Gratitude for Bystander Action Varies by Peer Intervention and Social Norms.

Gratitude is associated with increased social integration, which may counter the loneliness stemming from repeated peer victimization. The gratitude youth feel after different types of bystander action may depend on which behaviors are most congruent with personal beliefs. Face and honor cultures provide social norms for expectations and interpretations of behavior, including how to act during and after interpersonal conflict.

Curvature Perception of Mesenchymal Cells on Mesoscale Topographies.

Cells can sense geometrical cues with sizes of several tens of micrometers in their vicinity. Recent in vitro studies show that cells can adapt their shape, align along specific directions, or regulate other cellular functions when grown on surfaces with curvatures larger than their size. Although possible mechanisms for such responses like the alignment along axial cues have been suggested, a detailed understanding of the involved cellular processes remains open.

Dogs and cats with prepubic hernia often have concurrent injuries and a good short-term outcome.

Objective: To describe clinical presentation, concurrent injuries, common imaging findings, and short-term outcome of dogs and cats diagnosed with prepubic hernia (PPH).

Animals: 71 dogs and 16 cats.

Clinical Presentation: Medical records were searched at 2 academic referral institutions from August 1, 2008, to August 31, 2023, for dogs and cats diagnosed with PPH.