progress has been witnessed, the underling origin of NCPs remains elusive. Here, we present systematic photocurrent characteristics, symmetry analysis and theoretical calculations to uncover the physical origin of NCPs in MoS_{2}, a prototypical 2D semiconductor.

Maternal progesterone and adipose mPRε in pregnancy regulate the embryonic nutritional state.

Sex steroid hormones such as progesterone play a pivotal role in reproductive functions and maintaining pregnancy; however, the impact of progesterone on the interaction between mother and embryo is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the relationship between maternal progesterone and membrane progesterone receptor epsilon (mPRε) in adipose tissue regulates embryonic nutritional environment and growth after birth in mice. The activation of adipose mPRε by increased progesterone during pregnancy enhances maternal insulin resistance via prostaglandin production, efficiently providing glucose to embryos.

Predicting Postoperative Neurological Outcomes in Metastatic Spinal Tumor Surgery Using Machine Learning.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of data collected across multiple centers.

Objective: To develop machine learning models for predicting neurological outcomes one month postoperatively in patients with metastatic spinal tumors undergoing surgery, and to identify key factors influencing neurological recovery.

Summary Of Background Data: The increasing prevalence of spinal metastases has led to a growing need for surgical intervention to address mechanical instability and neurological deficits.

Bioaugmentation of microbial fuel cells with Geobacter sulfurreducens strain 60473 for boosting power outputs from food wastes.

Microbial fuel cells are expected to be applied to sustainable power generation, while substantial increases in process performances, including power output, are necessary for practical application. Here we examined the utility of bioaugmentation with electro-active bacteria for boosting power outputs from microbial fuel cell reactors. Single-chamber reactors were operated using digester effluent as an inoculum and food wastes as organic substrates, and effects of bioaugmentation with Geobacter sulfurreducens strain 60 473 were examined.